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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengaruh Waktu Detensi Terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan COD Limbah Cair Pulp Dan Kertas dengan Reaktor Kontak Stabilisasi Tasbieh, Hayatrie; Ahmad, Adrianto; Muria, Sri Rezeki
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Every year the production of pulp and paper continued to increase. This resulted in the wastewater produced in large quantities. Characteristics of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the pulp and paper effluent is 3500 mg/L. COD is one of the important parameters in determining the quality of wastewater and measurement of water pollution by organic substances. High value of COD in waste water indicates that the degree ofcontamination at a higher too. Therefore, the pulp and paper wastewater treatment is necessary before it is discharged into waters. COD handling of pulp and paper wastewater can be aerobically by using the stabilization contact reactor. The aim of this study is to set aside the content of COD and determine the effect of detention time on COD removal efficiency and optimum pH of pulp and paper effluent. The results showed that the CODremoval by varying the detention time for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours, the highest COD removal efficiency obtained at 4 hours in the amount of 87.14 % with pH of 8.0. Thissuggests that the stabilization contact reactor is stabilized in removing wastewater COD content of the pulp and paper.Keyword: Aerobic, Provision for the content of COD, Pulp and paper wastewater, Stabilization contact reactor.
Penyisihan Kadar Logam Fe Dan Mn Pada Air Gambut Dengan Pemanfaatan Geopolimer Dari Kaolin Sebagai Adsorben Ade Anggriawan; Edy Saputra; Monita Olivia
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Geopolymer is kind of shyntetic compound that made by syntesizing alumino and silicate, known has similarity with zeolit. In this study eleborate that geopolymer which made by kaolin used for adsorben to remove ion Ferrum and Mangan in peat water by using adsorption process. The influence of ratio alkaline activator to kaolin and adsorbent dosage examined at constant particle size and contact time to analyzed the eficiency of removal Ferum and Mangan by using batch system. The adsorption process of geopolymer by using batch system made of kaolin as an adsorption prove that geopolymer which made by kaolin have excelence ability to removing Ferum and Mangan from peat water.Keyword: Peat water, Geopolymer, Kaolin, Ratio, Ferrum, Mangan
Studi Timbulan, Komposisi Dan Karakteristik Fisika Dan Kimia (Proximate Analysis) Sampah Non Domestik Di Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru Sari, Siti; Yenie, Elvi; Elystia, Shinta
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Increased community activities will increase the amount of waste generated. Tampan District is one of a small town in the city of Pekanbaru can not be separated from tge garbage thing. This research aims to determine the generation, composition and physical characteristics and chemical (proximate analysis) non domestic garbage in Tampan of District Pekanbaru of City and generation data, composition and physical characteristics and chemical (proximate analysis) garbage are indispensable in designing of garbage management system. This research was conducted in 37 places including 19 institutions ( 8 schools, 5 offices and 6 health centers), 11 commercials garbage (6 stores, 1 markets, 2 restaurants and 2 hotels), 1 street sweeping and 6 industrials. Determination of non-domestic garbage generation is performed by interviewing and sampling of garbage at source based methode SNI 19-3964-1994 performed for eight day in a row. The results study of non-domestic generation of Tampan District Pekanbaru City in the amount of 0,38 kg/p/d in of weight unit or 4,13 l/p/d in volume unit. The composition of non domestic Tampan of District Pekanbaru of City solid waste domination of organic waste about 60,94% and anorganic garbage composition of 39,06%. For Physical characteristics such as specific weight is 0,23 kg/l and composition factor is 1,38 litre. The chemical characteristics (proximate analysis) are moisture 26,2%, volatile rate 54,6%, ash rate 9,5% and 10,0% fixed carbon rate.Key words : non domestic solid waste, waste generation composition, physical characteristic, chemical characteristic (proximate analysis).
