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INDONESIA
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
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Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 123 Documents
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The Effectiveness of the Leaf Extract of Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk) as Dengue Antiviral In Vitro Yani Dwi Pratiwi; Leli Saptawati; Siti Marufah
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever is one of a serious disease in the world because it can cause death. During all these years, DHF in Indonesia only treated by symptomatic and supportive therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Jati Belanda leafs extracts as antiviral dengue in vitro. Methods: The method used is pure experimental research and the research design method is post test only control group design. The subject is dengue virus serotype 2 strain New GuineaC (DENV2 NGC) obtained from the Laboratory of Virology and Molecular Biology Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesiaand this research was started from June until November 2016. The independent variables in this study is the concentration of Jati Belanda leafs extracts obtained from Pharmaceutical Laboratory of Faculty Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University and dependent variable are infectivity value and viability value. The collected data are presented in tables. Results:In concentration 40 g/ml, the infectivity value is 12.6% and the viability value is 91.4%. Conclusions: The leaf extracts of Jati Belanda is potentially effective as antiviral dengue. Keywords: dengue, Jati Belanda extract, antivirus, DHF
Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Buah Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava Linn) terhadap Kerusakan Histologis Ginjal Mencit yang Diinduksi Asetaminofen Prisca Priscilla; . Suyatmi; Yulia Sari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Red guava fruit (Psidium guajava Linn) contains various of antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, E, minerals Fe, Zn, Se, flavonoids, and lycopene, which they were thought to have nephroprotective effect. The objective of this research was to evaluate the preventive effect of red guava fruit ethanolic extract on tubular renal damage induced by acetaminophen on mice. Methods: Samples were twenty eight male mice, Swiss webster strain, 2-3 months old age and + 20 gram of each weight. Sample divided into 4 groups, each group consists of seven mice. The negative (KK(-)) and positive control group (KK(+)) mice were given aquadest for 14 days. The other group of mice were given red guava fruit ethanolic extract with the dose of 35 mg/20 g body weight of mice (KP1) and the last group of mice were given red guava fruit ethanolic extract with the dose of 70 mg/20 g body weight (KP2) for 14 days. Acetaminophen was given to groups of KK(+), KP1, and KP2. The 15th day, mice were sacrificed and histological preparation were made to evaluate histological damage on rens. Renal histological features were assessed by counting the number of tubular epithelial undergoing pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test (? = 0.05) and then were continued with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD) test (? = 0.05). Results: The mean renal histological damage score was significantly higher on group KK(+)= 40.50+1.991, while the group of KK(-)= 8.93+1.720 as the less. The group of KP2 had fewer numbers of renal histological damage (17.96+1.621) compared to the KP1 group (25.36+1.929). The results of One-Way ANOVA and LSD test showed that there was significant difference between the four groups (p = 0.000). Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of red guava fruit showed nephroprotective effect to the renal histological damage of mice which was induced by acetaminophen. Red guava fruit ethanolic extract with the dose of 70 mg/20 g body weight of mice showed a higher nephroprotective effect than the dose of 35 mg/20 g body weight of mice. Keywords: ethanolic extract, red guava, acetaminophen, renal histological, mice.
The Effect of Indonesian Bayleafs [Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp] Ethanol 70% Extract Granule to the Mortality of Anopheles aconitus Larvae Muhamad Dwi Heriansyah; Sutartinah Sri Handayani; Novianto Adi Nugroho
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Due to the high rate of malaria incidence in Indonesia and antimalaria drugs resistance causes increment of mortality and morbidity rate for the patients. Most people to cope with the situation, tend to use larvicide to manage the vector but in the process it face some difficulity that not only it can harm the environment but also tend to develop resistance. This research will focus to find an alternative larvicide made by plant to substitute the synthetic larvicide. This research tries to determine the effect of Indonesian bayleaf granule extract to the mortality of Anopheles aconitus larvae. Methods: This research used laboratory experimental design with the post test only control group design. This experiment was used Indonesian Bayleafs [Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp] granule ethanol extract as larvicide against Anopheles aconitus larvae. Larvae were divided into 9 groups, each group contains 25 larvaes. For the negative control group 100 ml aquadest was used. The other 8 groups which 1 group with 