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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 47 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)" : 47 Documents clear
The potential of fungi isolated from palm oil mill effluent (POME) for mycoremediation of water contaminated with pome waste Zakaria, Zakaria; Ilmi, Miftahul; Kasiamdari, Rina Sri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9153

Abstract

POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) is a liquid waste from fresh fruit bunch oil extraction that can damage the environment if the content of the waste is not processed correctly. This study aimed to determine fungi species that can potentially be POME waste remediation agents. Several stages carried out in this study included the isolation of fungi from POME waste, screening potential fungal isolates based on qualitative amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease enzyme tests, and analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), oil and fat, and pH of POME waste liquid. There were 100 fungal isolates from POME waste disposal: 25 produced cellulase, 25 produced amylase, 25 produced protease, and 23 were capable of producing lipase. Based on the morphological characterization and confirmation by the molecular identification, the selected potential fungal isolate T3(16) was identified as Eutypella sp. The spectrophotometer test for optimal POME waste degradation showed that the degradation percentage by Eutypella sp. isolate T3(16) was 77.82% at a waste concentration of 25% with an incubation time of 168 hours. SEM results from Eutypella sp. T3(16) showed that fungal cells were damaged, with thickening observed as a defense mechanism against environmental stressors and the POME waste biosorbent process. The results of the physicochemical test showed a reduction of 95.10% in BOD, 95.15% in COD, 99.94% in Oil and Fat, and 94.77% in TSS, while the pH increased from 5.0 to 7.2.
The impact of nickel mining on vegetation cover in a small island: a case study in Manuran Island, Raja Ampat, Indonesia Adidharma, Mohammad Afdhal; Mu’min Z, Nurul; Santrio, Adam; Idris, Andi Azwar Anas; Fatmi, Anggun Rahmi Diah; Awaluddin, Awaluddin; Pindasari, Nanang; Ermawati, Elly; Padyawan, Andhy Rahmat; Sirniawan, Sirniawan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9211

Abstract

The exploitation of small islands (area less than 2000 km²) for mining activities can negatively impact vegetation conditions, as observed on Manuran Island in West Papua Province. This study aimed to assess the environmental impact of mining on Manuran Island by analyzing spatial and temporal changes in vegetation indices using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method to classify land cover using Landsat 7 ETM satellite imagery and Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The NDVI classification grouped four land cover types: non-vegetation, open soil, sparse vegetation, and moderate vegetation. The analysis revealed a significant increase in non-vegetation land cover from 2002 to 2015, indicating a direct impact from mining activities. However, between 2015 and 2025, the area classified as non-vegetation tended to decrease gradually. Conversely, open soil and sparse vegetation experienced a notable decline from 2002 to 2015, followed by a minor decrease in the subsequent period. In contrast, moderate vegetation steadily increased from 2002 to 2025, suggesting a recovery process in the vegetation. To accelerate the environmental and vegetation recovery process, several revegetation strategies, including reclamation, selection of native and pioneer species, and soil improvement techniques, are recommended. The findings of this study suggest that the reduction in mining activity intensity on Manuran Island has contributed positively to ecosystem recovery and that direct interventions are needed to accelerate environmental recovery.
Geochemical stability of reclaimed coal mine waste dump: Implications for pit lake water quality and post-mining landscape utilization Triwibowo, Didik; Elma, Muthia; Suhartono, Eko; Riduan, Rony; Noor, Ihsan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9059

Abstract

Open-pit coal mining operations require the removal of overburden and the creation of waste dump piles. Waste dump management must consider the classification of the material, specifically whether it is Potentially Acid-Forming (PAF) or Non-Acid-Forming (NAF), based on its geochemical characteristics. This paper examined the geochemical stability of a 10-year-old coal mining overburden waste dump in Paringin, South Kalimantan, which has since been revegetated. Samples were taken from the upstream and downstream sections of the catchment area, based on the NAF homogeneous type of overburden moved to the waste dump area during the reclamation process. This was achieved by creating a soil profile to a depth of 120 cm, resulting in nine samples for each soil profile. The analysis results in the upstream and downstream sections suggested the capacity to neutralize acid. The conclusion was that the overall waste dump has stable geochemical conditions with lower acid mine drainage generation, as represented by a negative NAPP, due to the presence of adequate ANC to neutralize acidity from the Sulfur content in the upstream section and low total Sulfur in the downstream section. The geochemical stability of the waste dump, which is NAF, has a significant influence on the water quality of Paringin Pit Lake, where all surface water from the catchment area flows. These results indicated that no AMD generation occurs in the water of Paringin Pit Lake. With no potency for AMD generation, the overall post-mining landscape could have potential future utilization.
Spatial correlation between coastal distance and pyrite pH in acid sulfate soils of Paser, East Kalimantan Setianingsih, Titin Eka; Bagus Adi Nugroho; Raden Mas Nurhartanto; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9071

