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Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
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Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 123 Documents
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The Protection Effect of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit Juice on Renal Histological Structure of Mice Induced Paracetamol Wahyu Wirawan; Muthmainah .; Ruben Dharmawan
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Mangifera indica L. fruit contains vitamin C, vitamin E and ?-carotene which are thought to protect the ren from free radicals. In present study, Mangifera indica L. fruit is evaluated for its protection effect on paracetamol induced renal cell damage in mice. Methods: To evaluate the nefroprotective effect of Mangifera indica L. fruit juice, 28 male Swiss webster mice were equally divided into four groups. Mice in group I (KKn) were given aquadest and group II (KKp) received paracetamol for 3 days. Group III-IV (KP1 and KP2) not only received paracetamol, but also received multilevel doses of Mangifera indica L. fruit juice for 14 days. Mice were sacrificed on the 15th day and histological preparation was made to evaluate histological damage in ren. Renal histological structures were assessed by counting the number of renal cells on proximal tubule undergoing pyknosis, karyorhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test (? = 0.05) and the Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD) test (? = 0.05). Results: The mean renal cell histological damage score in KKp group : 36.43 1.66, KKn group : 6.5 1.34, KP1 group : 14.86 1.56, KP2 group : 8.5 2.13. The results of One Way ANOVA test showed significant difference between the four groups (p=0.000) and the results of LSD test showed significant differences between each other group (p<0.005). Conclusions: Mango fruit juice can decrease the damage of renal histological structure in mice induced by paracetamol, and increasing the dose of mango fruit juice can increase its protection effect on histological structure of renal cell therefore it cant give the same histological structure as in control group. Keywords: Mangifera indica L. fruit juice, paracetamol, renal cell histological damage.
The Effect Of Ethanol Extract Of Garden Balsams Leaves (Impatiens balsamina) To Mortality Of Anopheles aconitus Larvae Mutiani Rizki; Sutartinah Sri Handayani; Dian Nugroho
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of malaria in Indonesia is still high. One of the vector which transmitted malaria in Indonesia is Anopheles aconitus. During this time, abate (temephos) was being used to eliminate the mosquito larvae. The long-term use of abate (temephos) is not good for environment and perhaps may cause resistance on mosquito. Garden Balsams leaves (Impatiens balsamina) contain substances which can be larvacide, so the researcher want to prove whether the ethanol extract of Garden Balsams leaves (Impatiens balsamina) have effect to mortality of Anopheles aconitus. Methods: This research used laboratory experimental method with the post test only control group design. The object of this research was Anopheles aconitus larvae which divided into 7 groups, each group contain 25 larvae and this research was replicated 4 times. For the negative control, 100 ml aquadest was used. And for the other 6 groups, contain 300 mg, 500 mg, 700 mg, 900 mg, 1100 mg, 1300 mg extract in 100 ml aquadest. The data was analyzed by Linear Regression and Probit test. Results : Linear Regression test show that the percentage of extract effect to larvae mortality is 88,3% and the rest 11.7% was effected by the other variable. The linear equation is Y= 3.116 + 0,02X . Probit test show LC50 is 405.580 mg/100 ml and LC99 is 1352.177 mg/100 ml. Conclusion: There is effect of ethanol extract of Garden Balsams leaves (Impatiens balsamina) to the mortality of Anopheles aconitus larvae. The LC50 is 405.580 mg/100 ml and LC99 is 1352.177 mg/100 ml. Keywords: extract of Garden Balsams leaves, mortality, Anopheles aconitus larvae
Efek Diuresis Ekstrak Seledri (Apium graviolens L.) pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Annisa Marsha Evanti; Muchsin Doewes; Bhisma Murti