3500 mg dextrin was added, and 7 group with different granule concentration (1700 mg, 2100 mg, 2500 mg, 2900 mg, 3300 mg, 3700 mg, 4100 mg). This research conducted with 4 times replication based on WHO guideline. The observation was held after 24 hours the experiment are conducted, and then the number of dead larvae was counted. The data was analysed with ANOVA, LSD and Probit test. Results: ANOVA test, LSD, was used to analyse the data it showed that there are significant difference of larvae mortality between the experimental group. Probit test that was also used showed that the LC50 is is 2,005.3 mg/100 ml and the LC99 is 7,730.41 mg/100 ml. Conclusion: There was effect of Indonesian bayleaf [Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp] granule ethanol extract to the mortality of Anopheles aconitus. The LC50 is 2,005.3 mg/100 ml and the LC99 is 7,730.41 mg/100 ml. Keyword: granules, Indonesian bayleaf extract, Anopheles aconitus larvae, mortality
Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Tempe Kedelai pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Elanda Rahmat Arifyanto; S. Bambang Widjokongko; Ipop Sjarifah
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Soybean tempeh is known to contain various kinds of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B2, saponins, isoflavones, phytic acid, lecithin, iron, and phytosterol. Antioxidants are thought to be hepatoprotective. The objective of this research is to know the influence of soybean tempeh extract to the liver histological damage of mice (Mus musculus) and the increase of soybean tempeh extract dose can also increase protection effect to the liver histological damage of mice (Mus musculus) which is induced by paracetamol. Methods: This was laboratory experimental research with the post test only controlled group design. Samples were 32 male mice, Swiss webster type, 2-3 months old age and 20 g of each weight. Samples were divided into 4 groups of 8 mice each. Sampling technique used in this research was incidental sampling. Mice for control group (K) and P1 group will be given aquadest for 14 days in a row. The P2 and P3 group will be given soybean tempeh extracts dose for 14 days in a row. Soybean tempeh extracts dose in each group was 2.2 mg/20 g weight of mice and 4.4 mg/20 g weight of mice. Paracetamol will be given to P1, P2, and P3, with dose 5 mg/20g weight of mice on the 12th to 14th days. On the 15th day, hepar of mice was taken and stainned with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) for histopathological study. The hepar cells of mice were observedmicroscopically by counting the number of necrosis cells on the centrolobuler zone. The data were analyzedby Oneway ANOVA test and Post Hoc test (?=0.05). Results:The average damage of hepar cells in the K, P1, P2, P3 were 20.75 1.58; 85.00 2.98; 43.75 2.92; 31.002.00consecutively. The results of Oneway ANOVA test showed a significant difference in all group (p < 0.05). The results of Post Hoc test showed significant differences between K P1, K P2, K P3, P1 P2, P1 P3, and P2 P3 with p < 0.05. Conclusion: The soybean tempeh extracts can prevent the histological damage of the hepar cells of mice (Mus musculus) and the increase of soybean tempeh extracts dose followed by the increase of protection effect to the liver cell damaging of mice which is induced by paracetamol. Key words: soybean tempeh extract, paracetamol, liver histological damaging.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Liliaceae FamilyPhytochemicals to Estrogen Receptor ? on Breast Cancer Compared to Genistein Bryan Pandu Permana; Riza Novierta Pesik; Fikar Arsyad Hakim
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the second highest cancer incidence in the world with 1.7 million women were diagnosed in 2012. Interaction between estrogen and estrogen receptor ? (ER?) have an important role in cancer progressivity and resistancy to chemotherapy. Genistein is one of the phytoestrogen that has selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) activity so it can inhibit the activity of estrogen receptor ? (ER?) on the breast cancer. Other phytochemicals are expected to have more affinity to ER? than genistein. Anticancer activity of Liliaceae family phytochemicals have been found but its inhibition to ER? is unknown. This research analyzes the interaction between Liliaceae phytochemicals to ER? by molecular docking technique. Method: This research is bioinformatics observational research that observed the interaction between Liliaceae phytochemicals to ER?. The molecular docking analysis was performed using PLANTS 1.1, preparation program MarvinSkecth 5.2 and YASARA 10.1. Visualization of the molecular docking was performed using PyMOL 1.3. Results: Six substances have lower docking score than genistein (-79.21). Those are spiraeoside (-84.80), stigmasterol (-84.28), cyanin (-83.79), beta-sitosterol (-82.81), progesterone (-82.68) and idaein (-82.22). Spiraeoside, cyanin, and idaein have one or more hydrogen bond to ER? in visualization. The six substances bind ER? on four same amino acids that bindgenistein, those are Trp383, Leu525, Met528, and Cys530. Conclusio: Molecular docking analysis of Liliaceae phytochemicals found six substances that have higher affinity to ER? than genistein with three substances have hydrogen bond and similar structure to the genistein. Keyword: Breast Cancer, Estrogen Receptor ?, Genistein, Liliaceae Family Phytochemical, Molecular Docking.
