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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)" : 10 Documents clear
Cross-Pollination Produces Arabica Coffee Beans with Higher Caffeine and Lower Fatty Acid Dian Anggria Sari; Ramadhani Eka Putra
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.02

Abstract

Studies showed that cross-pollination also affect fruits and green bean coffee quantity and quality yet study on this subject in Indonesia rarely found. This study focused on assessing the pollination effect of fruit quality and beans in terms of size, weight, physical defect, and content of caffeine and fatty acid. During this study, Tetragonula laeviceps, indigenous stingless bees, were applied as a pollination agent to be compared to open pollination. The result showed that open pollination produced bigger beans (16.73ab±1.57 X 14.66a±1.48 mm) with higher caffeine (18.22%) and lower fatty acid (41,86%), while application of T. laeviceps produced slightly heavier beans (0.22 gram). Besides producing higher caffeine and lower fatty acid, cross-pollination services mainly required wild pollinators, although T. laeviceps could act as a potential replacement or for the inundation of this service.
Quality Profile of Riparian Zone and Vegetation Quality in Amprong River, Tumpang District Based on QBR index and NDVI Hamdani Dwi Prasetyo; Majida Ramadhan
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.07

Abstract

Riparian zones provide ecosystem services depending on the quality of riparian vegetation and vegetation health. The role of riparian vegetation was determined by the total cover, cover structure, vegetation cover quality, and channel alteration of the riparian zone. Vegetation health was to determine the condition of the riparian zone of the Amprong river. In determining the quality of the riparian zone and the quality of the vegetation, it is done by observing the riparian zone of the Amprong river. The results of field observations were analyzed using the QBR index. Vegetation quality was also observed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The quality profile of the Amprong river riparian zone is in the medium category, while stations 4.2 and 4.3 are in a good category. The good category is obtained from the high total cover dam cover structure value. Meanwhile, the low QBR value is caused by the value of disturbance in the riparian zone in the form of agricultural activities, community settlements, garbage, land conversion to permanent buildings in the riparian zone. The size of the tree canopy at several stations has an impact on the QBR index value. Vegetation connectivity to rivers also helps in maintaining the quality of the riparian zone. Vegetation health on a scale of 0.012 to 0.371 indicates that the sampling site is in good condition. However, this condition will worsen if there is pressure from human activities. Sustainable management is needed by improving the quality of vegetation and reducing disturbance to the riparian zone.
Inventarisasi Berilustrasi Siput Laut (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) Di Selat Sempu, Indonesia Anthon Andrimida
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.03

Abstract

Kawasan Indo-Pasifik merupakan pusat keanekaragaman siput laut Heterobranchia yang paling tinggi. Meski demikian, detail dari persebaran spesies dari kelompok hewan ini masih belum banyak diketahui. Di Indonesia sendiri, kajian mengenai persebaran spesies siput laut Heterobranchia masih dititikberatkan di kawasan Indonesia Timur, sementara kajian mengenai persebarannya di wilayah Indonesia Barat masih sangat terbatas. Di Selat Sempu, keberadaan siput laut Heterobranchia masih belum banyak dikaji secara ilmiah. Sejauh ini, keberadaan hewan ini di Selat Sempu hanya diketahui melalui koleksi pribadi para fotografer bawah laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kekayaan spesies siput laut di Selat Sempu disertai dengan gambar dan anotasi, sehingga kedepannya penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan informasi kegiatan makrofotografi bawah air maupun sebagai perbandingan identifikasi siput laut Heterobranchia dalam penelitian selanjutnya. Sebanyak 35 survei sporadik dilaksanakan dalam kurun waktu Oktober 2017 hingga Juli 2019 pada sebelas titik penyelaman di Selat Sempu. Dalam survei ini, ditemukan 45 spesies siput laut Heterobranchia, dimana 35 spesies berasal dari ordo Nudibranchia, enam spesies dari ordo Aplysiida (Anaspidea), dua spesies dari ordo Cephalaspidea, dan dua spesies dari superordo Sacoglossa. Survei awal ini diharapkan dapat mendorong penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai siput laut Heterobranchia di perairan Selat Sempu dan sekitarnya.
Review: Regulation of Phytohormones and Environmental Stresses to Increase the Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites Selis Meriem
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.08

