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Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
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Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 123 Documents
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The Influence Rinsing Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) Boiled Water to Bacterial Colonies in Oral Cavity Annisa Pertiwi; Adi Prayitno; Marwoto .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a herb plant that is widely consumed by society. Its flower contains some compounds that have antibacterial activity. Those compounds are flavonoid, phenol, tannin, and saponin. One of the main problems of the oral healthiness is gingivitis. In oral cavity of the gingivitis patients, there is an escalation of the number of bacterial colonies. Whereas using mouthwash is one of the ways to maintain the health of oral cavity. This study aimed to determine the influence of rinsing with roselle flower boiled water to the number of bacterial colonies in oral cavity. Methods: This research was an experimental analytic study with the pre test and post test controlled group design. There were 20 subjects that meet the criterias, they were divided randomly into 2 groups, each group consisting 10 subjects. Firstly, each group was once rinse with 15 ml distilled water for 30 seconds then the rinsing results were put inside the sterile pots. After that, group I was once rinse with 15 ml distilled water for 30 seconds, whereas the group II was rinse with 15 ml roselle flower boiled water for 30 seconds. The level of roselle in this research is 1,5 grams in 15 ml water. The rinsing results were carried to Microbiology Laboratory to put onto the nutrient agar then were incubated for 24 hours in 37C. The differences between the first rinse and the second rinse were calculated. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 for Windows. Results: The results were tested with linear regression test. It showed that roselle has the influence to inhibits the growth of bacterial colonies in the amount of 88%, whereas the 12% is influenced by other factors (e.g. degrees of acidity, the ability of the subjects in rinsing to reach the bacterias). Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is influence rinsing with roselle flower boiled water to the number of bacterial colonies in oral cavity. Keywords: roselle, bacterial colonies, oral cavity
Efek Antihiperkolesterolemia Ekstrak Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol LDL Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Andina Rosmalianti
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Current lifestyle has shifted towards high fat diet which leads to hypercholesterolemia. The increased LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) level is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Natural plants have been increasingly used to manage metabolic diseases such as hypercholesterolemia. Among the plants is bilimbi fruit which is assumed to have anticholesterol effect owing to its bioactive components, namely pectin, saponin, and niacin. This research aims to examine the effect of bilimbi fruit extract on LDL-C levels in cholesterol-fed white rats. Methods: This was an experimental study using post test only controlled group design. A total of 35 white male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months and weighed 160-200 grams were assigned into five groups, i.e. normal control group, positive control group, negative control group, and two treatment groups with bilimbi fruit extract at dosage I and II. After being adapted for a week, all groups but normal control, were given hypercholes-terolemic food and 0,01% PTU for 14 days. At day 22, positive control group was given simvastatin 0,8 mg/200 gBW, and treatment groups were given bilimbi fruit extract at dosages of 40 mg/200 gBW and 80 mg/200 g BW, respectively for 14 days. Blood samples were taken through retro-orbital venous at day 37 to measure LDL-C levels. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test followed by LSD test. Results: Mean LDL-C levels differed significantly across groups (p<0,001). Results from LSD tests showed significant differences between positive control group as well as treatment groups at dosage I and II compared to negative control group (p<0,01). There were significant diferences of mean LDL-C levels between positive control group (p=0,044) and normal control group (p=0,001) compared to bilimbi fruit extract group at dosage I. No LDL-C level differences were found between bilimbi fruit extract at dosage II compared to positive control group (p=0,246) and to normal control group (p=0,790). Conclusions: Bilimbi fruit extract at dosage 40 mg/200 gBW and 80 mg/200gBW significantly decreased LDL-C levels in hypercholesterolemic white rats. Keywords: Bilimbi fruit extract, LDL-C, hypercholesterolemia
Molecular Docking Analysis of Estrogen Receptor ? to Phytochemistries in Asteraceae Family Compared to Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Dzulfiar Nasir Umam; Riza Novierta Pesik; Ratna Kusumawati
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background:Tamoxifen is the first line hormonal therapy for Estrogen Receptor ?(ER?) breast cancer. Some of phytochemistries pose anticancer activities. However, data of those from Asteraceae family in Indonesia are lacking. The aim of this research is to know the binding affinities and binding locations of phytochemistries in Asteraceae family from Indonesia compared to tamoxifen on ER? in breast cancer. Methods: This research wasa bioinformatic study. Subjects were3-dimensional structures ofER?, tamoxifen, and phytochemistriess Asteraceae family obtained from Indonesian HerbalDB database, Pubchem Compound, and Protein Data Bank. Subjects were prepared by Chimera 1.10 and Open Babel. Tamoxifen was docked on ER? by AutoDock Vina to know its binding affinities of ligand-receptor complex, compared to the other chosen ligands. Binding locations of ligand-reseptor were visualized by Pymol 1.7.2. Results: The docking results showed four phytochemistriess binding affinities whichwere stronger than tamoxifen (-9.6 kcal/mol), such as lappadilactone, friedelin, benperidol, and beta-amyrin. The visualization results showed that lappadilactone, friedelin, benperidol, beta-amyrin, taraxerol, andepifriedelanol had similar binding areas totamoxifen on ER?. Lappadilactone had hydrogen bond with Tyr526 and benperidol had hydrogen bond with Trp383 on ER?. Conclusions:Lappadilactone and benperidol have stronger binding affinities than tamoxifen and they have hydrogen bond with ER?, but not in active sites of ER?. Therefore, lappadilactone and benperidol may have ability to inhibit ER? activities computationally. Keywords: Estrogen receptor ?, molecular docking, phytocemistry, tamoxifen.
