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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Utilization of Milk Replacer for Lambs and Kids at Preweaning Period Suprijati .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 3 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Milk replacer is a mixture of various feed ingredients and feed additives. This paper reviews the formulation of milk replacer, its chemical composition and nutrient requirement, methods of giving milk replacer and effect of milk replacer on the preweaning growth of small ruminant. In the formulation, the available local feed ingredients should be used with consideration of its nutrient composition. Milk replacers could be formulated from skim milk 50-64%, vegetable oil 16-17% or animal fat 20-28%, soy protein 50-57%, whey 35%, cereal or its byproduct 10% and 1-2% vitamin and mineral mix. The recommendation of protein and fat contents were 18-22% and 10-20% for kids, 20-24% and 20-30% for lambs, respectively. Raising the lambs and kids includes feeding colostrum at birth until 3-4 days of life, followed by feeding milk replacer until weaning. At three weeks of life, kids were introduced solid feed, as concentrates or forages. Early weaning could be carried out when the kids reached 9-10 kg of live weight and consumed 120 g/d of solid feed or at the age of 6-8 weeks. Milk replacer formulated according to the recommendation of nutrient requirement gave good performance. Key words: Nutrient composition, performance, milk replacer, feeding method, lamb, kid

Some Factors Trigger Increasing Foodborne Diseases Cases of Livestock Origin Anni Kusumaningsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 22, No 3 (2012): SEPTEMBER 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Food is an essential need for various human body activities. Consequently, food must be guaranteed to be free from biological, chemical, and physical contaminants and other hazardous substances that can obstruct health. The presence of various hazardous contaminants in food may result in the appearance of foodborne diseases, i.e. human diseases spread through contaminated food and drinks. Biological contaminants in food can be bacteria, viruses, parasites, moulds, or fungi. The most dangerous biological contaminants that may cause an epidemic disease in human are pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., Vibrio cholerae, Enterobacter sakazakii, Shigella, etc. Researchers believe that there are several factors that can be the trigger that increase of foodborne diseases cases such as community demography by increasing the individual groups that are more susceptible to pathogenic foodborne infections, human behaviour related to the changes in the community life style and consumption, the advances in industrial and technological sectors through the increase of large scale food industries concentrated in one location, the global trade or travel, and increasing bacterial resistances against antimicrobials as the result of the increasing the uses of antimicrobials for disease prevention and cure in animals and humans. Key words: Factors trigger, foodborne diseases, contaminants, livestock, food

Scabies of Animals and Humans: Problems and Control Strategy Tolibin Iskandar
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei affecting a wide range of host species including buffalo, pigs, goats, horses, rabbits, dogs, cats, and humans. The disease in livestock causes skin irritation, decreases of meat production and quality of skin as well as affecting human health. Scabies has a worldwide distribution, including Indonesia with various prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in different host species. Diagnostic of the disease is carried out by observing clinical symptoms and scraping the infected skin to find the parasite. Scabies can be prevented by good sanitation, and chemotherapy of livestock is performed by ivermectine, asuntol and neguvon injections. Key words : Scabies, animals, humans, diagnostic, control

The Role of Duck as The National Producer of Egg and Meat Pius P Ketaren
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Ducks produce egg, meat and feather. Egg is the main product of ducks for Indonesian communities. Duck farming produced eggs approximately 180,000 ton or equal to 16% of national egg production in 2005. Ducks also contributed 38,700 tons of meat or 3% of national poultry meat production or equal to 2% of national meat production. Besides egg and meat, duck farming also produced 269.4 tons of feather valued at US $ 294,800. All of those duck commodities were produced by 35 million of hearded ducks. Hearded ducks productivity were approximately 100 – 150 eggs/hen/year which were considered to be much lower than confined ducks productivity which were recorded at average of 253 eggs/hen/year. There are known several local Indonesian ducks which showing highly variable egg productivities. Various technologies are potential to be implemented by duck farmers to improve their duck-egg production. The improvement can be achieved by implementing breeding and nutrition technologies such as replacing the old hens with selected local duck breeds, feeding appropriate diets and implementing good management practices in their farms. Key words: Duck, role, egg, meat, technology

Utilization of Tannin Containing Shrub Legumes for Small Ruminant Production in Indonesia Elizabeth Wina
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 1 (2010): MARCH 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Shrub legumes have been well established in Indonesia and some of which contain significant levels of tannin. Several methods of tannin analysis have been conducted and correlated with its biological property of tannin. Total phenolics and total tannin measured by Folin Ciocalteau have a high correlation with the biological assay of tannin using gas in vitro method. Tannin values measured by the above methods negatively correlated with protein digestibility. Several feeding experiments on tannin containing shrub legumes using Calliandra calothyrsus as a model plant have been conducted. Feeding in fresh condition or silage form is the best way of feeding tannin containing forages. Several methods were tested to deactivate tannin include PEG addition, soaking in water or alkaline solution. Starch addition is one of the alternatives to mask the effect of tannin as it improved the performance of sheep fed tannin-containing legumes. Cofeeding with other leguminous leaves is another technique to utilize tannin in shrub legumes as protein binding agent. Several experiments showed that tannin could reduce the worm burden in ruminant although its utilization as anthelminthic agent in Indonesia is still limited. In conclusion, tannin containing shrub legumes have several beneficial effects to improve small ruminant production. Key words: Tannin, legumes, protein binding, anthelmintic agent, small ruminant

