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Jurnal Cita Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 23561440     EISSN : 2502230X     DOI : 10.15408
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other
Jurnal Cita Hukum is an international journal published by the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia. The focus is to provide readers with a better understanding of legal studies and present developments through the publication of articles, research reports, and book reviews. Jurnal Cita Hukum specializes in legal studies, and is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussions over current developments on legal issues in Indonesia as well as to publish innovative legal researches concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. Published exclusively in English, the Review seeks to expand the boundaries of Indonesian legal discourses to access English-speaking contributors and readers all over the world. The Review, hence, welcomes contributions from international legal scholars and professionals as well as from representatives of courts, executive authorities, and agencies of development cooperation. The review basically contains any topics concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. Novelty and recency of issues, however, is a priority in publishing. The range of contents covered by the Review spans from established legal scholarships and fields of law such as private laws and public laws which include constitutional and administrative law as well as criminal law, international laws concerning Indonesia, to various approaches to legal studies such as comparative law, law and economics, sociology of law and legal anthropology, and many others. Specialized legal studies concerning various aspects of life such as commercial and business laws, technology law, natural resources law and the like are also welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 716 Documents
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Crime in Ukraine in Conditions of Martial Law Olha Bohatyrova; Vasyl Yurchyshyn; Kateryna Buriak; Oleksandr Mykhalik; Valerii Marchuk
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 11, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v11i3.35788

Abstract

The article examines criminality in Ukraine in conditions of martial law. It has been proven that crime is a social phenomenon that cannot exist outside the social environment because it manifests itself in crimes and criminal misdemeanors of a certain part of society’s members. Substantiated is opinion that crime with its ideology, dynamics, and geography causes globalization processes that change, improve or worsen people’s lives, their rights and freedoms, which are undoubtedly related to many objective and subjective factors of society development. An analysis of modern concepts presented in works of domestic scientists has been carried out. The author’s definition of crime in conditions of martial law has been formulated and its main features has been revealedKeywords: Administrative-Legal Aspect, Environmental Aspect, Decentralization, Customs Aspect, Public Authority, Local Self-Government, Social Aspect.
Law and Sovereignty of the State in the Renegotiation of Freeport Contracts in Papua Khamami Zada; Mustolih Mustolih; Diana Mutia Habibaty; Lukman Hakim; Desy Purwaningsih; Trini Diyani
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 9, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v9i2.21546

Abstract

The mineral and coal mines have long been managed by foreign contracts between governments and foreigners. The position threatens the state's sovereignty over the wealth of natural resources. The study was to analyze the renege-management of Indonesia's Freeport mines in Papua. Socio-legal methods were used to analyze the renegotiation of Indonesia's Freeport management. The study found that according to the principle of state mastery over natural resources as a common property of Indonesian people's prosperity as in article 33 verses (3) constitution of 1945, the Indonesian government officially took over its 51-percent share of Freeport. It is part of an expression of national sovereignty over the management of its natural resources. With this position, Freeport's mining management is no longer based on a contract of work, but a Special Mining Business License which provides guarantees to business holders to have their licenses extended to provide certainty to mining business actors in conducting mining business in Indonesia.Keywords: Renegotiation; Freeport; State Sovereignity Hukum dan Kedaulatan Negara Dalam Renegosiasi Kontrak Freeport Di Papua Abstrak      Pertambangan mineral dan batubara selama ini dikelola pihak asing berdasarkan kontrak antara pemerintah dan pihak asing. Posisi ini sesungguhnya mengancam kedaulatan negara atas kekeyaaan sumberdaya alam. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis renegosiasi pengelolaan tambang PT Freeport Indonesia di Papua. Metode socio-legal digunakan untuk menganalisis renegosiasi pengelolaan tambang PT Freeport Indonesia. Studi ini menemukan bahwa berdasarkan prinsip penguasaan negara atas sumberdaya alam sebagai common property bangsa Indonesia untuk kemakmuran rakyat sebagaimana pasal 33 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pemerintah Indonesia secara resmi mengambil alih saham PT. Freeport Indonesia sebesar 51 %. Kebijakan ini merupakan bagian dari perwujudan kedaulatan negara atas pengelolaan sumberdaya alamnya. Dengan posisi ini, pengelolaan tambang Freeport bukan lagi berdasarkan kontrak karya, melainkan Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus yang memberikan jaminan kepada pemegang usaha untuk diperpanjang izinnya unutk memberikan kepastian kepada pelaku usaha pertambangan dalam melakukan bisnis pertambangan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Renegosiasi; Freeport; Kedaulatan Negara Закон и суверенитет государствапри пересмотре договоров Freeport в Папуа АннотацияДо настоящего времени управление добычей полезных ископаемых и угля осуществлялось иностранными сторонами на основании договоров между правительством и иностранными сторонами. Эта позиция фактически угрожает суверенитету государства над богатством природных ресурсов. Данное исследование направлено на анализ пересмотра условий руководства рудником компании Freeport Indonesia в Папуа. Социально-правовой метод был использован для анализа пересмотра условий руководства рудником компании Freeport Indonesia. Это исследование показало, что на основе принципа государственного контроля над природными ресурсами как общей собственностью индонезийского народа для процветания народа, как указано в пункте (3) статьи 33 Конституции 1945 года, правительство Индонезии официально приняло на себя акции из компании Freeport Indonesia на 51%. Эта политика является частью реализации государственного суверенитета над управлением своими природными ресурсами. С этой должностью управление горнодобывающей промышленностью Freeport больше не основывается на договоре на выполнение работ, а на специальной лицензии на горнодобывающий бизнес, которая предоставляет владельцам бизнеса гарантии продления их лицензий, чтобы обеспечить уверенность участников горнодобывающего бизнеса в ведении горнодобывающего бизнеса в Индонезии.Ключевые Слова: Пересмотр; Freeport; Государственный суверенитет
Environmental Protection and BITs of Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA: A Comparison Mohammad Belayet Hossain
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 8, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v8i3.17801