Pengaruh Aktivasi Dalam Penurunan Kandungan (Pb) Dalam Air Laut Menggunakan Tanah Lempung Sebagai Penukar Ion Hafiz Hafiz; Shinta Elystia; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bengkalis has a characteristic red soil water that people use other alternatives such as the use of rain water as drinking water, seawater however Bengkalis potentially be processed into clean water. One alternative treatment of sea water into fresh water is to use ion exchange method. This study uses an ion exchange method which utilizes clay Kulim. As well as ion exchange column used 2 inch diameter and a height of 1.2 meters. The medium used is activated clay and sea water Bengkalis Island. Variation used is acid solution HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 with each solution concentration 2M and clay without activation as a control. Used detention time is 180 minutes, while the clay size -10+15 mesh. From the results, the highest efficiency in H2SO4 activated clay with an efficiency of 95.2% Pb concentration of 1.201 mg/L to 0.058 mg/L. When in comparison with clean water quality standard Pb concentration in sea water not meet quality standards. Then calculated the value of the clay CEC and CEC highest value obtained is 124.16 meq/g on activated clay H2SO4 These results indicate that the ion exchange method using activated clays are capable of removing Pb and Ca concentrations in seawater.Keywords: Acid Solution, Ion Exchange, Kulim Activated Clay Soil, Sea Water of Bengkalis
Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Sawit Off Grade Menggunakan Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Sebagai Katalis Pada Tahap Transesterifikasi Romie Zulfadli; Zuchra Helwani; Syaiful Bahri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Indonesia has big amount of natural zeolite reserve which is spread in Sumatra, Java and Borneo. It can be utilized as catalyst in transesterification step to produce biodiesel from off grade palm fruit. This research aims to produce biodiesel from low quality raw material and determine the effectiveness of the process by looking at the process conditions effect such as temperature, methanol/oil molar ratio and catalyst concentration on the yield of biodiesel. Biodiesel production from off grade palm oil is done with two step reactions, that is esterification and transesterification. The esterification step is done to reduce free fatty acid (FFA) concentration till <2% as condition in transesterification step. Esterification step use H2SO4 as catalyst, whereas modified zeolite with KOH solution use in transesterification step. Both of process are done in three-neck flask, using magnetic stirrer and condenser. FFA concentration from raw material can be reduce from 11,32% to 0,989% in esterification step with 12:1 methanol/oil ratio, 60 oC temperature and 1%-wt catalyst concentration. Biodiesel with highest yield from transesterification step is 95,84% at 60 oC temperature, 8:1 methanol/oil ratio and 7,36% catalyst concentration. The result of research furthermore processed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine the effect of process condition toward biodiesel yield. Based on P-value analysis, process conditions that have real effect to the response (biodiesel yield) are temperature and catalyst concentration. Keywords :  Biodiesel, Esterification, Natural Zeolite, Off Grade Palm Fruit, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Transesterification.
Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi Dan Rasio Mol Asam Oleat Dengan Isopropanol Pada Sintesa Plastisizer Isopropil Oleat Joni Miharyono; Irdoni HS; Nirwana Nirwana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Diversity of palm oil product in Indonesia is still limited, therefore it is needed to take an advantage of the development of downstream product of crude palm oil by esterification reaction. Esterification reaction is a reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol to form ester. One of the emerging downstream product fatty acid alkyl ester is plasticizer. Plasticizer is an additive compound added to polymer to improve flexibility and workability. In this study, plasticizer was synthesized by esterification of oleic acid and isopropanol, using activated natural zeolite catalyst. The process was done with a variation of reaction time (4 hours, 6 hours, and 8 hours) and mole ratio (1: 6, 1: 9, and 1:12), with reaction temperature at  80  oC,  stirring speed at 200 rpm and 15% of composition of oleic acid based catalyst as fixed variables. From the analysis of the results showed that the esterification reaction time and mole ratio affect the product conversion. The best operating condition obtained  in this research was 4 hours of reaction time and 1:12 of mole ratio which resulted the conversion of reaction was 67.09%. Characteristics of plasticizer produced from this research were viscosity (at 20 oC) 2.405 to 2.803 mPa.s and Specific Gravity (at 20 oC) from 0.863 to 0.872.  Keyword: Plasticizer, Esterification, Oleic Acid, Isopropanol, H-Zeolit