The Effect of Soybean Powder (Glycine max) to the Histological Structure of Mices (Mus musculus) Liver Cells Induced by Used Cooking Oil Selvia Anggraeni; Endang Listyaningsih Suparyanti; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Soybean contain antioxidants which have hepatoprotective effect; one of them is isoflavone. Soybean powder has the highest isoflavone among soybean products. This research aims to prove that the use of soybean powder can prevent damage of the histological structure of the mices liver cells induced by used cooking oil. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design. Twenty eight Swiss Webster male mice were divided into 4 groups. Negative control group (KN) was given distilled water, the positive control (KP) was given 0.06 ml/ 20 g BW used cooking oil, dose 1 (KD1) was given soybean powder 5.6 mg/ 20 g BW and used cooking oil, and dose 2 (KD2) was given soybean powder 11.2 mg/ 20 g BW and used cooking oil. Soybean powder was given for 14 days, while the used cooking oil was given orally on 8th-14th day. On the 15th day, mice were sacrificed, taken their liver, and made ??preparations with HE staining. Liver cell damage was observed by counting the number of cells with pyknosis, karyorheksis, and karyolysis of 100 cells in liver centrolobular zone. Data were analyzed by statistical tests One-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) (? = 0.05). Results: The highest number of liver cells damage is on KP, followed by KD1, KD2, and at least on KN. Results of One-way ANOVA test showed significant differences among the four groups with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Results of Post Hoc Test of Multiple Comparasions using LSD test also showed significant differences between KN-KP, KN-KD1, KD2-KN, KP-KD1, KD2-KP, KD1-KD2 with respectively p = 0.000 (p < 0, 05). Conclusion: Soybean powder can prevent damage of the histological structure of the mices liver cells induced by used cooking oil. Keywords: soybean powder, used cooking oil, liver histological structure
A Potential Candidate of Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Derived from Indonesia Herbal Compounds Adam Haviyan Nasrullah; Dono Indarto; Riza Novierta Pesik; R. AJ. Sri Wulandari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is an enzyme that catalyzes pyruvate into lactate. LDHA plays an important role in promotion of cancer cells growth through increasing aerobic glycolysis. Because LDHA has a central role in energy metabolism, it become a molecular target for development of anticancer drug. This was a biocomputational study that aimed to identify Indonesian herbal compounds which became a potential candidate of LDHA inhibitor via molecular docking analysis. Methods: Samples in this study were Indonesian herbal compounds that met the following criteria: (1) Registered on Database Herbal Indonesia, (2) had three-dimensional structure, and (3) met the criteria Lipinski rule of five. Oxamate used as a ligand standard and was validated using Autodock Vina software. Herbal compounds were also docked using the same program. Docking results were visualized using PyMOL software. LDHA inhibitor candidate is determined by comparing herbal compounds and standard ligand in terms of binding energy, binding site and Lipinski criteria. Result: Oxamate interacting with LDHA had -4.26 0.06 kcal / mol binding energy and bound to six amino acid residues at Gln 99, Arg 105, Asn 137, Arg 168, His 192, and Thr 247. A lower binding energy was observed in 23 herbal compounds and these compounds bound to LDHA at least five amino acid residues like Oxamate. Herbal compounds Phaseolic Acid, Sebacic Acid, D (-) - Fructose, Suberic Acid and Pimelic Acid interacted with amino acid residues of LDHA as same as Oxamate. The other herbal compounds interacted with less or more than six amino acid residues of LDHA. Based on characteristics of five herbal compounds, Phaseolic Acid, Sebacic Acid and Suberic Acid were probably the best candidates of LDHA inhibitor. Conclusion: Phaseolic Acid, Sebacic Acid and Suberic Acid become biocomputationally the best LDHA inhibitor. Enzymatic assays are needed to investigate whether or not all these compounds can inhibit LDHA enzyme activity. Keywords : Cancer, Inhibitor LDHA, Molecular Docking, Herbal Indonesia
Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) terhadap Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Riza Setya Agrensa; Muchsin Doewes; . Samigun