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Celery (Apium graviolens L.) is known has some biochemical substances effect such as kalium nitrat, manitol, and apigenin/flavonoid which can result diuretic effect. This research aims at finding out the diuretic effect of celery extract (Apium graviolens L.) on the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: The research is a laboratory experimental analytic study using the Randomized Controlled Trial design. The research subject is a number of 30 male white rats of Wistar Strain, 200 grams of body weight. They were divided into five treatment groups randomly. Group I was given 3 mL aquadest as negative control, group II was given 0,32 mg/3 mL hydrochlorotiazid as positive control, group III was given 1,2g/3 mL celery extract as dose I, group IV was given 2,4g/3 mL celery extract as dose II, and group V was given 4,8g/3 mL celery extract as dose III. Rats urine volume was measured every 4 hours for 16 hours. Results:The result of statistic calculation using ANOVA test with p = 0.000 (p < 0.001) shows that there are significant differences in total rats urine volume between group I, II, III, IV, and V in every observation time. The Post-hoc test shows significant differences between negative control and three dosages of celery extract (p < 0.05), and the similarities between positive control and three dosages of celery extract (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Through observing amount of urine volume and statistic calculation, it can be concluded that there is diuretic effect of celery extract on the male white rats. Celery extract at dose 2,4 g/3 mL has the highest diuretic effect but celery extract at 1,2 g/3 mL has the optimum diuretic effect. Keywords: Celery extract, diuretic effect, hydrochlorotiazid
Application of Autodock Vina program version 1.1.2 for Exploring Indonesian Phytochemicals as an Activator of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Farchan Azzumar; Dono Indarto; Balgis .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Increased activity of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) can inhibit cell growth and biosynthetic pathwaysin some cancer cells. Recently, several endogenous ligands have been identified to activate AMPK including Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP).Virtual screening is one of the recent technique, which is used for drug discoveries.Therefore the aim of this study was to identify active compounds of Indonesian herbal plants that activate AMPK by using molecular docking. Methods: Samples used in this study wereall of active compounds which were derived from Indonesian herbal plantsand had three-dimensional structures. Molecular docking was performed by using AutodockVina version 1.1.2 to evaluate interaction between AMPK and active compounds. The AMP structure obtained from protein data bank (www.rcsb.org/pdb)was used as a molecule standard of AMPK interaction. Docking score indicated affinity of molecule interaction and was determined in Cal/mol. To visualize docking results that fit to the AMPK molecule, chimera software version 1.9 was used. Results: Curcumin has docking scores as same as docking score of AMP (-7.5 Cal/mol) and has hydrogen bound in ? subunit of AMPK (Thr86, Thr88, and Arg117). Conclusions: Curcumin might be an activator of AMPK. Another molecular docking which has a flexible substrate-enzyme algorithm is required for confirming the docking result. Keywords: AMPK, Herbal plant, Molecular Docking.
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica against Cortex Hypertrophy of Adrenal Gland Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress in Rats Achmad Nurul Hidayat; Brian - Wasita,dr.,Ph.D; Nanang - Wiyono,dr.,M.Kes
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Chronic stress affects the cortex changes such as hypertrophy which is caused by the physiology change of HPA (Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal) pathway. Pegagan extract contains beneficial compounds such as triterpenoid is known has antistress and antidepressant effect. This present study aims to investigate Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica (EEC) on cortex hyperthropy level induced by chronic immobiliztion stress in male rats. Methods: This study was laboratory experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. Paraffin blocks was processed from thirty Sprague Dawley male rats. They were previously subjected with chronic immobilization stress and then divided into 6 groups: control group given distilled water 1 mg/kg, stress + PGA (Pulvis Gummi Arabicum), stress + 150 mg/kg EEC, stress + 300 mg/kg EEC, stress + 600 mg/kg EEC and stress + fluoxetine 10 mg/kg. The treatments were performed for 21 consecutive days. Cortex hypertrophy was evaluated using ImageJ 1.48v software under light microscope from hematoxylin eosin staining. Statistic analysis was performed using Kruskall-Wallis test continued by Post Hoc Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction. Result: Kruskall-Wallis test result showed significant differences in six group with p= 0,007. Meanwhile, Mann Whitney test with Bonferroni correction did not show significant difference between stress + PGA group and other groups (p>0.05). The difference result only found between control group and stress + 300 mg/kg of EEC (p= 0,001). There were no significant difference between stress + fluoxetine 10 mg/kg and control group (p = 0,880). Conclusion: EEC was incapable to decrease cortex hypertrophy level of adrenal gland in Sprague Dawley male rats induced by chronic immobilization stress. Keywords: Centella asiatica, chronic immobilization stress, hypertrophy, adrenal glands.
