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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

57 58 59 60 61

Performance of Livestock Marketing in Indonesia: A Sociological Analyst of Livestock Traders Syahyuti .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The problem face by livestock agribusiness system is inefficiency marketing subsystem performance and there is weakness integrated of the others subsystem especially the production subsystem. Research on livestock marketing in Indonesia is usually limited on the economic view that is narrow coverage . This paper discusses social system aspect of livestock traders who conduct livestock marketing by applying procedure which on exclusive value system in the market economy system that is characterized by informal and traditional systems. Data of this study are secondary which include behavior of the traders. Traders face dilemma in conducting their activities as the brokers between different norm of rural and urban communities. There are ambivalent attitude ofthe livestock traders those are positive side as the agribusiness catalyst and the negative side are regarded as the source of inefficiency and unfairness of agribusiness system. Efficiently subsystem of marketing will encourage new technology implementation in the production subsystem indirectly. Set of agribusiness system should ensure fairness among the marketing actors to achieve sustainable system through understanding of traders' roles more proportionally Key words: Livestock, livestock marketing, livestock traders

Review on Sources and Handling Method of Pesticide Residues in Animal Products Indraningsih .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 2 (2006): JUNE 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Field studies and literature search showed that some pesticide residues either organochlorines (OC) or organophosphates (OP) were detected in animal products (meat and milk) . Pesticide residues in meat collected from West Java were detected at the level of 0 .8 ppb lindane and 62 ppb diazinon . While in meat from Lampung was detected at the level of 7 ppb lindane . 2 .7 heptachlor, 0 .8 endosulfan and 0 .5 ppb aldrin . Furthermore, pesticide residues were also detected in the milk collected from West, Central and East Java . The levels of lindane were 2,3 ; 15,9 ; 0,2 ppb ; heptachlor 8 ; 0 .4 and 0,05 ppb; diazinon 8 ; 0 and 1,8 ppb; CPM 0,4 ; 0,8 and 0 ppb ; endosulfan 0,1 ; 0,04 and 0,05 ppb for West, Central and East Java, respectively . The source of pesticide contamination in animal products is generally originated from feed materials, fodders . contaminated soils and water around the farm areas . Minimalization approach of pesticide residues in animal products could be conducted integratedly, such as through chemical process, biodegradation using microorganisms . Organic farming system is recognised as an alternative that may be applied to minimise contamination on agricultural land, eventually reducing pesticide residues in the agricultural products . Feeding with organic agricultural by-products with low pesticide residues appears to reduce pesticide residues in animal products . In order to eliminate pesticide contamination in soil, it has to be conducted progressively by implementing sustainable organic farming . Key words : Pesticide residues, meat, milk

Food Safety for Animal Products: The Need in The International Free Trade Sjamsul Bahri; Indraningsih .; R Widiastuti; T B Murdiati; R Maryam
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Issues of food safety, includes the food safety for the animal products grows to inhibit the incoming of low quality imported animal product which is unsafe for human being. Therefore several countries enhance to produce high quality of animal product and safe to be consumed. This paper reviews several factors that distribute to the quality and food safety in every single chain of the preparation of animal products. In pre-production step, many factors involve to the quality and safety because several contaminants and diseases can be happened in this step. Several data of diseases and contaminants which causes the negative impacts on economic, political and health will be provided in this paper. An effort to produce high quality and safe animal products can be done by implementing the HACCP in every step of preparation of it (GAP, GHP, GMP, GDP, and GRP). To assure the distribution of high quality and halal of imported animal products in Indonesia, it is necessary to give more strict regulation which is supported by infrastructure, facilities, human resources development and law enforcement. Key words: Food safety, animal products, international free trade, HACCP

The Use of Local Breed for Milk Production in Indonesia I Ketut Sutama
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2008): DECEMBER 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Buffalo (river and swamp), Hissar cattle and Etawah grade (PE) goats are three breeds of potential livestock which can be developed as dairy animals in Indonesia to increase national milk production. Riverine buffaloes (Murrah) are found only in North Sumatera province. Hissar cattle are found in a relatively small number in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara and North Sumatera provinces. Swamp buffaloes and PE goats are mostly found in Java. Under traditional management system in Indonesia, potential milk production of buffaloes varied 0.5 – 2.25 l/day, while Hissar dan PE goats produced milk of 2 – 5 l/day and 0.5 – 2 l/day, respectively. These animals are well adapted with local environmental conditions, hence, become their biological strengths. In some areas, the farmers are familiar in rearing these animals, so that development of buffalo, Hissar and PE production will be easier to be implemented. It is still required to disseminate the relevant information in order to support the improvement of people nutritional status and increase farmers’ income. Key words: Buffalo, Hissar, PE goat, milk

Animal Health and Productivity Status of Cattle After The Eruption of Mount Merapi Yulvian Sani; E S Estuningsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 4 (2011): DECEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The eruption of Merapi from October 26th to November 6th, 2010 has affected social life and environment around the Merapi. The eruption has caused destruction of land and water resources, plants, death of animals and human casualities. The lava, dust and stones released from the eruption of Merapi had caused residential destruction, casualities, agricultural land and plants destruction, and contamination of water. The eruption has directly affected 4 districts including Sleman (Yogyakarta), Magelang, Boyolali and Klaten (Central Java) categorized as Disaster Risk Area (DRA). The purpose of this assessment is to analyse the impacts of Merapi eruption in animal health and productivity in particular for dairy and beef cattle. A total of 2.828 heads of cattle was reported died during the eruption of Merapi, and 1.962 heads died at the time of eruption and 36 heads at the arrival on evacuation areas. Animal that found died including 423 heads of beef cattle (0.13%) and 2.405 heads of dairy cattle (3.2%). Clinical sains noted after the eruption were reduction of milk production, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, respiratory disturbances, mastitis and collapse. The main problems for livestock were reduction of milk production, collapse of dairy milk corporation activities and contamination of water resources. Other than dairy cattle mortality, the reduction of milk production may be caused by subclinical mastitis and environmental distress due to temperature and noise of eruption for few days. The subclinical mastitis should be further investigated to establish rehabilitation programme for dairy milk agribussiness activity in particular around the DRA of Merapi. Key words: Health, productivity, cattle, disaster, Merapi