The Influence of Using Probiotic in Rations for Chicken Productivity Gunawan .; M M S Sundari
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2003): SEPTEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The knowledge of probiotic spread widely, mainly after having been found some probiotics that can be used by animal. The result of research on the usage of some types of probiotics in rations of chicken give different influence on chicken productivity. Using probiotic starbio 0.25% in ration could increase the body weight of broiler up to 6 weeks of age and could increase the consumption of crude fibre up to 6% in the ration. Using probiotic starbio 0.25% in ration of layer could increase 19-26% eggs products and reduce feed conversion and water content in faeces and give additional income for the farmers as 44 up to 48%. Culture yeast as much as 0.2−0.3% is effective to add in rations of broiler 0−4 weeks of age. Lactobacillus acidophilus 2% and 4% in rations of layer may increase 5−11% of egg products and reduce feed conversion. It can be concluded that using probiotic in rations may increase the productivity of broiler, layer and native chickens. Key words: Probiotic, chicken diets, productivity of chicken

Development of Anthelmintic Resistance Detection Methods of Gastrointestinal Nematodes on Livestock Dyah Haryuningtyas
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The intensive usage of anthelmintic in most of farms led to resistances of livestock gastrointestinal nematodes against anthelmintic. Many reports of resistance that increased every year happen following the continuing helminth control programmes. The succesful implementation of helminth control programmes that designed to minimize the development of resistance in nematode populations depends on the availability of effective and sensitive method for its detection and monitoring. A variety of in vivo and in vitro tests have been developed for detecting nematode population resistance to the main anthelmintic groups. This paper will discuss the development of detection method of anthelmintic resistance based on conventional and molecular approach according to their strengths and weakness. Key words: Anthelmintic resistance, detection method, conventional, molecular, nematode

Alternative Strategies for Controlling Reproductive Infectious Diseases of Beef Cattle to Increase Reproduction Eficiency R M Abdul Adjid
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 3 (2004): SEPTEMBER 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Reproductive infectious diseases affect reproductive organs cause inefficiency in reproduction of cattle. In Indonesia, there are six infectious diseases of reproduction in beef cattle, namely Brucellosis, Leptospirosis, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Bluetongue and Toxoplasmosis. Although report of the occurrence of the diseases is limited for only certain areas of Indonesia, because of limitation of veterinary laboratories available in this country, those diseases have potential to distribute wider and cause more economic impact if the diseases were not prevented and controlled properly by the government and farmers together . Approaches should be taken for diseases control and prevention are in-flock and inter-flock of beef cattle. Alternative strategies suggested for diseases control are: (1). Flock free of the disease; (2). Biosecurity; and (3). Artificial Insemination using semen free of the diseases. Research and development of reproductive infectious diseases on beef cattle should be improved to support and contribute the development of beef cattle agribusiness program in this country. Key words: Beef cattle, mproductive infectious diseases, alternative control strategy

Clitoria ternatea, The Alternative Shrub Legume for Cattle and Corn Integration System in Timor Island Jacob Nulik
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2009): MARCH 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Cattle and maize play important roles in the dryland faming systems in Timor island of East Nusa Tenggara province, contributing to the farmers’ income, social status, and the regional food security and sources of income. However, the productivity of both commodities is low because of several problems. Lack of feed supply and management knowledge has contributed to the low cattle productivity, while lack of cultivation knowledge and the use of low productivity local maize have caused low productivity in maize. Farmers in Timor in general do not apply fertilizer to their maize plants, although lack of nitrogen (N) is evident in many of their maize fields. There is potential to improve the available N in the soils through the incorporation of herbaceous legumes, which can supply the nutrient to the soil as well as providing good quality fodders for the cattle. Among the introduced herbaceous legumes tested, Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) has shown good performances to be used as an alternative herbaceous legume in the farming system for improving soil fertility and maize production as well as to provide good quality fordder for the cattle. Key words: Crop Livestock System, herbaceous legumes, Clitoria ternatea, Timor, nitrogen fixation, maize

Peste des Petits Ruminant: Exotic Ruminant Disease That Should Be Anticipated Indrawati Sendow; Adjid RMA; NLPI Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Peste des Pettits Ruminants (PPR) is one of infectious and contagious viral diseases from morbilliviruses group in ruminants especially small ruminants. The disease was characterized by nasal and eye discharge, conjunctivitis, high fever, gastrointestinal disorder and pneumonia. Hence PPR may cause economical impact for the farmers due to the decrease of animal productivity and death. Peste des pettits ruminants is also a disease that has serious attention on the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) list. In Indonesia, the disease has not been reported, so the anticipation of entering the disease is needed. The paper will describe the disease in many aspects included transmission, host ranges, epidemiology, clinical disease, diagnosis and the ability to identify the disease in Indonesia. Key words: Peste des Pettits Ruminants, epidemiology, diagnose, ruminants

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Journal Mail Official
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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA