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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Cangkang Telur Dengan Metode Presipitasi Novika Sri Wardani; Ahmad Fadli; Irdoni Irdoni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite powder from eggshell waste as biomaterial has been succesfully synthesized using precipitation method with variation of ratio Ca/P and reaction temperature. High incidence of bone destruction in Indonesia led to an increased need for biomaterials as bone substitute forexample is HAp. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the molar ratio of Ca / P and the temperature reaction to hydroxyapatite and characterization of eggshells using AAS and products with XRD, SEM – EDX, and FTIR. Eggshell was calcined at temperature 1000°C to produce calcium oxide (CaO). CaO dissolved in nitric acid (HNO3) to produce Ca(NO3)2 then mixed gently with diammonium hydrogen phosphate was dissolved into aquabidest . HAp produced has ratio Ca/P <1,67. Absorption band of OH-, CO32-, and PO43- groups indicate HAp compounds, but it also contained carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAp) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) group. The morphology of HAp particle have a granular shape. The particle size of HAp is getting smaller with increasing the ratio of Ca/P in the range of 69-53 nm and greater with increasing reaction temperature which ranges from 39-47 nm.                                                                 Keywords : Calcination, eggshell, Hydroxyapatite, precipitation
Fermentasi Nira Nipah Dengan Variasi Kekentalan Untuk Produksi Bioetanol Menggunakan Teknik Amobilisasi Sel Oci Khairani; Syaiful Bahri; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Ethanol consumption of the world for a variety of uses has increased very significantly in recent years. Therefore it is necessary to alternate sources of raw materials to manufacture bioethanol and bioethanol production can be increased. Nipa sap is one of potential materials to be processed into bioethanol. Availability of nypa palm land in Indonesia and a fairly high sugar content (15-20%) makes nipa sap has the potential to be processed into bioethanol. Through the process of fermentation using immobilized yeast which Sacharomyces cereviceae, glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Immobilization in the field of biotechnology is defined as a method used to put in physics or chemistry of a cell into a buffer in the form of solid materials, matrix, or membrane. Fermentation takes place in batches with a volume of 2 liters of fermentation medium, heavy beads 40 grams, initial pH of 5,0. Viscosity variation with the palm sap evaporation of 15%, 20%, 25% and fermentation time 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours. The stirring speed of 200 rpm and temperature of fermentation at room temperature (25 – 30oC). Ethanol concentration was analyzed using Gas Chromatography. The maximum fermentation process is shown in viscosity with 25% evaporation and fermentation time 84 hours with the initial sugar concentration 221,163 mg/ml. Bioethanol concentration obtained under these conditions was 8,010% (v/v) or 63,223 mg/ml.Keywords : Bioethanol, Fermentation, Immobilized, Nipa Sap, Sacharomyces cereviceae
Pengaruh pH Pada Proses Hidrolisis Mikro Alga Chlorella Vulgaris Menjadi Glukosa Menggunakan Enzim Selulase Windy Odelia Putri; Amun Amri; Syelvia Putri Utami
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Microalgae is one of the organisms can be considered as ideal and potential raw material for production of biofuels. Chlorella Vulgaris is a group of green algae that have prospect to be developed. The purpose of this research was to find the effect of pH to enzymatic hydrolysis and obtain the optimum glucose concentration on enzymatic hydrolysis on microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris. Hydrolysis was performed with the variated the conditions of pH was 5, 6, and 7 respectively. Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was diluted using buffer citrat acid and then mixed with cellulase enzyme. Hydrolysis process was carried out for 48 hours at 100 rpm agitation. Result of experiment was tested by using spectrofotometry UV-VIS. The results showed that the increasing of pH will increased the glucose concentration until optimum condition. The optimum glucose concentration was5,35g/L at pH 6.Keyword: cellulase, chlorella vulgaris, enzymatic, glucose, pH.
