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Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin

BIKK
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 19784279 EISSN : 25494082 DOI : 10.20473

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Immunology & microbiology Public Health

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 12 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL" : 12 Documents clear

Parker ink-KOH stain, Chicago Sky Blue (CSB) stain, and Fungi Culture, for The Diagnosis of Superficial Dermatomycoses Sunarso Suyoso; Anggraeni Noviandini; Linda Astari
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Superficial dermatomycoses are infections of skin, nails, and hair that can be divided into dermatophyte, pityriasis versicolor (PV), and candidiasis based on the causative pathogens. Rapid diagnosis is important to initiate the treatment earlier. To establish the diagnosis, direct microscopy using potassium hydroxide and culture examinations could be performed. Although the routine examination using Parker ink-KOH staining could be done in very short time, it was lacking of color contrast and requiring considerable skill interpretation. Various contrast dyes are available including a new contrast Chicago Sky Blue (CSB) staining. Purpose: To evaluate the result of Parker ink-KOH stain, CSB stain, and culture for the diagnosis of superficial dermatomycoses. Methods: The study was an observational descriptive research. Skin scrappings from patients with clinical diagnosis of superficial dematomycoses in Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital were examined using Parker ink-KOH stain, CSB stain, then interpreted by a researcher and analysts. The samples were also cultured. Results: A total of 45 samples, 71.1% revealed dermatophyte patients, 22.2% PV patients, and 6.7% candidiasis patients. The fungal filaments were detected in Parker ink-KOH stain by researcher 91.11% of the samples and by analysts 95.56%. CSB stain were detected 100% in all the samples by both observers. The culture was positive in 71.1% samples. Conclusion: CSB stain provides a good color contrast and shown a promising examination as it is rapid, simple, and easy to interpret for the diagnosis of superficial dermatomycoses, thus it is suitable to apply for inexperienced clinicians in dermtology clinical setting and laboratory.

Sensitivity Difussion Test of Cefixime against Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Female Sex Worker with Cervicitis Gonorrhea without Complication who Follow Periodic Presumptive Treatment (PPT) Trisniartami Setyaningrum; Astindari Astindari; Hans Lumintang
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Neisseria gonorrhoeae as etiology of gonorrhoeae infection is considered to be most concerned because of emerging antibiotic resistant strains that compromise the effectiveness of treatment. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has remained a challenge for a few decades. The third generation cephalosporins such as cefixime and ceftriaxone are now the first-line therapy in many region, however, the reduction of the susceptibility to cephalosporins is likely to emerge and spread. Purpose: To evaluate susceptibility of cefixime to Neisseria gonorrhoeae with diffusion test in uncomplicated cervicitis gonorrheae of female sex worker who following Periodic Presumptive Treatment’s program. Methods: The study design was descriptive observational cross sectional for 3.5 months from November 2012-February 2013 in Putat Jaya Public Health Center Surabaya. Results: There were 21 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae from 86 cervical secretions which were performed cefixime diffusion susceptibility test. Based on in vitro cefixime diffusion susceptibility test against N. gonorrhoeae isolates obtained 7 isolates (33.3%) were resistant to cefixime and 14 isolates (66.7%) sensitive to cefixime. From sensitive isolates, 5 of 14 isolates (35.7%) had inhibition zone with a diameter of 31 mm which is the minimum limit of cefixime ability to inhibit the growth rate of N. gonorrhoeae. Conclusions: There were found N. gonorrhoeae isolates that resistant to cefixime and some isolates with near of concentration maximal inhibition of cefixime with diffusion test. Thus it’s necessary to perform sentivity test of cefixime to N. gonorrhoeae using dilution test to obtain the resistance of N. gonorrhoeae to cefixime.

A Retrospective Study: Clinical Manifestation of Genital Herpes Infection Laissa Bonita; Dwi Murtiastutik
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Genital herpes infection was sexual transmitted disease, caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) especially type 2. The characteristic of clinical sign is group of vesicles, based on eritematous macule, and often recurrent. Purpose: To evaluate the pattern of genital herpes patients at Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI) Division, Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, since January 2011 until December 2015. Methods: A retrospective study took, data were obtained medical record of herpes simplex genitalis patients at STI Division, Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, since January 2011 until December 2015. Results: The number of genital herpes infection cases decreased, 1.8% of patients who came to STI division Outpatient Clinic. Mostly women who were 25–34 years of age. Most common main complaints were pain. Erosion was the most clinical manifestation. The patients mostly got oral acyclovir and analgesic as the treatment. The majority of patient had counseling for about 55.9%. They came to be followed up at least once. Conclusion: The number of genital herpes cases decreased. The most of age affected were sexually active group.