Abstract

Abstract In absence of any global treaty, the bilateral investment treaties (BITs) are playing an important role in regulating foreign investments in the host countries. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, there are 2361 BITs in force and like other members of the World Trade Organization, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and the USA also signed BITs to facilitate trade. The primary purpose of economic globalization is the economic development of the developing and least-developed countries as well as to facilitate the benefits of the home states. Bangladesh and Malaysia foreign investment laws have no specific provision of protecting the environment and fails to maintain high standard like USA environment laws. This paper addresses two questions: (a) do the bilateral investment treaties of Bangladesh, Malaysia, and USA have any specific provisions to protect the environment in the host country? (b) should environmental protection be considered during the entry of foreign investments in Bangladesh, Malaysia, and USA? Using the doctrinal research method, we critically analyzed 40 BITs signed by Bangladesh, Malaysia, and USA with different countries to explore whether there is any specific reference to protecting the environment. We find that the existing BITs mainly have provisions to promote and protect foreign investments, and 7 out of 40 BITs have a specific reference to protecting the environment. Therefore, governments should consider this important factor to insert while signing any future BITs.Keywords: Bilateral investment treaties, environmental protection, Bangladesh, Malaysia, United States of America. AbstrakJika tidak ada perjanjian global, maka perjanjian investasi bilateral (BIT) memainkan peran penting dalam mengatur investasi asing di negara setempat. Menurut Konferensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa tentang Perdagangan dan Pembangunan, ada 2.361 BIT yang masih berlaku, dan seperti anggota Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia lainnya, maka negara Bangladesh, Malaysia, dan AS juga menandatangani BIT untuk memfasilitasi perdagangan. Tujuan utama globalisasi ekonomi adalah pembangunan ekonomi negara-negara berkembang dan negara tidak berkembang, serta untuk memfasilitasi keuntungan negara asal. Undang-undang investasi asing Bangladesh dan Malaysia tidak memiliki ketentuan khusus untuk melindungi lingkungan dan gagal mempertahankan standar tinggi seperti undang-undang lingkungan AS. Makalah ini membahas dua pertanyaan: (a) apakah perjanjian investasi bilateral Bangladesh, Malaysia, dan AS memiliki ketentuan khusus untuk melindungi lingkungan di negara asal? (b) haruskah perlindungan lingkungan dipertimbangkan selama masuknya investasi asing di negara Bangladesh, Malaysia dan Amerika Serikat? Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal, penulis menganalisis secara kritis 40 BIT yang ditandatangani oleh negara Bangladesh, Malaysia dan AS dengan berbagai negara untuk mengeksplorasi apakah ada referensi khusus untuk melindungi lingkungan. Kami menemukan bahwa BIT yang ada terutama memiliki ketentuan untuk mempromosikan dan melindungi investasi asing, dan 7 dari 40 BIT memiliki referensi khusus untuk melindungi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah harus mempertimbangkan faktor penting ini untuk dimasukkan saat menandatangani BIT di masa mendatang.Kata Kunci: Perjanjian investasi bilateral, perlindungan lingkungan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Amerika Serikat. АннотацияВ отсутствие какого-либо глобального договора Двусторонние Инвестиционные Договоры (ДИД) играют важную роль в регулировании иностранных инвестиций в принимающих странах. По данным Конференции Организации Объединенных Наций по торговле и развитию в настоящее время действует 2361 ДИД, и, как и другие члены Всемирной Торговой Организации, Бангладеш, Малайзия и США также подписали ДИД для облегчения торговли. Основная цель экономической глобализации – это экономическое развитие развивающихся и наименее развитых стран, а также получение выгод для стран базирования. Законы Бангладеш и Малайзии об иностранных инвестициях не содержат конкретных положений о защите окружающей среды и не поддерживают высокие стандарты, такие как законы США об окружающей среде. В настоящей статье рассматриваются два вопроса: (а) есть ли в Двусторонних Инвестиционных Договорах Бангладеш, Малайзии и США какие-либо конкретные положения по защите окружающей среды в принимающей стране? (б) следует ли учитывать защиту окружающей среды при ввозе иностранных инвестиций в Бангладеш, Малайзию и США? Используя метод доктринального исследования, мы критически проанализировали 40 ДИД, подписанных Бангладеш, Малайзией и США с разными странами, чтобы выяснить , есть ли какие-либо конкретные ссылки на защиту окружающей среды. Мы обнаружили, что существующие ДИД в основном содержат положения о поощрении и защите иностранных инвестиций, а 7 из 40 ДИД содержат конкретные ссылки на защиту окружающей среды. Таким образом, правительству следует учитывать этот важный фактор при подписании будущих ДИД.Ключевые слова: Двусторонние инвестиционные договоры, охрана окружающей среды , Бангладеш, Малайзия, Соединенные Штаты Америки
Политика Уполномоченного По Правам Человека На Государственной Службе В Республике Татарстан, Россия (Policies of The Commissioner For Human Rights In Public Service In The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) Stanislav Vladimirov Mladenov; Gine Putri Pertiwi; Refly Setiawan; Siti Indarini Nur Faizah; Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 9, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v9i1.20131