Pemurnian Bioetanol Hasil Fermentasi Nira Nipah Menggunakan Proses Destilasi-Adsorpsi Pada Variasi Rasio Adsorben Dengan Modifikasi Yuliana, Yuliana; Chairul, Chairul; Yenti, Silvia Reni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Bioethanol is used in the fuel mixture to the vehicle must be anhydrous so as not to cause corrosion in the engine, so that bioethanol should have a grade of 99% -100%. One of the main problems in the process of making bioetanol is the process of separation water with ethanol to get ethanol dry ( 99,95 % ). Purification of ethanol is usually done by distillation, but the distillation process has the disadvantage because of the azeotrope so hard to get dry ethanol. One method that is cheaper and easier is by distillation-adsorption using porous media. This study aims to obtain bioethanol from nypa using distillation purification process-adsorption using bentonite pellets, to obtain comparative data on the adsorption ability of bentonite pellets and data additions optimum starch and characterize the physical properties of bioethanol and qualitative test with GC. This research was conducted in several stages of the preparation of bioethanol, activation of bentonite, bioethanol purification by distillation-adsorption process, and product analysis. Variations of ratio adsorbent: bioethanol 1: 2, 1: 3, and 1: 4, and variations of the addition of starch varied namely 30, 35, 40 and 45% of the weight of bentonite, process temperature 78 °C, the activation of bentonite in physics. From the research results, obtained by the process of distillation-optimum adsorption with activated bentonite adsorbent physics with the addition of 35% starch with a ratio of 1: 2. Ethanol levels increased from 96% to 99.8% volume.Keywords: Bentonite, bioethanol, distilation- adsorption process, nypa, starch
Studi Fluiditas Aluminium Minuman Kaleng Cair Dengan Variasi Temperatur Tuang Dan Ketebalan Rongga Andri Andri; Dedy Masnur
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Pekanbaru has a potential to produce scrap of aluminum beverage cans, it is estimated about 4.5 tons per month in each collectors. Recycling of aluminum cans is still limited to transforming the cans into ingots, to produce an efficient product desing fluidity test as needed. to be examined on fluidity. Qudong method 1999, used in this research with varying pouring temperature; 650oC, 700oC, 750oC, die temperature; 100oC, 200oC, 300oC and cavity thickness; 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm. Fluidity increased with the increasing pouring temperature, with 55.77% at temperature 650oC-700oC and 72.75% at temperature 700oC-750oC. Fluidity increases with cavity thickness, maximum fluidity achieved at temperature 750oC at 4.0 mm with a length of 120 mm and minimum fluidity can be filled with molten metal is at 1.5 mm with a length of 2.67 mm.Keywords: fluidity, molten aluminum cans, pour temperature, cavity thickness.
Karakterisasi Material Kemasan Pulp Cetak Tanpa Perekat Dari Pulp Batang Jagung Muhammad Rifki Aulia Rahman; Warman Fatra; Zuchra Helwani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Molded pulp is an alternative packaging which has renewable and biodegradable properties. The use of molded pulp as packaging material still constrained due to the specific data that describes the characteristics of molded pulp has not widely publicized yet. This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of molded pulp as an alternative packaging material. Cornstalk was selected as raw materials which has abundant availabilty. Molded pulp packaging was manufactured by thermoformed methods. The thermoset nature of lignin in cornstalks would give possibilties in manufacture of molded pulp without using adhesive. The results showed the mechanical characteristics of binderless molded pulp from cornstalk pulp which have tensile index from 17.78 to 35.78 Nm/g, tear index from 9,25 to 26,09 mN.m2/g, and burst index from 0.901 to 1.5 kPa.m2/g. The effects of dependent variables on the mechanical properties of molded pulp were studied by statistical modelling using a polynomial second order. The empirical models were deduced to satisfactorily fit experimental data with the values of independent variables and allow to quantifiying the effects of each variables. The most influential factor on tensile and burst index of molded pulp was temperature of processing. Whereas, the processing pressure has greater influence on tear index of molded pulp.Keywords:material characterization; binderless, molded pulp; mechanical properties; statistical modelling.