Abstract

Acid sulfate soils derived from marine or tidal swamp sediments containing pyrite (FeS?) pose major challenges to agricultural productivity due to their tendency to generate sulfuric acid upon oxidation. The soils are widely distributed in tropical lowland paddy fields and constitute a significant constraint to both soil fertility and crop yields. This study aimed to investigate the spatial correlation between coastal distance and pyrite-related soil acidity in paddy fields of Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Soil samples collected from twelve sampling sites in Tanah Grogot and Long Kali Subdistricts were analyzed for initial pH and pH after hydrogen peroxide oxidation. The distances to the coastline were measured using ArcGIS Pro. The results showed that ?pH values ranged from 2.2 to 4.4, with the highest value recorded in Muara Telake (?pH = 4.4, 2.18 km from the coastline). Statistical analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between ?pH and distance from the coast (r = -0.50, p<0.05). Regression analysis further indicated that each unit increase in ?pH corresponded to a reduction of approximately        3.01 km in coastal distance. This study highlighted ?pH as a reliable indicator for identifying potential acid sulfate soil risk zones, particularly in paddy fields within 5 km of the coastline. By integrating soil acidity indicators with lime requirement estimates, the study also identified the potential of coal fly ash (CFA) as a cost-effective amendment to mitigate acidity and improve soil fertility.
Predicting landscape transitions with machine learning: a case study of the Nagavalli Basin (2000-2030) Maarouf, Ruba; Mahammood, Vazeer; Rao, P. Jagadeeswara
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9225

Abstract

Land-use alterations and changes in land cover (LULC) in the Nagavalli Basin from the years 2000 to 2030 were incisively formulated through machine learning methods. Five years after 2000, this study was adopted to provide a thirty-year cumulative assessment period. Considering 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, and finally 2025, satellite imagery was analyzed for LULC using a Random Forest (RF) classification model. To create the LULC scenario for the year 2030, the classified data set for this study was applied to ANN modeling techniques, projecting historical trends for future scenario forecasting. The results showed a drastic reduction of agricultural land, dwindling from 32.15% in 2000 to an estimated 6.32% by 2030. Forest cover underwent another decrease, from 50.30 to 32.56%. Impressive growth pressures on the natural ecosystem have increased aquaculture from 0.61% in 2000 to 8.03% in 2030 in terms of land use priorities. Also, a significant increase in wasteland has been projected, with estimates indicating that by 2030, wastelands will encompass 35.03% of the study area. Regarding the relative increase in built-up area percentage, a continuous upward trend indicates that gradual urbanization has also been taking place. Grasslands had an erratic pattern but skyrocketed towards the year 2030, while water bodies across the study area maintained their coherence. The combined effort by the RF and ANN models resulted in an impressive performance towards historical classifications and future predictions. The phenomenal transformation patterns of LULC indicate the anthropogenic pressure exerted on the Nagavalli Basin and would motivate and signal.
Improving substrate properties and foxtail millet growth in gold mine tailings using Azotobacter consortium Hindersah, Reginawanti; Adawiah, Aliya Zahrah; Suryatmana, Pujawati; Sule, Marenda Ishak Sonjaya; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Dewi, Triyani
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9293

Abstract

Improper disposal of mercury (Hg)-contaminated tailings on agricultural fields can reduce land quality for food production. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Azotobacter consortium, comprising Azotobacter tropicalis S5, A. vinelandii S6a, and A. chrooccocum S9, on the Carbon-to-Nitrogen (C/N) ratio and Hg levels in tailings as well as foxtail millet growth, biomass, and mercury in plants. The experiment used a randomized block design with three levels of Azotobacter liquid inoculant, i.e., 3, 15, and 30 mL per pot, and six replications. The control did not receive inoculant. After six weeks, the treatment did not alter the pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, or total mercury levels in the soil; however, it did promote an increase in shoot height and leaf number, without affecting plant biomass. Applying 30 mL/pot of Azotobacter inoculant enhanced Azotobacter and total bacterial populations in the rhizosphere. The Azotobacter inoculant did not alter nitrogen uptake but potentially reduced mercury content in the plants. The Pearson’s test showed that Azotobacter levels in the substrate were significantly correlated with the decreased mercury content of plants. These findings suggest that the application of the Azotobacter consortium can lead to improved plant growth and a reduction in mercury uptake by millet plants grown in tailing-based substrate. Further research is necessary to develop more effective inoculants and extend the study period.
Geospatial analysis of land degradation and settlement in Barru Regency: Implications for sustainable land management Amiruddin, Hamman Badruttamanan; Arif, Samsu; Sakka, Sakka
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9081