Abstract

AbstractThe Commissioner for Human Rights is a government institution that provides protection for the rights of the people in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The establishment of the Human Rights Commissioner in the Russian Federation as a state body is one of the most important achievements of the transformation of democracy in Russia. In the Republic of Tatarstan, the Institute of Commissioners for Human Rights was established in 2000 in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan to strengthen guarantees of state protection of human and civil rights and freedoms, to promote their observance and respect. by state agencies, local governments and officials. This study aims to explain how the Policies of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan are related to public services and to find out how the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Republic of Tatarstan provides the best service for the entire community. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach. The results show that the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan has made a policy that is appropriate for the welfare of the community and carries out its duties properly based on the main duties and functions of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan.Keywords: Policy, Commissioner for Human Rights, Public Services, Society of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia AbstrakKomisaris Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan sebuah lembaga pemerintahan yang memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak masyarakat di Republik Tatarstan, Rusia. Pembentukan lembaga Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Federasi Rusia sebagai badan negara merupakan salah satu capaian terpenting dari transformasi demokrasi di Rusia. Di Republik Tatarstan, Lembaga Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia didirikan pada tahun 2000 sesuai dengan Konstitusi Republik Tatarstan untuk memperkuat jaminan perlindungan negara atas hak asasi dan kebebasan manusia dan sipil, untuk mempromosikan ketaatan dan penghormatan mereka. oleh badan-badan negara bagian, pemerintah daerah dan pejabat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Kebijakan Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Republik Tatarstan terkait dengan pelayanan public dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Tatarstan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi seluruh masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di  Republik Tatarstan telah membuat suatu kebijakan yang tepat bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat dan menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik berdasarkan tugas pokok dan fungsi Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Republik Tatarstan.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan,  Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia, Pelayanan Publik, Masyarakat Republik Tatarstan, Rusia АннотацияУполномоченный по правам человека - это государственное учреждение, обеспечивающее защиту прав людей в Республике Татарстан, Россия. Создание Уполномоченного по правам человека в Российской Федерации как государственного органа - одно из важнейших достижений трансформации демократии в России. В Республике Татарстан Институт уполномоченных по правам человека был создан в 2000 году в соответствии с Конституцией Республики Татарстан с целью усиления гарантий государственной защиты прав и свобод человека и гражданина, содействия их соблюдению и уважению. государственными органами, органами местного самоуправления и должностными лицами. Это исследование направлено на объяснение того, как политика Уполномоченного по правам человека в Республике Татарстан связана с государственными услугами, и на то, чтобы выяснить, как Уполномоченный по правам человека Республики Татарстан предоставляет наилучшие услуги для всего сообщества. Метод, использованный в этом исследовании, представляет собой качественный метод исследования с подходом описательного анализа. Результаты показывают, что Уполномоченный по правам человека в Республике Татарстан разработал политику, которая соответствует благосостоянию общества и выполняет свои обязанности должным образом, исходя из основных обязанностей и функций Уполномоченного по правам человека в Республике Татарстан. Татарстан.Ключевые слова: Политика, Уполномоченный по правам человека, Государственные службы, Общество Республики Татарстан, Россия  
Legal Framework of Employing Autonomous Navigation Technologies in Maritime Transport Vessels: Challenges and Benefits from Stakeholder Perspectives Abdelhady, Mahmoud Abd Elgawwad
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i3.42268