The Effect of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Juice on Paracetamol Induced Liver Cell Damage in Mice (Mus musculus) Samiaji Abbas Ras; Endang Listyaningsih; Yulia Sari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) contains beta-carotene and vitamin C which were thought to protect the liver from free radicals. In present study, Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice with certain dose was evaluated for its protective effect on paracetamol induced liver damage in mice. Methods: This study used 28 male Swiss Webster mice were equally divided into four groups. Animals of Control Group (KK) were given aquadest and Treatment Group I (KP1) received paracetamol for 3 days. Treatment Group II and III (KP2 and KP3) not only received paracetamol, but also received multilevel doses of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice (0,2 mg and 0,4 mg) for 14 days. Mice were sacrificed on the 15th day and histological preparation was made to evaluate histological damage on liver. Liver histological features were assessed by counting the number of hepatocyte on centrolobuler zone undergoing pyknosis, karyorhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test (? = 0.05) and the Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD) test (? = 0.05). Results: The mean liver histological damage score was significantly higher on group of KP1= 61,87.991, while group of KK= 26,214.828 as the least. KP3 group had fewer numbers of liver histological damage (40,097.635) compared to the KP2 group (37,815.653). The results of One Way ANOVA test showed significant difference between the five groups (p = 0.000) and the results of LSD test showed significant differences between each other group (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice showed protective effect against the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol in mice. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice with the dose of 0,4 mg/20 g body weight of mice showed a higher hepatoprotective effect than the dose of 0,2 mg/20 g body weight of mice. Keywords: Mango juice, paracetamol, histologic liver damage.
Potency of Indonesian Herbal Compounds as Human Flavin Containing Monooxygenase 3 Inhibitor for Atherosclerosis Prevention Fadhila Balqis Nurfitria; RAJ Sri Wulandari; Dono Indarto
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Atherosclerosis complication in the cardiovascular system has been one of the biggest medical problems in recent years and the definitive treatment has not been found. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a catalytic product of Flavin-Containing Monooxydase (FMO) 3 enzyme and might act as a predispostion factor for atherosclerosis. Indonesia has many herbal plants which can potentially be developed into antiatherosclerosis drug. This was an initial study of drug development which aimed to identify FMO3 inhibitors from Indonesian herbal plants by using molecular docking. Methods: It was a bioinformatics study which utilized all herbal compounds recorded in HerbalDB, had three dimentional structure, and met the criteria for Lipinski's rule of five. Methimazole was used as a standard ligand and hFMO model was determined using FMO protein template from Methylophaga aminisulfidivorans. Herbal compounds were molecularly docked with hFMO3 models using AutodockVina 1.1.2. PyMOL 1.7 dan Chimera 1.10rc were used for visualization of docking results. Binding affinity, binding site, and Lipinski's rule of five criterias were used to determine hFMO3 inhibitor candidates of herbal compounds. Results: Methimazole bound to the hFMO3 model at Asn194 with binding energy average of -3.8 kcal/mol. Droserone, vanillic acid, (s)-(+) abscisic acid, and sebacic acid had lower binding energy, had similar binding site, and had the best drug like property, compared with methimazole. Conclusion: Droserone, vanillic acid, (s)-(+) absicic acid, and sebacic acid become the potential candidates of hFMO3 inhibitor in silico. A future study using flexible ligand and flexible receptor docking methods is needed to get more accurate results. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Molecular Docking, FMO3 inhibitor, Indonesian Herbal Plants
Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Buah Stroberi Terhadap Kerusakan Histologis Sel Ginjal Mencit Akibat Paparan Parasetamol Pratita Komalasari; . Muthmainah; Bhisma Murti
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Strawberry essence is known to contain vitamin C, anthocyanins and elagic acid. It has potent antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to examine the effects of strawberry essence in preventing histologic damage renal cell of mice (Mus musculus). Methods: The study used Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design. The samples of 28 male mice (Mus musculus) Swiss Webster strain, aged 2-3 months, body weight 20 grams were divided into 4 groups: KK (aquadest), KP I (aquadest + paracetamol), KP II (Paracetamol+Strawberry essence dose 416 mg/20 g BB), KP III (Paracetamol+Strawberry essence dose 832 mg/20 g BB). The treatment was given for 14 days, except paracetamol was given only on day 12 th, 13 th, 14 th. On day 15th mice were sacrificed by neck dislocation. Then right and left renal of mice were taken. From each renal was made two histological preparations. Renal preparations were made ??by the method of paraffin blocks with Haematoxylin Eosin staining (HE). Observations of renal used a light microscope magnification of 1000 times. The number of damaged cells from each of 50 cells in the renal proximal tubule were counted. Data were analyzed by One-Way Analysis of Variant Test (ANOVA) and Post Hoc test (?=0,05). Results: Mean of KK = 7.61 1.786, KP I = 37.07 2.905, KP II = 29.64 3.540, KP III = 22.39 3.403. There were significant differences of the mean number of damage cells in all pairs of groups (KK-KP I, KK-KP II, KK-KP III, KP I-KP II, KP I KP III, and KP II-KP III). Conclusion: The Strawberry essence (Fragaria x annanassa) could prevent histological damage renal cells of mice exposed to paracetamol, but it could not give the same effect as the KK (p < 0.001). Keywords: Strawberry Essence, paracetamol, histologic damage renal cell