Abstract

Residential zones are designated for housing and activities that support livelihoods. In Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, a growing population has increased the demand for residential land, intensifying land degradation issues such as landslides in Bulobulo Village, erosion in the Lisu Watershed, and mangrove loss on Pannikiang Island, which is fueled by unsustainable land use and mining practices. This study examined the relationship between population size and optimal settlement land, while assessing the compatibility of suitable land with the Barru Regency Spatial Plan (RTRW) for the period 2011-2031. The methodology employed geospatial analysis using GIS overlay techniques and mathematical modeling, incorporating flood and landslide vulnerability to evaluate carrying capacity. Results revealed that all sub-districts had a carrying capacity index (DDPm) above 1, but only 1,563.2 ha of the 33,694.2 ha identified as suitable overlapped with RTRW allocations, exposing a critical mismatch. This mismatch indicates that current spatial planning does not adequately integrate land degradation risks. The findings provide evidence-based guidance for revising the RTRW, supported by practical restoration strategies, including reforestation of degraded watersheds, slope stabilization in landslide-prone areas, and community-based mangrove rehabilitation. By linking geospatial mapping with management recommendations, this study contributes a novel framework for sustainable and disaster-resilient settlement planning on degraded lands.
Groundwater quality assessment and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Jassan District, eastern Iraq Al-Mayyahi, Sattar Obaid Maiws; Al-Zamili, Hussein Ali Awadh
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9095

Abstract

Sustainable development in semi-arid and dry regions relies on maintaining freshwater resources, which necessitates thoughtful management of groundwater. Groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking in the Iraqi city of Jassan was evaluated in this study using the following methods: hydrogeochemical ion analysis, water quality standard comparison, the Water Quality Index (WQI), the Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG), the sodium absorption ratio (SAR), the residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and the sodium soluble content (Na%). Seventeen wells were used to gather the groundwater samples. The Water Quality Index (WQI) study found that groundwater in 82.4% of the study area was not fit for human consumption, with 17.6% falling into the poor category and being better suited for other uses.   According to the PIG, the majority of samples from the study area are not suitable for human consumption. Depending on where the PIG is distributed, the well samples taken from the research area indicate moderate to very high pollution levels. The SAR, RSC, and Na% values were used to assess the suitability of groundwater for agricultural use in the Jassan region. The investigation confirmed that groundwater is suitable for agricultural irrigation. Based on the findings, it is not recommended to use the city's groundwater untreated, as it is not suitable for human consumption. On the other hand, the water quality is ideal for various irrigation purposes.
Hydrological modeling of small coastal peat island in degraded peatlands of Bengkalis Island, Riau Province Sutikno, Sigit; Yusa, Muhamad; Rinaldi, Rinaldi; Muhammad, Ahmad; Saputra, Hendra; Wardani, Khusnul Setia; Yamamoto, Koichi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9163

Abstract

Small coastal peat islands such as Bengkalis (Riau, Indonesia) are hydrologically sensitive systems where groundwater level (GWL) controls ecosystem stability. Both extremes are hazardous: prolonged low GWL elevates peat-fire, subsidence, and carbon-loss risks, while excessively high GWL can trigger bog-burst. This study developed a simple empirical model to predict daily GWL in degraded peatlands on Bengkalis Island using in situ GWL data from three sites (drained, undrained inland, and undrained coastal) and GPM satellite rainfall (October 2023-April 2025). Calibrated over one year and validated over the next seven months, the model performed well at drained and coastal sites (R ~0.82, MAPE ~14%), capturing seasonal dynamics. In contrast, its performance at the inland site was lower (R ~0.5) due to minimal water table fluctuation. Coefficient values indicate the strongest rainfall response and fastest losses at the drained site, negligible daily loss at the inland site, and intermediate behavior at the coastal site. Scenario simulations highlight management-relevant risks: 15 rain-free days cause GWL to drop below the critical -0.40 m fire-risk threshold at the drained site and coastal site, whereas undrained inland remains just above it; conversely, 60 mm/day of rain for four days can raise GWL to the surface at coastal site (bog-burst risk). The model provides a practical tool for informing rewetting strategies to manage fire and collapse risks in degraded tropical peatlands.
Landslide susceptibility mapping based on K-Means and Self-Organizing Map clustering with Geographic Information System in Tasikmalaya, West Java Iryanti, Mimin; Ardi, Nanang Dwi; Nurjanah, Riska Siti
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9355

Abstract

Landslides are one of the most frequent natural disasters in Indonesia, primarily caused by complex topographic conditions, high rainfall intensity, and extensive land use changes. This study aimed to map landslide-susceptibility areas in Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java, using the K-Means Clustering and Self-Organizing Map (SOM) methods, visualized through a Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data utilized include Landsat 8 satellite imagery for calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) indices, elevation and slope data derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and 2024 rainfall data from the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG). Each variable was classified into five categories based on gridcode values to facilitate spatial analysis. The clustering results revealed two main groups, with the first cluster showing higher landslide potential due to a combination of steep slopes, moderate rainfall, and a high level of urban development. This cluster recorded a Silhouette Coefficient value of 0.75, indicating a high level of landslide vulnerability. In contrast, the other cluster represented more stable terrain, with a Silhouette Coefficient of 0.72. This study is expected to serve as a reference for developing disaster risk-based spatial planning and mitigation strategies.

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