Abstract

The study aims to explore the challenges of employing autonomous navigation technologies in maritime transport vessels by identifying the main challenges and assessing their relation to the readiness of the legislative framework. The methodology conducted for this study is semi-structured interviews to collect data, and participants were recruited via snowball sampling. This method was a series of one-on-one, open-ended interviews with a variety of stakeholders involved in maritime transportation, including "maritime transport experts, technicians, legal professionals, maritime insurance experts, captains, maritime observers, port officials, officials in maritime transport companies, and crew members of maritime transport vessels, along with experts in control and remote sensing systems." Data was gathered in two stages: the first involved in-person and remote interviews focused on exploring the challenges and benefits of employing autonomous navigation technologies in maritime transport vessels. In the second stage, the main challenges identified in the first round were presented again to the experts to evaluate their impact on the readiness of the legislative framework. The methodology ensured sufficient data collection, reaching a saturation point, which enhanced the reliability of the results. The study's results confirm the strong relationship between overcoming the challenges facing autonomous navigation technologies in maritime transport vessels and utilising these technologies. It also confirms the direct impact of the expansion of autonomous navigation technologies on the legal status of the ship and maritime navigation personnel. This entails the need for innovative standards to ensure safety and determine legal responsibilities in line with the unique risks associated with autonomous navigation technologies. The study offers a distinctive contribution by exploring the challenges of employing autonomous navigation technologies in maritime transport vessels and analysing the challenges and benefits from multiple, realistic perspectives. This contributes to creating a suitable environment for employing autonomous navigation technologies in maritime transport vessels, achieving the benefits of these technologies, and overcoming the challenges.
Classification of Circumstances that Contributed to the Commission of a Crime in the Legislation of the Russian Federation Volkova, Galina; Ivanov, Dmitriy; Vasyukov, Vitaliy; Polyakov, Sergey; Batyukova, Vera
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i2.39698

Abstract

In the article, the authors consider the most pressing issues related to the classification of circumstances that contributed to the commission of a crime in Russian legislation. It is established that the factors that make it possible to classify the above circumstances are: the identity of the suspect (accused); the living conditions and upbringing of the person who committed the crime; the circle of communication of the person who committed the crime; the circumstances of the origin of criminal intent; the circumstances that made it possible to achieve criminal goals; circumstances of an objective nature, the totality of which allows you to commit a specific crime; the absence of preventive measures and preventive work in the presence of appropriate conditions. The authors substantiate the position that the considered factors, according to which the classification of the circumstances under study was carried out, are conditional and are not exhaustive in their essence. At the same time, the classification of the circumstances under consideration by the authors allows the head of the investigative body and the investigator to correctly and competently plan their daily activities aimed at identifying, proving and eliminating them. In conclusion, the authors conclude that the classification of circumstances that contributed to the commission of a crime is necessary to build an algorithm of actions to identify, prove and eliminate them at all stages of pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. Only when all three dominants are achieved (identification, proof, elimination) will the goals of criminal proceedings be achieved.
Legal Prospects of Temporary Protection for Citizens of Ukraine in the Member States of the European Union Kozhura, Liudmyla; Zadereiko, Svitlana; Ryzhuk, Yuliia; Vlasenko, Valentyna; Zamryha, Artur
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i3.42807

