Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies
Al-Jamiah invites scholars, researchers, and students to contribute the result of their studies and researches in the areas related to Islam, Muslim society, and other religions which covers textual and fieldwork investigation with various perspectives of law, philosophy, mysticism, history, art, theology, sociology, anthropology, political science and others.
Articles
1,223 Documents
Muslim Womenâs Politics in Advancing Their Gender Interests: A Case-Study of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah in Indonesia New Order Era
Syamsiyatun, Siti
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 45, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2007.451.57-89
This article analyses a strategy of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah, a youth Muslim women organization, in developing its ideology and the importance of gender in the reign of New Order Indonesia (1966-1998). In the name of political stability, the New Order applied a tight political control towards mass-religious based organizations and tried to minimize their militancy by forming new womenâs movement organizations such as Dharma Wanita and PKK that are easily controlled by the government. As an Islamic women organization, Nasyiatul Aisyiyah underwent the surveillance practiced by the government via those two bodies; however Nasyiatul Aisyiyah could constantly maintain its entity as an Islamic women organization. In the 1980s when the New Order Regime was predominantly in power, Nasyiatul Aisyiyah held negotiations and adapted to the governmental gender policy to assure the position and the interests of young women.
The Economic Factors of the âAbbasid Decline During the Buwayhid Rule in the Fourth/Tenth Century
Tholib, Udjang
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 47, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2009.472.343-376
Abbasid caliphate in the fourth/tenth century suffered from a sharp economic decline. This was the result of several factors, mainly civil wars, the Zanj and Qarmatian revolts, political interference by the Turkish and Daylamite soldiers, military iqtaâ and the activity of the âayyarun. The civil wars had a destructive effect on the city of Baghdad and its citizens, ruined most of the land and caused a devaluation of dirham and dinars. The revolts of the Zanj and Qarmatians paralyzed trade in southern Iraq leading to a stagnation of currency and the banking system and a decrease in financial activity. The involvement of the Turkish and Daylamite soldiers in politics, and rivalries among them to gain power, led to the devastation of canals, dams and consequently ruined the agricultural sector. In addition, the introduction of military iqtaâ during this period resulted in the damage of cultivated lands due to their excessive exploitation and abandonment of their irrigation system. Finally, the activities of the âayyarun in looting merchants goods, burning many houses, and killing people, inflicted considerable loss on the merchants, encouraging the latter to leave Baghdad and do business in other cities.
Muslim Libraries in History
Laugu, Nurdin
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 43, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2005.431.57-97
Secara historis, perpustakaan Islam telah memberikan banyak kontribusi dalam sejarah perkembangan peradaban dan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya di kalangan ummat Islam. Isu perpustakaan Islam yang sangat menarik dan bahkan kontroversial dalam perjalanan sejarah Islam adalah, misalnya, eksistensi dan kejayaan perpustakaan Bayt al-Hikmah di Baghdad pada abad II Hijriyyah. Selain itu, perlu dicatat bahwa fenomena semacam ini banyak ditemukan dalam literatur-literatur wacana perpustakaan Islam. Isu yang menarik pula adalah kemunculan perpustakaan Muslim telah berbasis dari awal pembentukan masyarakat Islam, misalnya penyediaan koleksi-koleksi al-Quran di masjid dan mushalla serta tempat ibadah lainnya. Tulisan ini mencoba menelusuri dan membangun tipologi perpustakaan Muslim dan menjajaki isu-isu kemunculan dan perkembangan sampai stagnasinya. Wacana pertama yang disodorkan adalah asal-usul perpustakaan Islam, yang bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana perpustakaan mengalami perkembangan dan kemajuan dalam masyarakat Islam. Pembahasan selanjutnya mengenai temuan-temuan dari beragam literatur tentang perpustakaan di kalangan masyarakat Islam untuk membangun tipologi perpustakaan Muslim yang dianggap merepresentasikan jenis-jenis perpustakaan Muslim dalam sejarah perkembangan Islam. Terakhir adalah wacana yang mencoba untuk mengeksplorasi proses stagnasi dan bahkan keruntuhan perpustakaan Islam.