Indonesian Pythochemical as Erythropoietin Agonist In Sillico to Treatment Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Muhammad Rizki Kamil; Yuliana Heri Suselo; R. Aj Sri Wulandari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Anemia is the most frequent complication in CKD and until now the its treatment still hampered effectiveness and efficiency. Indonesia is known to have 9,600 species of plants that have a pharmacological effect and some compounds have been created for 3D structures and databases. Molecular docking is beginning of the process of the invention the drug most widely used. This study aims to screen Indonesian herbal plant that has activity as an agonist of erythropoietin receptor for treatment of anemia in CKD development with molecular docking method. Methods: The research was a bioinformatics study which utilized all phytochemicals in HerbalDB that had PubChem access code and met the criteria for Lipinski's rule of five as sample. The complex of Epo-EpoR was obtained from the Protein Data Bank, code: 1CN4. Validation of truncated Epo with EpoR needed to get docking scores and binding site at EpoR. Molecular docking between phytochemical compounds with EpoR models was done using AutodockVina 1.1.2. Visualization of docking results was done using PyMOL 1.7.4. Results: There are 12 phytochemicals that have 10 of 17 in common EpoR binding site. There are seven of them met the criteria phytochemical Lipniski's rule of five and then two phytochemicals are selected which has the most variation binding site to EpoR, 18 sites. GibberellinA51 and Miraxanthin-III were two selected phytochemicals of the most potentially as EpoR agonist based on analysis of docking scores, binding site similarity with truncated Epo, and Lipinski's rule of five criterias. Conclussion: GibberellinA51 and Miraxanthin-III were the most potent Indonesian phytochemicals that could be a EpoR agonist to development of treatment anemia in CKD. Keywords: Anemia, CKD, EpoR agonists, Indonesian phytochemicals, molecular docking
The Effect of Propolis Ethanolic Extract on the degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke . ismael; Diding Hery Prasetyo; Riza Novierta Pesik
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: The Propolis ethanolic extract contains a variety of potent antioxidants, especially flavonoids and Caffeic Acid Phenylethyl Ester (CAPE). Flavonoids have a very strong antioxidant effect against free radicals capable of cigarettes. Meanwhile, CAPE is a potent inhibitor of Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB). Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB) is an essential mediator of inflammation. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis can reduce the degree of lung damage of mice induced by cigarette smoke. Methods: This was a laboratory experimental research the posttest only control group design. Samples were twenty five mices Swiss Webster type (age 2-3 months; weight 20-30 gram) divided into 5 groups, each group has five mices. Mices for Control Group (KK) and Induction Group (KI) were administered by aquadest. While, the first Treatment Group (KP1), the second Treatment Group (KP2) and the third Treatment Group (KP3) were administered propolis ethanolic extract by dose 5.6 mg/20 g weight of mice, 11.2 mg/20 g weight of mice, and 16.8 mg/20 g weight of mice respectively. All groups except KK, were induced by smoke of one cigarette stick per day before extract administration. This research was done for 14 days. On day 15th, the mice were killed and lung organ was isolated and prepared histologically using paraffin method and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE). The Data were analyzed by using Kruskall Wallis (? = 0.05) and continued by Mann Whitney (? = 0,05). Results: The results of Kruskall Wallis test showed that there was significant difference between five-groups. Mann Whitney test results showed there was significant difference between grups of KK-KI, KI-KP1, KI-KP2,KI-KP3, KP1-KP2,KP1-KP3 and KP2-KP3. Conclusion: Propolis ethanolic extract decreasethe degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke. Keywords: Propolis ,cigarette smoke, degree of lung damage, mice.