Pengaruh Rasio Molar Dan Komposisi Katalis H-Zeolit Pada Pembuatan Plastisizer Dari Minyak Limbah Ikan Patin dengan Butanadiol Sari, Novita Aprilia Maya; HS, Irdoni; Nirwana, Nirwana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Catfish waste can be processed into fat or fish oil that can be used as a source of raw material for plasticizers with the trans-esterification reaction. Transesterification reaction is a reaction between oils (triglycerides) with the alcohol that produces Fatty acid alkyl esters. Products that include the type of fatty acid alkyl ester is a plasticizer. Plasticizer additive compound that is added to hard or rigid resin can improve the flexibility and workability. In this study, the plasticizer is synthesized by transesterification of waste oil catfish and butanediol, using natural zeolite catalyst activated. The process is done with a variety of molar ratio (1: 2, 1: 4, and 1: 6) and H-zeolite catalyst composition (10%, 15%, and 20%) of waste oil based ikana catfish, with a fixed variable reaction temperature 145- 1500C, stirring speed of 200 rpm and reaction time of 6 hours. From the analysis of the results shows that the transesterification and the molar ratio of H-zeolite catalyst composition affects the conversion of the resulting product. The highest operating conditions obtained in this study is the molar ratio of 1: 4 and H-zeolite catalyst composition of 15% which resulted in the conversion reaction of 25.35%. Characteristics plasticizer generated in this study are Viscosity (200 C) 0.910 mPa.s and Specific Gravity (200 C) 0.918.   Keywords: Plasticizer, Trans-esterification, Waste Oil Catfish, Butanediol, H-Zeolite
Pengaruh Molaritas Dan Rasio Aktivator Pada Geopolimer Untuk Pengolahan Air Gambut Kartika Pratama Syafitri; Edy Saputra; Lita Darmayanti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Peat water is the brownish red water that come from the surface of peat soil with high organic content, pH 2-5, and low harness level. Geopolymer is the silicate alumina inorganic compound which synthesized by some materials such as fly ash, kaolin and rice husk ash. The chemical composition like zeolite, that structurally composed from macromolecules chain which consist of silicon atomics, aluminium, and oxygen. This research make use of geopolymer from kaolin as the adsorbent which reduced color, organic content, and increasing pH of peat water with Permenkes No.416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990. In the research make use of molarity variation NaOH 10, 12, 14, 16 M and activator ratio 0,4, 0,5, 0,6 at geopolymer to treatment peat water. The result of this research is treatment peat water with geopolymer 16 M – 0,6 that capable to make pH (become) 6,8, color (integrity) 0 Pt-Co and organic content 3,16 mg/L KMnO4.Keyword: Peat water, geopolymer, molarity, activator ratio, color, organic content, pH
Efisiensi Penyisihan COD Dan Pembentukan Biogas Dalam Pengolahan Sludge IPAL Industri Pulp And Paper Dengan Menggunakan Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerobik Dwi Mina Intan Permadi; Adrianto Ahmad; Shinta Elystia
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Sludge waste paper processing industry has a COD concentration reached 45,000 mg / L. When discharged directly into the water, it can pollute the environment because of the quality standards set by the government through KEPMEN LH No. 51 1995 which is the COD of 350 mg / L. This study aimed to reduce levels of COD in wastewater using an anaerobic bioreactor hybrid combining two patterns of growth of the microorganisms suspended on the insulated and attached growth media using the stones as cell immobilization. This study took place in four stages. The first stage is the seeding done by adding 200 mL of waste and provides nitrogen every day and lasts for 10 days. The second stage is using the method of acclimatization waste and dispose of the liquid contents of 200 mL and restocked with a substrate of 200 mL per day. The third stage is a start-up using the substrate that enter into the inlet tank, then the feed flows rate of 4L / day flow through the inlet pipe so that the entry into the reactor, the suspension in the reactor will be decomposed by microorganisms resulting in the formation of biogas. The fourth sage anaerobic bioreactor hybrid continuous with variable feed flow rate is 20 L / day, 10 L / day, 6.67 L / day, 5 L / day, 4 L / day, with a working volume of the bioreactor 20 L / day. The results showed that the removal efficiency of each flow rate was 94.44%, 94.44%, 94.44%, 94.44%, and 94.44% respectively and the average biogas production reached 1153,95 mL. Thus the hybrid bioreactor be one of the alternatives that can be used in treating wastewater which has quite high organic content.Keywords: Anaerobic bioreactor hybrid, rock, sewage, COD, biogas formation.
Efisiensi Penyisihan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Limbah Cair Pabrik Sagu Menggunakan Bioreaktor Hibrid Anaerob Dua Tahap Dengan Variabel Laju Pembebanan Organik Sartunus, Phivi Andriza; Ahmad, Adrianto; Syarfi, Syarfi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Sago industry has the potential to pollute the environment. This is because the concentration of COD contained in the sago industry environment quality standard that exceeds 55,000 mg / L. One way to lower the COD concentration is by using a hybrid anaerobic bioreactor two stages. The purpose of this study was to remove COD and determine the highest COD removal efficiency in wastewater treatment sago tunak Volume working conditions hybrid anaerobic bioreactor two stages used in this study was 10 L to 20 L the first stage bioreactor and the second stage in the bioreactor with variations of organic loading rate is 27.50 kgCOD / m3hari the first bioreactor and organic loading rate of 7.86 kgCOD / m3hari; 11 kgCOD / m3hari; 18.33 kgCOD / m3hari on the second stage bioreactor. Each organic loading rate is operated until steady state based on the data obtained COD. The results showed that most of COD removal efficiency was obtained in the operation of the organic loading rate of 27.50 kgCOD / m3hari amounted to 87.88% in the first stage bioreactor and organic loading rate of 7.86 kgCOD / m3hari amounted to 93.94% in the second stage bioreactor. The system of hybrid anaerobic bioreactor two stages mediated phase of this stone can be used as a technology that is used for treating wastewater effectively and efficiently sago.Keywords: anaerobic bioreactor hybrid, COD, sago wastewater, two stages.

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