Ethnicity-Based Religiousity: Multi-Faceted Islam in Miami, USA, in the Age of War on Terrorism
Muttaqin, Ahmad;
Maarif, Samsul
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 44, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2006.442.275-294
Minoritas muslim seringkali menunjukkan perilaku yang ambigu. Satu sisi mereka mendambakan pengakuan dan perlakukan yang tidak diskriminatif dari kalangan mayoritas-non Muslim, namun di sisi lain ada âkeenggananâ untuk berbaur dengan kelompok mayoritas. Tulisan ini menguraikan dua tipe minoritas Muslim di Miami, Florida, Amerika Serikat, Muslim imigran dan Muslim kelahiran Amerika, serta menjelaskan berbagai faktor keengganan mereka dalam berbaur dengan mayoritas non Muslim. Di antara faktor keengganan tersebut adalah kesulitan mereka mencari rujukan ajaran Islam yang melegitimitasi âetika proaktif â minoritas terhadap mayoritas, segmentasi etnis, kebangsaan dan paham keagamaan minoritas Muslim, serta beban psikis mereka yang merasa belum sepenuhnya menjadi warga negara Amerika Serikat. Dibandingkan kaum Muslim imigran yang sebagian besar berasal dari Timur Tengah dan Pakistan, kaum Muslim keturunan Afrika yang lahir di Amerika cenderung lebih terbuka dan aktif berbaur dengan kelompok mayoritas non-Muslim. Sikap ini ternyata berkorelasi positif dengan perlakukan yang mereka peroleh pasca tragedy 9/11. Kelompok pertama merasa selalu menjadi target operasi anti teror pemerintah Amerika, sedangkan kelompok kedua justru menekankan bahwa mereka adalah korban dari terorisme tersebut.
Genesis and Development of A âNonpartisanâ Political Actor: The Formation of the Jamaâah Islah Malaysia (JIM) and its Roots in Western Europe
Lemiere, Sophie
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 47, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2009.471.49-90
This paper looks at the genesis and development of the Jamaâah Islah Malaysia (JIM), a modernist-reformist Islamist organisation that today has played a vital and visible role in the political landscape of Malaysian politics. Little is known about the early genesis of JIM, and how it began in the 1970s and 1980s as a student-based cadre organisation, created by Malaysian Muslim students studying abroad in Europe and North America. JIMâs roots therefore lie in the Islamic Representative Council (IRC) that was a semi-underground student-cadre movement that was created outside Malaysia, and which aimed to bring about the Islamisation of Malaysian society through the process of social and political mobilisation. Working through the archives of JIM today and interviewing the foundermembers of JIM and the IRC, this paper is the first historical account of the formation and development of IRC and JIM to be published.
Editorial: Muslim World Current Issues
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 44, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2006.441.vii-viii
Globalisation has proofed its self as a very spectacular phenomenon until no one may deny its impacts, but on the other hand, it reflexively suggests localization of the global. In this context, religion is not exclusion. It remains believed however, that religion still has its formula for solving the problems that emerged from globalisation. Scholars have devoted attempts to propose new ideas for this challenge. Local interpretations of symbols representing âglobalâ Islam, for instance, increasingly grow in line with the growth of Islamic revival. This has drawn very much attention and responses from Muslims, whether to protest against or support for the new idea. The present edition of the journal is designed to more deeply explore the current issues from Muslim world, whether as very local phenomena or in a more global context.
Analysing the Stateâs Laws on Religious Education in Post-New Order Indonesia
Yusuf, Mohamad;
Sterkens, Carl
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 53, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2015.531.105-130
This article aims to analyse the Indonesian Stateâs laws regarding models of religious education, by evaluating Law No. 20/2003, concerning the national system of education and other related laws. Two questions are highlighted: What type of religious education is favoured by Indonesian state? Does the preference for a certain type of religious education reflect a specific vision of the state-religion relationship? Our data consisted of two sources: the Stateâs law on national education system, Law No. 20/2003, and the minutes of the Indonesian parliament meeting approving the law. We found that Law No. 20/2003 expresses the preference of the government for a mono-religious model. Indonesia is categorized as having preferred treatment for some religions or support for a particular religious tradition. This categorisation is confirmed by the results of our research findings indicated by the preferential treatment delivered by the State, and the Stateâs legislation and regulations on religion.[Tulisan ini menganalisis legislasi negara terhadap pendidikan agama dengan cara mengevaluasi UU No. 20/2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional beserta perundang-undangan terkait lainnya. Dua pertanyaan berusaha untuk dijawab dalam tulisan ini, yaitu: Model pendidikan agama yang bagaimana yang menjadi preferensi negara? Apakah preferensi tersebut merefleksikan visi negara terhadap model relasi negara-agama tertentu? Tulisan ini merujuk kepada dua data utama, yaitu: UU No. 20/2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional serta Risalah Rapat Paripurna ke-35 DPR RI tahun 2003 yang mengesahkan UU No. 20/2003. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa UU Sistem Pendidikan Nasional merefleksikan preferensi negara terhadap model pendidikan agama mono-relijius. Model pendidikan mono-religius ini merefleksikan preferensi negara terhadap model relasi negara-agama preferensial; negara mengakui lebih dari satu agama resmi dan memberi dukungan kepada institusi-institusinya, yang direfleksikan melalui legislasi dan peraturan terkait agama.]