Abstract

Secondary metabolites are synthesized by plants when subjected to abiotic and biotic stresses as a defense mechanism and play an ecologically vital role both as pollination attractants and as repellents. These compounds are not essential for the process of growth and development but provide a significant impact on human welfare in various aspects as pharmaceuticals and therapeutics, aroma and taste, biopesticides, and agrochemicals. This natural product has high economic and commercial value, so it is important to explore it along with the increasing needs of consumers and industry at a large scale. Various extensive studies were carried out to improve and increase the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites. One of the strategies adopted in this review is the role of exogenous phytohormones in triggering the production of important secondary metabolites based on their classification, namely terpenoids, phenols, and flavonoids, as well as alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds. Bioregulators work as elicitors to induce the production of secondary metabolites through up-regulation of specific gene expression. In some cases, the application of phytohormones combined with exposure to extreme abiotic stresses showed overexpression of secondary metabolite synthesis compared to treatment with only those subjected to phytohormone. The abiotic stress of irradiation, UV-B, temperature, drought, ultrasonic, salinity, and metal stress was discussed in this study. Oxidative conditions under environmental changes trigger the plant to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce various secondary metabolites as part of the regulation of antioxidant systems. Micropropagation of medicinal plants by the addition of exogenous growth regulators could enhance the production and accumulation of important secondary metabolites.
Neopestalotiopsis zimbabwana Isolated from Xylaria Stromata Rudy Hermawan; Rena Rifki Safitri; Muhamad Raffel Sidiq
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.04

Abstract

Neopestalotiopsis is one of pestalotioid fungi. Neopestalotiopsis has versicolourous in the third cell (median cell). This genus is identified as pathogenic and endophytic fungi in the plant. Neopestalotiopsis strain X1 was isolated from Xylaria stromata assumed as endophytic fungi. The surface sterilization was conducted, then isolated into PDA (1/2 receipt of potato dextrose). The morphology was observed in a fresh PDA medium. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified for the Large Subunit region. A phylogenetic tree was built using RAxML Black Box. The morphology showed that the five cells in a conidium were an appearance with the black color of the septate in the third cell (median cell). The appendage on the basal cell was only a single tubular appendage. The appendage on the apical was two until three tubular appendages. The phylogenetic tree showed that Neopestalotiopsis strain X1 was Neopestalotiopsis zimbabwana. The sequence was deposited into GenBank as MW422813. This study was the first report for Neopestalotiopsis species isolated from micro-mushroom (Xylaria stromata).
Ethnobotany Medicinal Plants of Dawan Ethnic in North Central Timor Regency Noviana Mery Obenu; Emilia Juliyanti Bria
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.09

Abstract

The use of medicinal plants is still maintained for generations by the Dawan Tribe in North Central Timor Regency. The loss of knowledge about the use of plants as an alternative treatment of various diseases used by local communities can be caused by the impact of modernization. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the process of documenting this knowledge. The purpose of this research is to take an inventory of medicinal plants, to know the plant organs used for medicine and how to use the medicine. The method used in this study is a qualitative description method, with several field data collection techniques and identification of medicinal plant species. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and exploration. The results of this study indicate that there are 44 species of medicinal plants used, from 25 plant families. The medicinal plant family with a high number of species is the Zingiberaceae family (13.6%). Based on the habitus, 44 species of medicinal plants used consisted of 23 species from trees, 2 species from lianas, 9 species from herbs, 7 species from shrubs, and 3 species from shrubs. In addition, based on plant organs the most widely used as medicine out of 44 plant species, namely the part of the leaf organ (23.91%). Meanwhile, based on the method of use of the 44 species of plants used for medicinal ingredients, the method of drinking has the highest percentage (33.33%) and is usually practiced by the Dawan Tribe.
Characterization Of Local Garlic (Allium sativum L.) In North Central Timor Regency Based On Phenotypic And Genotypic Characters Polikarpia Wilhelmina Bani; Bernadina Metboki
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.05

Abstract

Phenotypic and genotypic characters a source of superior character in the framework of plant breeding programs, especially in increasing local food yields and productivity. In this study, local cultivars of garlic from Eban, North Central Timor (TTU) were used. A total of 15 phenotypic characters were observed, and threeISSR primers were used to identify the phenotypic and genotypic characters. The phenotype characterization showed the similarities in most of the characters observed. The tuber characters showed some differences in tuber diameter (2.5 cm and 1.9 cm), the number of cloves (14 and 10 cloves), tuber weight (11.28 g and 5.18 g), weight of cloves (0.89 g and 0.45 g) for local garlic from Saenam and Fatuneno, respectively. A total of ninepolymorphic bands and 17 monomorphic bands from threeprimers Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) were detected. The coefficient of similarity of two groups based on genotypic characters was 0.65% - 1%. This study concluded that the two local Eban garlic varieties were different based on morphology and ISSR data.  However, phenotypically there were differences in the size of the tubers and cloves, the number of cloves per tuber, and the weight of the cloves.
Pemecahan Dormansi Umbi Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L. var. granola) Menggunakan Larutan Giberelin (GA3) dan Benzil Amino Purin (BAP) Wirian Febry Arisda; Retno Mastuti
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.10