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Pain is a symptom of a disease that many felt by the people, the prevalence of pain in adults reach to 40% per day, while 89% felt the pain episode at least once a month. To overcome the pain that arises, people often use drugs is to reduce pain or analgesic. This research aims to find out whether there is an analgesic effect of kemangi extract (Ocimum sanctum L.) against the white mice (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research uses experimental methods to the post test only control group design. The research at the University of Setia Budi Surakarta performed. The subject of this research is 25 tail of a white mice (Rattus norvegicus), 3 months old with average weight 200 grams. First, subject adapted for 1 week, then not given to eat and drink for 18 hours before the treatment. The subject is divided into 5 groups. The negative control group was given aquades, while the positive control group was given aspirin. The third treatment group each got kemangi extract dosage of 225 mg/200 g body weight, 450 mg/200 g body weight, and 675 mg/200 g body weight. Pain induction method used is a medium hot plate, and then calculated the frequency jumps. The data obtained and analyzed by One-Way ANOVA and LSD. Results: The results of One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the five treatment groups. LSD test results showed a significant difference between the negative with the positive control group. Positive control group treated with the first and second doses showed a significant difference, but with the third dose treatment group showed no significant difference. This shows that only the third dose group has the analgesic effects. Conclusions: Of the three groups treated with kemangi extracts, only the third dose treatment groups shows analgesic effect on white mice. Keywords: kemangi extract, analgesic effects
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Sweet Leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) to The Mortality of Aedes aegypti L. Larvae Anton Giri Mahendra; Sri Haryati; FX. Bambang Sukilarso Sakiman
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) is known to contain saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Saponins, tannins and flavonoids are compounds that known as larvicides. This study aims to determine whether the ethanol extract of the sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) had an effect on mortality of larvae of Aedes aegypti L. Methods: This research were laboratory experimental design with post test only control group design. The object was the larva of Aedes aegypti L. that divided into 7 groups, each group contains 25 larvae. Each group consists of four plastic cups filled with ethanol extract of sweet leaf at the same concentration. The control group were exposed to ethanol extract of the sweet leaf with a concentration of 0 mg / 100 ml. The other six groups were given different number of ethanol extract of sweet leaf. There were 200 mg/ 100 ml, 600 mg/ 100 ml, 1000 mg/ 100 ml, 1400 mg/ 100 ml, 1800 mg/ 100 ml, 2200 mg/ 100 ml, respectively. The observation was taken at the next 24 hours and the number of dead larvae were counted. Linear regression and probit regression were used as statistical analysis. Results: Linear Regression test shows that the R2 score was 0.99. That means the percentage of ethanol extract of sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) to kill larvae was 99 % and the rest 1% was affected by other variables. Probit regression test shows LC50 was 1157 mg / 100 ml and LC99 was 3075 mg / 100 ml. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) had an effect on mortality of larvae of Aedes aegypti L. on LC50 of 1157 mg / 100ml and LC99 of 3075 mg / 100 ml, as well as the percentage of variable effect of ethanol extract of sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) on mortality of Aedes aegypti L. larvae at 99%. Keywords: sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.), Aedes aegypti L. larvae
Efek Diuresis Ekstrak Propolis pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) . Fadityo; Muchsin Doewes; Kisrini .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background:Diuretics are medicine that increase the amount of urine volume. Propolis has 150 compounds that have biological activities, one of the is flavonoid. Flavonoid known to has diuretic effect. Methods:The research is a laboratory experimental analytic study using randomized controlled trial done at Laboratory of Setia Budi University Surakarta in June 2012. The research subject is a number of 35 male white rats of Wistar strain. They were divided into five treatment groups, each group consists of seven rats. Simple random sampling is used for sampling technique. Before the treatment, rats were adapted for 7 days and fasted for 48 hours but still provided with drinking water. Propolis extract was given orally. Group I was given aquadest 2.5 ml as negative control, group II was given hydrochlorothiazide 0.3 mg/2.5 ml as positive control, group III was given propolis extract at dose 30 mg/2.5 ml as dose I, group IV was given propolis extract at dose 60 mg/2.5 ml as dose II, and group V was given propolis