Paradigm Shift in Islamic Studies
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 46, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2008.462.vii-x
In the early 1990s, there was a heated debate among students of IAIN (the State Institute for Islamic Studies) Sunan KalijagaYogyakarta about the future of Islamic studies, focusing on the possibilityof incorporating Thomas Kuhnâs paradigm to the discourse ofIslamic studies. Kuhn explains in detail the rise and decline of scientificparadigm in his classic work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions,firstly published in 1970. Paradigm is defined as a set of beliefs thatguides the researchers to address some important problems or issuesunder a certain theoretical framework and provides procedures how tosolve those problems. A paradigm shift is a process whereby a newway of perceiving the world comes into existence and is accepted byscholars in a given time. Kuhn proposed two conditions for paradigmshift; first, the presence of anomalies in ânormal scienceâ, and secondly,the presence of alternative paradigm.
The Reliability of the Traditional Science of Hadith: A Critical Reconsideration
Amin, Kamaruddin
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 43, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2005.432.255-281
Satu hal yang begitu krusial dalam studi hadis adalah adanya fakta bahwa kodifikasi hadis dilakukan pada waktu yang cukup jauh dari peristiwa-peristiwa yang dinarasikannya. Untuk itu, tulisan ini memfokuskan pada metode-metode yang digunakan untuk menenetukan keotentikan hadis. Dengan demikian, riset ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk menempatkan hadis dalam studi Islam. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan isnad yang didukung dengan metode komparatif, pendekatan Barat dan Timur. Metode ini diperkuat dengan karya-karya dan literaturliteratur para ahli hadis Barat dan Timur. Tulisan ini akhirnya menegaskan bahwa dasar-dasar kritreria dalam menentukan keotentikan hadis dan evaluasi kritis terhadap bentuk-bentuk dalam mentransmisikan hadis merupakan hal yang fundamental untuk dipertimbangkan. Walaupun demikian, bentuk-bentuk itu tidak mudah diinvestigasi karena mereka dapat digunakan secara bergantian. Begitu juga dengan ulumul hadis yang masih perlu dipertanyakan tentang keselarasannya dengan praktek pentransmisian dan kritik terhadap hadis pada masanya.
Current Debates in the Post-Soeharto Indonesian Islam: Examining the Intellectual Base of Liberal and Anti-liberal Islamic Movement
Muzakki, Akh.
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 45, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre
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DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2007.452.321-366
This article discusses intensively the current debate between those who support and against liberalism within pluralized Indonesian muslims. The two groups are represented by JIL (Jaringan Islam Liberal) and MD (Media Dakwah). The author compares three fundamental aspects of religious interpretations: epistemological assumptions, methodological framework, and subject-matter. Epistemological assumptions deal with philosophical foundations that are employed by JIL and MD as principles to understand Islam. Methodological framework means the way the two groups understand and interpret Islam and its teaching based on their philosophical foundations. In terms of subject-matter, the author discusses six issues, namely (1) ijtihad, (2) approaches to text, (3) the meaning of truth, (4) the minority and the oppressed, (5) freedom of religion, and (6) mundane and spiritual authority. From the three fundamental aspects of religious interpretations that are compared, the author concludes that JIL is a group of muslims who understand Islam by implementing liberalism, while MD represents a group of muslim who promote conservatism, purification, and anti-liberalism within Indonesian Islam.