Skin Aging and Basic Skin Care in Elderly Damayanti Damayanti
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: In the last few decades, the world population of older adults is increasing significantly. One-fifth of the global population will be more than 65 years old by the year 2050. Of interest is those 85 years old and older has the fastest growing segmen of population. Since the human population is living longer, chronic disease including skin disease and skin aging problems, will be more prevalence. Purpose: To review the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of skin aging, and to review basic skin care in elderly. Reviews: Skin aging is caused by endogen and extrinsic factors. Skin aging divided into intrinsic (chronologic) skin aging and extrinsic photoaging. The elderly population, that has rapidly increase, needs for basic skin care in order to delay skin aging process. Basic skin care consist of cleansing, hidrating, replenishing, and protection. Photoprotection, such as avoiding midday sun, using photoprotective clothes, hat, sunglasses, and administration of sunscreen, has important role in preventing skin damage. Conclusion: Good visible aging process can be delayed by preventive skin care to reach successful aging, which has good physical health, good mental health and adaptive psychosocial functioning, so that older person can live a happy, health and active life.

Significant Different Level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) as Oxydative Stress Marker in Severity Groups of Acne Vulgaris Sylvia Anggraeni; Trisniartami Setyaningrum; M Yulianto Listiawan
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of sebaceous gland that may decrease patient’s quality of life. Oxidative stress is suggested to play role in the pathogenesis of AV. Purpose: To evaluate the differences of malondialdehyde (MDA) level as oxidative stress marker in AV severity. Method: This is an analytic observational cross sectional research of AV patients in Cosmetic Division of Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabaya. Subjects were collected through consecutive sampling since May-August 2015. Total samples were 42 patients, classified into 3 severity groups (mild, moderate, severe). Samples were taken from blood vein, examined with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) then analyzed statistically. Results: There were differences of MDA mean level among AV severity groups: mild 58.371 ng/ml (SD±25.2141); moderate 99.121 ng/ml (SD±8.5172); and severe 171.779 ng/ml (SD±49.9694). Post hoc analytic revealed that there were statistically differences of MDA level in all stages (mild-moderate p=0.002; mild-severe p=0.000; moderate-severe p=0.000). Conclusions: This research revealed that oxidative stress plays a role in AV pathogenesis. Lipid peroxidation process in sebum produced lipid oxidant that could induce inflammatory process in sebaseous gland via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR).

Formulation Cream of Extract Moringa oleifera Leave as Antiaging Nining Sugihartini; Evi Nuryanti
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Moringa oleifera leaf as natural material has the activity to protect skin because it contains antioxidants. Therefore, the development of dosage forms in the form of a antiaging cream is required to be used by the human. Purpose: To determine the concentration of extract moringa oleifera leaf which will provide the ability as antiaging. Methods: Extract of moringa oleifera leaf was obtained by maceration methods by ethanol 70% as solvent. Then extract was formulated in dosage forms an antiaging cream with concentration of variations are formula I (0%), formula II (3%), formula III (6%) and the formula IV (9%). After that cream was evaluated with parameters moisture, evenness, pore, spot and wringkle on human probandus whom have used the cream for 14 days. Results: Increasing the concentration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract led to a decreasing evenness (p<0.05) which efective on concentration 3%. Conclusion: The concentration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract that can be used as antiaging which decreasing evenness was 3%.

Bilateral Nevus of Ota Treated with Combination of CO2 Fractional Laser and 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser Dewi Nurasrifah; Iskandar Zulkarnain
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Ota’s nevus (nevus fuscocaeruleus ophthalmomaxillaris) was first described by Ota in 1939. It is characterized by blue–black or gray–brown dermal melanocytic pigmentation and typically occurs in areas innervated by the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve. Mucosal pigmentation may occur involving conjunctiva, sclera, and tympanic membrane (oculodermal melanocytosis), or other sites. Purpose: Describe the clinical manifestation and therapy of bilateral nevus of Ota. Case: A 20-year-old female patient, complaint about dark patches in both of her cheek and forehead since birth. Histopathology has not been done because patient refused to do the biopsy. Diagnosis of bilateral nevus of Ota is made based on anamnesis and clinical manifestations. Discussion: Pasien has undergo Nd:YAG laser session for Ota’s nevus and the result was not satisfactory. Now patient was given combination laser of CO2 fractional laser and 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser for 4 sessions with 3 months interval. After four laser sessions, there has been an improvement in the lesions as the lesions is getting lighter. The purpose of CO2 fractional laser is to increase light delivery into the tissue and for extruding material out of the skin. This laser combination aimed to increase the ability to remove pigment as an alternative method without inducing a systemic allergic reaction. Conclusion: Nevus of Ota is diagnosed based on clinical finding. Combination therapy of CO2 fractional laser and1064 nm Nd:YAG is the mode of choice because of excellent results.