extract at dose 120 mg/2.5 ml as dose III. Rats urine volume was measured every 6 hours for 24 hours. Results:Result of statistic calculation using Anova test with p < 0.05 shows that there is significant difference in total rats urine volume between group I, II, III, IV, and V. The Post-Hoc test result between group I compared with the others group was significant difference.Group II has the largest urine volume from all groups. Group III has the largest urine volume among the groups that given propolis extract. Group IV has larger urine volume than group V and group V has the least urin volume among the groups that given propolis extract. Conclusions:Through observing amount of urine volume and statistic calculation, it can be concluded that propolis extract has diuretic effect in the male white rats.The increase of propolis extract dose cause the decrease of urine volume. Keywords:Propolis extract, hidroclorotiazid, diuretic
In Vitro Inhibition Effect of Coconut Husk Ethanol Extract towards the Growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from Surgical Site Infection Alifiana Jatiningrum; Maryani .; Amelya Augusthina Ayusari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Surgical site infection was defined clinically, namely the existence of purulent discharge around the wound or wound cellulitis in operation. Coconut husk are known to has tannin and flavonoid as antibacterial properties. This study aimed to determine In Vitro effect of coconut husk (Cocos nucifera L.) ethanol extract towards the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from surgical site infection. Methods: This research is an experimental laboratory (post test only control group design) with a non-probability sampling technique namely consecutive sampling. Research conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory FK UNS and sampling conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory Dr. Moewardi Hospital. The independent variables are the coconut husk ethanol extract at a concentration of 1%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Subjects were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of surgical site infection standardized with Mc Farland 0.5. Test sensitivity on Muller-Hinton medium diffusion method with antibiotics cefoperazone/sulbactam and vancomycin as a positive control and DMSO 2% as negative control. Research results are tested with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Coconut husk ethanol extract cant inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli but can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the results of the Kruskal-Wallis test that at least there is a significant difference in inhibition between the two treatment groups (p <0.005). The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences in inhibition (p <0.05) in all treatment groups, except in the group with the inhibition of the extract concentration of 40% with 60% extract concentration did not reveal any significant differences in inhibition (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Coconut husk ethanol extract cant inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli but can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus from surgical site infection by In Vitro. Keywords: Surgical site infection, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, coconut husk
The Effect of Alkaline Water on Blood Glucose Diabetic White Rates. Dhia Ramadhani; Endang Ediningsih; Amelya Augusthina Ayusari
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Alkaline water has high pH level and work as antioxidant that could repair the damaged pancreatic beta cells caused by alloxan. This research aimed to know the effect of alkaline water on blood glucose in diabetic white rats induced by alloxan. Methods: This was an experimental research with pre- and post-test group design. The subjects were thirty Wistar male white rats selected by a simple random technique. They were divided into 2 groups, control group (aquadest group), and treatment group given alkaline water dosed 23 ml perday. Blood glucose were measured by stript test at the first day as GDP 1, at the fifth day after induced by alloxan as GDP 2, and the last, after treatment at the twelfth day as GDP 3. The data were analyzed by Anova test followed by Post Hoc Test using SPSS for Windows Release 20 program. Results: This research showed that there was significant difference of GDP 3 betweenaquadest and alkaline group (p=0,00) by independent t test.There was no significant difference between GDP 1 and GDP 3 both group by dependent t test. Conclusion: It concluded that alkaline water was able to decrease the blood glucose level on diabetic white rates induced by alloxan. Keywords: alkaline water, blood glucose level, antioxidant

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