Abstract

Tahap dormansi umbi kentang berpeluang menghambat budidaya kentang karena umbi yang baru dipanen tidak bisa langsung ditanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perendaman umbi kentang pada larutan GA3 dan BAP terhadap periode pemecahan dormansi umbi maupun pertumbuhan tunas kentang (S. tuberosum L. var. granola). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 3 faktor, yaitu umbi (A: utuh dan irisan), giberelin GA3 (B: 0, 50, 100, dan 200 ppm), dan sitokinin BAP (C: 0, 50, 100, dan 200 ppm). Umbi kentang berukuran M yang telah dicuci bersih direndam dalam fungisida selama 3 detik kemudian ditiriskan. Sebagian umbi dibiarkan utuh dan sebagian lainnya diiris menjadi dua bagian. Umbi utuh dan irisan direndam ke dalam larutan GA3 dan BAP tunggal maupun kombinasi sesuai perlakuan selama 30 menit, selanjutnya umbi diletakkan di ruang gelap. Parameter yang diamati selama 59 hari yaitu waktu muncul tunas, akhir periode dormansi, jumlah tunas yang dihasilkan umbi, dan panjang tunas. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, Uji T dan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umbi irisan mampu memecahkan dormansi lebih cepat (10 HSP) dibanding umbi utuh (16 HSP). Umbi yang direndam pada larutan GA3 50 ppm dan GA3 100 ppm mampu bertunas lebih cepat yaitu 10 HSP. Jumlah tunas yang dihasilkan hingga 59 HSP pada umbi irisan lebih banyak (66,9%) dibanding umbi utuh (34,7%). Umbi irisan yang direndam dalam larutan GA3 maupun BAP mampu menumbuhkan tunas lebih panjang (19,4 mm) daripada umbi utuh yang direndam GA3 maupun BAP (3,6 mm). Rata-rata tunas terpanjang (19,4 mm) dihasilkan pada umbi irisan yang direndam dalam larutan GA3 tunggal 100 ppm
Plants Potential of Green and Open Space Planning (RTH) to Mitigate CO2 Gas Emission in Ambon Frenly Marvi Selano; Ris Hadi Purwanto; Probo Santoso
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.01

Abstract

The urbanization rate may give an adverse effect on a city. For example, it accrues the number of urban dwellers and induces the exploitation of land resources with a quick conversion rate, which leads to the degradation of the quality of the environment. This condition is exacerbated by deescalated green and open spaces (RTH) as a CO2 absorber. CO2 emissions in urban regions can be mitigated by exerting trees, which have a pivotal role in carbon uptake. This research imparts an analysis of plant species that are potential for absorbing carbon and storing biomass in green and open spaces in Ambon. The research method is quantitative by estimating biomass and carbon uptake of trees. Results indicate that trembesi (Samanea saman), linggua (Pterocarpus indicus), mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla), bintanggur (Calophyllum inophyllum), and kerai payung (Filicium decipiens) are typical trees planted in Ambon. The highest CO2 uptake capacity (B = 110.95 tons/ha, CO2 = 191.38 tons/ha) is identified in Trembesi (Samanea Saman), linggua (Pterocarpus indicus), the second-highest with a B = 61.66 tons/ha and CO2 = 106.36 tons/ha, and Akasia (Acacia mangium), the third-highest with a B = 25.24 tons/ha and CO2 = 41.69 tons/ha
Assessment of The Various Type of Mangrove Areas by Avifaunal Diversity and Community in Tamban Beach, Sumbermanjing Wetan, East Java Agus Nurrofik; Achmad Dadang Burhanuddin; Lutfita Fitriana; Luchman Hakim; Nia Kurniawan
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.06

Abstract

The restoration effort in Tamban Beach may reflect the role services of mangroves as suitable habitats for those surrounding diversity, especially on avifauna. Here we assess the diversity and community of avifaunal throughout types of mangrove ecosystems. We surveyed the avifaunal within four stations (i.e., natural mangrove area, restored mangrove area since 2009 and 2014, and degraded mangrove area) in Tamban Beach, Sumbermanjing Wetan, East Java during March 2021 using Audiovisual Encounter Survey (AES) methods. We present the statistic descriptive analysis of α-diversity index (taxa diversity, dominance index, Simpson’s index, Evenness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Brillouin index, and Margalef species richness) as diversity assessment also conservation status of each species. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to investigate the community variation within each site. We found 38 species from 22 families and 11 orders of avifaunal across the sites. The diversity of avifauna was high in a degraded area due to the mixture of habitats, although the natural and restored area yields some specialists. The type of mangroves might not be the sole factor affecting the avifauna diversity correlation, highlighting the importance of conservation strategies in the area.

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