Abstract

The article examines the legal prospects of the international mechanism of temporary protection for citizens of Ukraine in the member states of the EU. The issue of temporary protection is regulated by Directive 2001/55/EC dated July 20, 2001, which was activated for the first time in history by EU Council Decision 2022/382 dated March 4, 2022, which provides immediate protection and access to rights in the EU, including the right to residence, access to housing, access to the labour market, access to education for children, the right to medical and social assistance. The Directive 2001/55/EC was activated for the first time in history for Ukrainians who were fleeing war masse after the full-scale invasion of the Russian army in Ukraine, and the 3-year period is the maximum for its effect. However, the war in Ukraine continues, and the EU Council decided to extend temporary protection for Ukrainian citizens in the member states of the European Union until March 4, 2026. Experts' predictions regarding when the war in Ukraine will end vary greatly (from this year to decades). Therefore, the issue of the legal status of Ukrainian citizens in the member states of the European Union becomes relevant, and options for a solution need to be found. However, temporary legal status for an indefinite period is not the best solution; citizens of Ukraine found themselves in EU member states in waiting mode without a time frame. This does not contribute to the full integration of Ukrainians into European society or to their decision to return to Ukraine. The article aims to analyse possible legal options for solving this issue based on the complex use of such methods of scientific knowledge as historical, formal-legal, comparative-legal and prognostic. It was concluded that in modern political conditions, it is necessary to look for a permanent legal mechanism for the stay of citizens of Ukraine in the EU member states rather than a temporary one.
Legal Policy Study on the Authority and Responsibility of Nadzir in Waqf Management Hidayat, Yusup; Machmud, Aris; Lubis, Rahmad
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i2.42289

Abstract

Wakf plays a pivotal role in Muslims' economic development and social welfare. The nadir, as the manager of waqf assets, possesses the legal authority and responsibility to optimize waqf utilization in conformity with Sharia principles. Nonetheless, in practice, numerous problems and constraints frequently impede the efficacy of nadzir's job. This article seeks to examine the legal framework governing the power and responsibilities of nadir in waqf administration in Indonesia, intending to identify the support and challenges encountered by nadir in managing waqf assets. This study employs a qualitative methodology utilizing a literature review and a legislative analysis, encompassing an examination of Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf and its associated regulations alongside diverse scholarly material pertinent to waqf management. The study's findings suggest that while legal frameworks in Indonesia establish a foundation for nadzir's power, it is necessary to enhance laws and governmental assistance to optimize waqf management. In conclusion, incentive policies and enhanced competence of nadzir are essential to augment efficiency and transparency in waqf management, so enabling a more significant contribution to community welfare. 
Digital Data Collection of 3 kg LPG Purchasers - Transformation of 3 kg LPG Subsidy as Implementation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree No. IX. 37.K/KMG.01/MEM.M/2023 Gintings, Irto Petrus; Suryanti, Nyulistiowati
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i3.42158

Abstract

The energy needs, especially for subsidized LPG 3 kg, have increased by more than 700% compared to the initial program of kerosene-to-LPG conversion in 2007. The distribution of 3 kg LPG is now widespread across almost all of Indonesia. Currently, 95% of LPG usage is subsidized category. As a result, subsidies for 3 kg LPG have consistently risen annually. Meanwhile, the price gap between subsidized and non-subsidized LPG has widened, leading to widespread illegal filling practices. Ironically, eligible citizens often struggle to obtain 3 kg LPG. Due to broad criteria allowing almost anyone to purchase it. This study aims to analyze government policies aimed at more targeted subsidy transformation. Utilizing a juridical-normative research method, it examines the regulations governing the distribution of 3 kg LPG and the underlying policies for subsidy transformation. The desired outcome is for the government to ensure that the subsidy for 3 kg LPG reaches its intended targets through adequate regulations. Revision of Presidential Regulation 104/2007 is deemed necessary to clarify criteria for 3 kg LPG users and enable effective implementation. Ministerial Decision No. 37.K/MG.01/MEM.M/2023 mandates businesses to gather buyer data via web-based applications, enabling cross- referencing with welfare rankings from relevant ministries/agencies based on buyer names and addresses. The digitalization effort by government-appointed entities in data collection for 3 kg LPG buyers aims to ensure that subsidies reach the eligible Indonesian citizens.
International Relations in the Perspective of Fiqh al-Siyasah Abdillah, Masykuri; Masyrofah, Masyrofah
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 12, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v12i2.32248

Abstract

This article analyses the concept and practice of international relations according to fiqh al-siyasah, which is related to war and peace, international law, diplomacy, and international cooperation. This study emphasises the normative concept of international relations (al-‘alâqât al-dauliyyah) using international relations studies and international law. Thus, the sources of data or information in this study are the Quran, Hadis, the opinions of Muslim scholars (ulama) and theories of international relations and international law. Since the beginning, Islam has provided guidelines on relations between groups and kingdoms, which in today's context refer to international relations. In addition to the principles of international relations, the Quran and Hadith also provide normative references, which the Muslim scholars formulated as international law. Philosophically, there is a difference between secular international law and Islamic law derived from revelation understood by contextual ijtihad. However, at present, the majority of Muslim scholars believe that, in general, there is compatibility between the principles of modern international law and the principles of Islamic law, especially in the form of agreements ('uhûd and mawâtsiq), customs ('âdât), and ratio ('aql), which also recognised by Islamic law.

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