Penurunan Kadar Air Madu Dengan Dehidator Vakum Johanes, Johanes; Kurniawan, Iwan; Yohanes, Yohanes
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Vacuum dehydrator is an equipment that use to reduce water content in vacuum condition. The purpose of this experiment is to reduce water content of honey with pressure under 1 atm (vacuum condition) and heated. The heat controlled at 40oC. The experiment was done by reduce pressure until 7,385 kPa. It use time variable, those are 4, 8,12 hours. The result showed that at 12 hours experiment, get the lowest water content of honey is 18,18%. It lowest than 4 hours and 8 hours experiment result. Where initial water content before experiment is 23,2%. For a while, the resultof honey experiment at laboratory showed that water content of honey compactible with Indonesian Standard is less than 22%.Keywords : Vacuum Dehydrator, Honey, Heating Time
Analisis Design For Assembly (DFA) pada Prototipe Mesin Pemisah Sampah Material Ferromagnetik Dan Non Ferromagnetik Arief, Dodi Sofyan; Abidin, Tekad Indra Pradana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Design for assembly is one of systems analysis to assembling components, simultaneously, throughout the products from beginning of process design. As result, obstacles to get assembly could be minimalizing before components production. DFA analysis will be obtaining the value of efficiency on assembly. Through this way, the efficiency value of machine prototype to separating waste, both, ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials can be achieved. Furthermore, efficiency value on assembly of prototype design is 14.22% at 548.47 seconds theoretically. The efficiency value of prototype after production and assembling process on actual condition is 11.83% at 658.88 seconds. The distinction from these efficiency values is caused by difficulty on assembly of the belt roller and sub assembly of base support on motor. As consequences, the time to get assembly will take more time on actual condition rather than theoretically.Keywords : Design For Assembly (DFA), Efisiency Assembly
Analisis Pengaruh Kecepatan Motor Dan Gaya Magnet Terhadap Kapasitas Produksi Pada Prototipe Mesin Pemisah Sampah Material Ferromagnetik Dan Non Ferromagnetik Arief, Dodi Sofyan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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This research aims to analyze the influence of motor velocity and magnetic force upon the production capacity on the centrifuge prototype of the ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic material waste based on the calculation of production capacity, induced magnetic attraction, and the ratio of separated ferromagnetic material with non-ferromagnetic material. The research is experimental research with the numbers of sample ratio of ferromagnetic material waste is 50% and non-ferromagnetic waste is 50%. Based on the conducted tests and calculations, the results are 1) the maximum production on centrifuge prototype of the ferromagnetic metal waste and non-metal is 0.0313 kg/s, 2) the obtained magnetic electricity attraction is 5,75 N, and 3) The amount of ferromagnetic material that mostly separated from the mixture of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic material waste in ferromagnetic tub is when the engine rotation indicates 20 rpm and the magnetic force indicates 4,85 N.Keywords: Belt Conveyor, Magnetic Electricity, Production Capacity
Penambahan Fitur Green Cool-Hot Box Pada Skuter Listrik Tipe Super E-Bike Model Es-009 Berbasis Termoelektrik Mohamad A Muhidin; Awaludin Martin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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The addition of green cool-hot box on the electric scooter that has a cooling feature, require a refrigeration unit that is able to be applied on the electric scooter. Peltier elements selected for use as a cooler in the cool green because of the small box that can be operated on electric scooter box has limited space and can also be operated at a voltage of 12 volts . The design is done in this case is to modify the existing back box on an electric scooter. Peltier element used is type TEC1 12706. The ability of cold side Peltier element is utilized for cooling process in electric scooter box .Lowest temperature green cool box with dissipates heat from the hot side to environment without load of water is 13,8oC . and with a maximum load of 960 ml of water was 20,6oC . Utilization of waste heat from the hot side of the heat sink for space heating will affect the cooling process in the refrigerator. The temperature of the cooling chamber will be increase when compared to the temperatur of the hot side heatsink discharged into the Environment.Kata Kunci : Element Peltier, Termoelectric, Cool-hot box, COP

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