The Profile of Erythroderma Patients Shelma Maharani; Trisniartami Setyaningrum
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Erythroderma is a rare, but it is life threatening. By knowing the profile of eritroderma, can expect the management and the cure of the patient more better. Objective: To evaluate the general profile of erythrodermic patients. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively in erythrodermic patients in Kemuning Ward dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2011- 2014, collecting data from medical records of patients, including the incidence, etiology, clinical features, investigations, treatment, complications, mortality, and return visit. Results: The incidence of erytroderma patient was 83 (5.3%), gender most was men (54.2%) with the highest age range > 60 years (31.3%), the etiology of most was due to drug reactions (39.7%), skin efflorescence highest number was macular erythematous and thin scale, the percentage of each 69 (83.1%) and 65 (78.3%), the majority results of histopathological examination was drug reaction 23 (43.5%) and psoriasis vulgaris 18 (33.9%), patients were receiving oral dexamethasone therapy (80.7%), mostly complications was on the skin (69.9%), mortality rate was 6.1%. Conclusion: The profile of erythroderma patient has already been described, and the management was giving a good outcome with the mortality rate 6,1%.

The Description of Dermoscopy and Wood’s Lamp on Melasma Ryski Meilia Novarina; Rahmadewi Rahmadewi; Hari Sukanto
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Melasma is an acquired hypermelanosis disorder occurred symmetrically on the sun exposure area, predominantly on the face and neck. Melasma classification based on Wood’s light examination does not always have positive correlation with the histopathologic examination. Dermoscopy is a new non-invasive modality for examining melasma. Purpose: To evaluate melasma classification based on dermoscopy and Wood’s lamp examination. Methods: This is a descriptive observational cross sectional study, the subjects are melasma patients in Cosmetic Division of Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo hospital. This research was conducted for 2 months with a total of 100 samples that had been performed dermoscopy and Wood’s lamp examinations. Results: Conformity melasma examination results in this study obtained three clinical types of melasma, the vast majority were melasma mixture (72 samples). On dermoscopic examination obtained dermal melasma amount of 17 samples (17%) and telangiectasis structure 38%. In addition dermoscopy can also be used to detect ochronosis on the melasma lesions (7 of 100 samples) with the characteristics are arciform curvilinear (worm-like pattern) and teleangiectasis, dot/globuler bluish brown-black, greyish/bluish brown diffuse amorphic structure, and structureless area. Conclusions: Dermoscopic examination revealed more detailed structure and color of melanin deposit in the superficial dermis, teleangiectasis and early detection of ochronosis. Histopathology still the gold standard diagnosis of melasma and ochronosis lesion.

A Retrospective Study: Bartholin Cyst and Abscess Tjokorde Istri Nindya Vaniary; Sunarko Martodihardjo
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Background: Bartholin cyst is an enlargement of the duct gland as a result of some blockade. Infected Bartholin cyst can develop into an abscess. The diseases are common in reproductive women but the ideal treatment for this disease remains controversial. Purpose: To evaluate the management of Bartholin cyst and abscess in new patients according to diagnosis approach by anamnesis and physical examination. Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study. The data were drawn from medical records of new patients Bartholin cysts and abscesses in the Division of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Outpatient Clinic of Dermatovenereology Dr. Soetomo General Hospital during 2012-2014. Results: During 2012-2014, there are 46 patients with Bartholin cyst and 25 with Bartholin abscess. Visit times tend evenly throughout the year without a distinctive pattern. Most patients were in the age group 25-44 and married. Based on the history, 65.2% and 80.0% of patients with Bartholin cyst and abscess complained for a lump. From the physical examination, 39.1% and 44.0% of patients with Bartholin cyst and abscess had a lump size of 1-3 cms, most have a flat surface properties, a rubbery consistency, and obtained inflammatory signs. Gram and a wet mount examination performed at 84.8% and 72.0% of patients with Bartholin cyst and abscess, and showed normal results. Most treatment given to the patients with Bartholin cyst were antibiotics (60.9%) and patients with Bartholin abscess were given more than one treatment and most treatments given were antibiotics (64.0%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (72%). Conclusion: The diagnosis approach of Bartholin cyst and abscess was obtained by anamnesis, physical examination, and additional examination. Most of Bartholin cyst and abscess treated with antibiotics and NSAID, most of surgical treatment is marsupialization.

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