The Philosophy of Living With Fungi Sukardi Hastiono
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 4 (2004): DECEMBER 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The philosophy of living with fungi is explained in this paper. An undeniable fact is that God creates living creatures in this world with purposes. Every creature, including fungus, has its own use and purpose. The presence of fungi, comprising mushrooms, moulds and yeast in human lives, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes human provided with intellect and thought by The Creator, observe, examine and dissect the fungus life as far as it can be done limited by the intellect and thought given. On fungi with advantages, human beings make effort to examine the behavior and characteristics so the creatures can be as far as possible used for human benefit and welfare.. Likewise, against fungi that have potency to cause disadvantages, for instance diseases, (mycoses, mycotoxicosis and fungus allergy) in human beings, animals, and plants, researches are directed to efforts in healing the diseases caused by the fungi, for example drugs for anti-fungus or similar kinds. In the later case, biological control by using other creatures with antagonistic characters has also been done by human beings. Using various more sophisticated technologies, human beings have future prospect in handling the fungi. The philosophy obtained from living with fungi is that in facing benefited fungi, human beings make effort to maximally utilize them, while in facing disadvantaged fungi, human beings seek solutions the disadvantages obtained can be eliminated or minimised as much as possible . Key words: Fungi, mushrooms, moulds, yeast, advantage, disadvantage, disease disturbance

Genetic and Biological Changes of Newcastle Disease Virus Due to The Development of Chicken Production System Sudarisman .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2009): SEPTEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

In many countries, Newcastle Disease (ND) is one of the most important diseases of poultry. It causes serious economic losses in poultry industry. Newcastle Disease or pseudo-fowl pest is a highly infectious viral disease that causes very high mortality (up to 100% in severe epidemics) in poultry and wild birds around the world. Newcastle Disease remains endemic in many regions and continues to severely limit poultry production in some developing countries. The disease is currently being controlled by routine vaccinations in many countries. However, it was reported that outbreaks of ND in vaccinated flocks often occur on the field may not only be due to differences in the antigenicity of the NDV wild field strains and vaccine strains, but could also be as a result of differences in pathogenicity and virulence between different strains used as vaccine seed in NDV vaccine production. Key words: Newcastle Disease virus, biological changes, genetic changes, chicken

Study of Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Gra1 Protein from Toxoplasma gondii Didik T Subekti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Toxoplasmosis is known as zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection. This microorganism has ability to evade immune system by forming parasitophorus vacuole (PV) formed through the phagosome vacuole modification by secreting dense granule protein (GRA). Among GRAs protein, GRA1 was selected as candidate for vaccine development. However, it remains controvercial whether the protein has adequate antigenicity and strong immunogenicity which are suitable for vaccine candidate. Some researcher reported that DNA vaccine of GRA1 was able to induce cellular mediated immunity and proinflamatoric humoral immunity. In fact, another study demonstrated that GRA1 protein was only antigenic based on their molecular weight and bioinformatic analysis.The other studies also showed that GRA1 was considered as weak immunogen based on bioinformatic studies. The ability of GRA1 protein to stimulate immune responses, both humoral and cellular mediated immunity were seemly caused by adjuvant. Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, GRA1, cellular mediated immunity, humoral immunity

Forced Molting: A Technique to Improve The Egg Production of Duck in The Next Laying Cycle Argono Rio Setioko
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 3 (2005): SEPTEMBER 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Molting is a physiological process that involves the shedding of old feathers and the growth of the new one in birds. It is affected by hormonal, where the ovary regresses and the egg production automatically ceases. Although molting is a natural phenomena, this can be induced artificially that commonly called "forced molting" by manipulating the environment such as feed, water, light or chemical compounds. This method is aimed to shed the feathers spontaneously and stop the egg production. After having a rest from laying, the birds start laying again at the same time and hopefully have a better egg production. Beside increasing egg production, forced molting could also extend the laying period up to the certain economical level. This paper describes the term of molting, process of molting and techniques of forced molting technique. Key words: Molting, forced molting, duck, egg

Processing of Sesbania Grandiflora Seed to Reduce Anti Nutritive Compounds A Irawan Sutikno
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) belongs to the family of Leguminoseae. It is potential to be developed as a feedstuff since it has a high protein content. However, it has some obstacles as it contains many anti-nutritive compounds, such as canavanine, trypsin inhibitor, saponin, tannin and alkaloids. There are many methods to remove these compounds such as by making protein concentrate and dehulling seed coat. Protein concentrate preparation gave a low yield (3.9% from original stuff). More over, the unwanted compounds only being reduced and not eliminated. Whereas dehulling process (approximately 35-40% from the whole grain) reduced more of these compounds. Dehulling seed coat is suggested to be fed to the non-ruminants. Key words : Turi (Sesbania grandiflora), anti-nutritive compounds, protein concentrate, dehulling process

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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

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Jawa barat

INDONESIA