Effects of Green Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Extracts on Triglyceride Levels of Wistar Rats with Hyperlipidemia Khairunnisa Nurul Huda; Andri Putranto; Muthmainah .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is characterized by increase of triglyceride. This lipid disorder associates with obesity, stroke and heart diseases. A recent study has been reported that the use of triglyceride-lowering drugs have many side effects. Therefore, some patients of dyslipidemia prefer to use complementer medicine like herbal medicine rather than the existing drugs. Green bean contains some secondary metabolites, which have hypolipidemic effects. This present study aimed to investigate the effect of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) extract on triglyceride levels of rats with hyperlipidemia. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study with post test only control group design. Male Wistar rats, which aged 3 months old, and weighted 200 g were use in this study. Thirty rats were divided into five groups : two control groups (KKn, KKi) and 3 treatment groups. KKn was given distilled water and KKi was given 4.5 mL duck egg yolks orally and propylthiouracil (PTU) 0.01% ad libitum for 28 days. The treatment groups were given the same diet as the KKi group for 28 days. Green bean extract (GBE) (50, 100, and 150 mg/200g; per oral) was added in three treatment groups by the fifteen days of the experiment. The following day, rats were sacrificed and blood was collected from rats plexus retro-orbital. The serum triglyceride levels were determined using spectrophotometer. All collected data were analyzed by using One Way ANOVA test followed by Post Hoc test (? = 0.05). Result: Triglyceride levels of rats treated with green bean extracts (KP1, KP2, KP3) were lower than the control groups (KKn, KKi). The difference of triglyceride level reached significantly p = 0.000. The first treatment (KP1) group has 46.83 20.62 mg/dL triglyceride level, which was higher than other treatment group (KP2, KP3) (30 9.65 and 40.17 11.37 mg/dL). However, it was not statistical difference. Conclusions: Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) extract 50-150 mg/bodyweight can reduce triglyceride levels of Wistar rats with hyperlipidemia. Further investigation will be required for determination of the effective dose reducing triglyceride level in the animal model. Keywords: green bean, triglyceride, hyperlipidemia, Rattus norvegicus
Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Daun Dandang Gendis (Clinacanthus nutans) terhadap Kadar SGPT Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Devi Purnamasari Sasongko; Jarot Subandono; Martini .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Paracetamol was a safe drug, but would cause oxidative stress if taken too much.. Dandang gendis leaves contained a flavonoid antioxidant. This research intended to prove the antioxidant effect of dandang gendis leaves that could prevent liver cell damage of white rat induced by paracetamol. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratoric with post test only control group design. This research had taken place at Parasitology and Micology Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. The sample was 32 Wistar white rats. The dependent variable was the SGPT level of white rats and the independent variable was the dandang gendis leaves extract. The white rats were divided into 4 groups: negative control group (KK0), positive control group (KK1), first threated group (KP1), and second threated group (KP2). KP1 had been given 30 mg/200 gr BB dose and KP2 had been given 60 mg/200 gr BB dose for 14 days. At 11th 13th days, the white rats from KK1, KP1, and KP2 had been given 291.6 mg/200 gr BB dose of paracetamol. At 14th day, rats blood had been taken from orbitalis sinus. The damage of the liver cell had been measured with SGPT laboratory test. The data had been analyzed with one way ANOVA test then with post hoc test (? = 0.05). Results: The highest rate of SGPT levels was KK1, following KP1, KP2, and the lowest was KK0. Oneway ANOVA test resuls showed a significant difference among the four groups with p = 0.000. Post hoc test results showed a significant difference between KK0 KK1 (p = 0.003) and KK0 KP2 (p = 0.019) whereas between KK0 KP1 (p = 0.204), KK1 KP1 (p = 0.885), KK1 KP2 (p = 0.077), and KP1 KP2 (p = 0.932) had no significant difference. Conclusion: Giving dandang gendis leaves extract was not significant to raise the SGPT level of white rat induced by paracetamol. Raising dandang gendis leaves extract doses was not significant to raise its hepatoprotector effect. Keywords: dandang gendis leaf, SGPT, white rat, hepatoprotector, paracetamol

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