The Effect of Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia mangostana L) Extract Against Mice (Mus musculus) Kidney Cell Damage Induced by Paracetamol Namira Qisthina; Bambang Widjokongko; Sigit Setyawan
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L) contains antioxidant such as xanthone core, ?-mangostin, ?-mangostin, ?- mangostin, and garcinone which is thought to be nefroprotector. This study is aimed to investigate the mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L) extracts nefroprotector effect against mice (Mus musculus) kidney cell damage induced by Paracetamol. Methods: This is an experimental laboratory study with post test only controlled group design. Swiss Webster mice weighing around 20 g were selected as sample. Those mice were divided into 4 groups randomly, each group consist of 7 mice. Incidential sampling was used as a sampling technique. Mice in control group (KK) and first treatment group (KP1) were given aquades, while second treatment group (KP2) and third treatment group (KP3) were given 10 mg and 15 mg of mangosteen peel extract respectively. KP1, KP2, and KP3 were given 0.1 ml paracetamol on the 8th, 9th, and 10th day of the treatment. Mice were sacrificed on 4th day and the kidneys were made into preparate using paraffin block and HE staining method. Histological kidney cells were assesed by the sum of pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis cells. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA test continued by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD). Result: One-Way ANOVAs test result showed a significant differences between four groups. LSDs test result showed a significant differences between KK-KP1, KK-KP2, KK-KP3,KP1- KP2, KP1- KP3, KP2-KP3. Conclusion: Mangosteen peel extract can prevent mices kidney cell damage induced by parasetamol. Keywords: Mangosteen peel extract, parasetamol, mices kidney cell damage
Anthelmintic Effect of Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) Ethanolic Extract on Ascaris suum Goeze In Vitro Okky Dhevi Safitri; Paramasari Dirgahayu; Sri Haryati
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) contain trans-anethole and estragole that have anthelmintic effect. This study aimed to determine the anthelmintic effect of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) ethanolic extract on Ascaris suum Goeze in vitro. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental research using the posttest only controlled group design. Subjects were adult Ascaris suum Goeze. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Subjects were divided into 7 groups: NaCl 0,9% (negative control), pyrantel pamoate 5 mg/ml (positive control), aniseed ethanolic extract 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 mg/ml. Each group consisted of 5 worms, replication performed 5 times. Worms immersed in the solution at 100 ml and incubated at 37C. Observations of individual worms were made up until all worms in treated group dies. Mean death time of each worms were analyzed by SPSS program version 20 using One Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, test of homogeneity of variances (Levene test), One Way ANOVA parametric test and LSD Post Hoc test. Results: Mean death time of each worms Ascaris suum Goeze on aniseed ethanolic extract group concentration 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 mg/ml were 1.22 0.14 hours, 1.010.16 hours, 0.800,22 hours, 0.640.21 hours, and 0.610.19 hours, the positive control group was 0.900.22 hours, and negative control group did not show worms death. Normality and homogeneity test showed normal distribution and homogeneity of the data. One Way ANOVA test showed the difference of mean death time were all significant on all group, LSD Post Hoc test showed the significant mean death time were found on group concentration ? 250 mg/ml. Conclusion: Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) ethanolic extract has anthelmintic effect on Ascaris suum Goeze in vitro. Anthelmintic effect on concentration ? 225 mg/ml was lower than that on pyrantel pamoate concentration 5 mg/ml, and on concentration ? 250 mg/ml was higher than that on pyrantel pamoate concentration 5 mg/ml. Keywords: Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) ethanolic extract, Ascaris suum Goeze, Anthelmintic.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Tempe Kedelai Terhadap Kerusakan Sel Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus) Akibat Pemberian Parasetamol Dadang Ismanaf; S. B. Widjokongko; Ipop Sjarifah
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background:The objectives of this research are to know the influence of soy bean tempeh extract to renal cell damaging of mice (Mus musculus) which is induced by Paracetamol and the increase of soy bean tempeh extract dose can also increase protection effect to renal cell damaging of mice (Mus musculus) which is induced by Paracetamol. Methods:This was laboratory experimental research with thepost test only controlled group design. Samples were 28 male mice, Swiss webstertype, 2-3 month sold age and 20 gr of each weight. Samples were divided into 4 groups of 7 mice each. Sampling technique used in this research was incidental sampling. Mice for control group (K) and the first treatment group (P1) will be given aquadest for 14 days in a row. The second treatment group (P2) and third treatment group (P3) will begiven soy bean tempeh extracts dose for 14 days in a row. Soy bean tempeh extracts dose in each group is 2,2 mg/20 gr weight of mice and 4,4 mg/20 gr weight of mice. Paracetamol will be given to P1, P2, and P3, with dose 5mg/20 gr weight of mice in 0,1 ml aquadest on the day 12, 13, and 14. On day-15, mice were sacrificed and kidneys were taken to make preparations by paraffin block method and hematoxilin eosin (HE) staining. Kidney histological features were assessed based on quantifying of pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test (?=0.05) and continued with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons LSD test (?=0.05). Results:Result of One-Way ANOVA shows that there was a significant of degree between 4 groups with p=0,000 (p<0,05). Result of LSD method there was a significant of degree between K-P1, K-P2, K-P3, P1-P2, P1-P3, and P2-P3 groups with Beach p=0,000 (p<0,05). Conclusions:The feeding of soy bean tempeh extracts was able to decrease the renal cell damaging of mice and the increase of soy bean tempeh extracts dose followed by the increase of protection effect to the renal cell damaging of mice which is induced by paracetamol. Keywords:soy bean tempeh extracts, paracetamol, renal cell damaging

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