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Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23032162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12 No 2 (2024)" : 12 Documents clear
Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah Pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Batubara Pt. Allied Indo Coal Jaya Kota Sawahlunto Fitri, Zakiatil; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.134-142.2024

Abstract

PT. Allied Indo Coal Jaya Sawahlunto City is a coal mining area. Research on Analysis of Understorey Vegetation on Ex-CoalMining Land at PT. AICJ has been carried out in June-August 2021. This study aims to determine the composition and structureof understorey vegetation. Vegetation analysis was carried out using the quadratic method with plots laid by purposive sampling.The plots were made of 15 plots on ex-coal mining land in 1990 and 2007 with a plot size of 2x2 m each. Based on the results ofthe former coal mining area in 1990, it was found that the Asteraceae family was dominant (24.35%), Chromolaena odorata (L.)R.M.King & H.Rob. as the highest INP (18.73%), high diversity index (3.153%), and high evenness index (0.946). In the ex-coalmining area in 2007, the Poaceae family was found to be dominant (39.01%), Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius with the highestINP (40.67%), moderate diversity index (2.861), and high evenness index (0.912). The similarity index between the two locationsis quite high,namely70.50%.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Konflik Manusia dengan Gajah di Kantong Habitat Giam Siak Kecil Provinsi Riau Halawa, Ernawati Kristina; Yoza, Defri; Sukmantoro, Wishnu
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.86-96.2024

Abstract

Gajah sumatra adalah salah satu sub spesies gajah asia yang masih hidup di Indonesia, Sub spesies ini masuk kategori sangat terancam punah (critically endangered) menurut IUCN. Kawasan hutan sebagai home range gajah pada saat ini banyak berubah fungsi menjadi lahan perkebunan, pemukiman dan jalan, menyebabkan terjadinya konflik gajah dengan manusia. Dampak konflik gajah dan manusia tidak jarang menimbulkan kerugian-kerugian baik dari pihak manusia maupun gajah. Salah satu daerah yang sering terjadi konflik gajah adalah Giam Siak Kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengumpulkan informasi mengenai kondisi masyarakat, pengetahuan, dampak ekonomi, sikap, perilaku dan pandangan, serta informasi mengenai sebaran gajah sumatra, intensitas dan mitigasi konflik gajah sumatra. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara menggunakan grid 5 x 5 km2, setiap grid terdiri dari tiga orang responden dengan kriteria minimal bertempat tinggal dua tahun di daerah tersebut. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil pada umumnya mengetahui tentang gajah dikarenakan mayoritas masyarakat mempunyai pekerjaan sebagai petani dan gajah sering berada di wilayah perkebunan masyarakat yang mengakibatkan konflik antara masyarakat dan gajah. Masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil umumnya memandang gajah sebagai satwa yang berbahaya dan hama untuk perkebunan. 67 orang yang diwawancarai terdapat 27 orang yang berdampak ekonomi dan 40 orang tidak berdampak. Sebaran gajah sumatra di Giam Siak Kecil meliputi 14 desa, intensitas konflik gajah dengan manusia tahun 2022 sebanyak 19 kali. Masyarakat Giam Siak kecil pada umumnya berniat untuk hidup berdampingan dengan gajah.
Identification of Ectoparasites on Aglaonema sp. in Ngerong Village, Pasuruan City with Visual Encounter Methods Ilmiyah, Silvi Zakiyatul; Setiyanto, Afif Eka Rahma; Ibrahim, Yudhistira; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo; Gama, Zulfaidah Penata
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.122-128.2024

Abstract

Ornamental plants are plants that are used as decoration. One of the ornamental plants is Aglaonema sp. known as Sri Rejeki. It is enjoyed as an ornamental plant in terms of leaf pattern. However, Aglaonema has harmful ectoparasites. The aim of this study was to determine and identify ectoparasites in Aglaonema plants using the Visual Encounter method, and to analyze the role and solutions for the presence of ectoparasites in Aglaonema. Research observations were carried out for approximately three weeks from April to May 2022. Six individuals Aglaonema were used as samples. Observation was done by using the visual encounter method which was carried out once a week in the morning, afternoon, and evening with a total of three time observations (15 minutes each) at each time. Measurement of abiotic factors includes temperature, humidity, and weather. The results were used to determine the important value index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Index (H’). All identified organisms were arthropods (insects). There were five identified families:  Pseudococcidae, Coccidae, Formicidae, Chironomidae, and Muscidae. Pseudococcidae and Coccidae were the insect families that are confirmed as ectoparasites for plants. The solution for prevention or termination of ectoparasite is by replacing the invaded plant away from healthy plants, removing the infected parts of plant, and/or placing refugia plant for habitat of ectoparasite’s natural enemies.  
Keanekaragaman Anatomi Epidermis Daun dan Indeks Stomata Jepun Cenana Plumeria alba var. cendana Berdasarkan Lingkungan Tumbuhnya di Bali Utara Bestari, Ida Ayu Purnama; Riawan, I Made Oka
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.106-113.2024

Abstract

Plumeria sp atau Frangipani atau Kamboja adalah tanaman yang hidup di daerah Tropis. Di Bali tanaman ini mudah ditemukan, baik di dataran rendah maupun dataran tinggi. Salah satu spesies yaitu Plumeria alba var cendana atau dikenal masyarakat Bali sebagai “Jepun Cenana” adalah yang paling sering dijumpai. Penelitian studi anatomis kamboja varietas ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adaptasi tanaman ini khususnya daun dalam menghadapi lingkungan di dataran tinggi dan di dataran rendah. Struktur anatomi daun yang diamati adalah stomata, yaitu indeks stomata dan porus stomata. Bagian daun yang digunakan adalah sisi adaksial dan abaksial. Indeks stomata sebagai indikator kerapatan stomata yang dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah spesies dengan jumlah keseluruhan sel pada jaringan epidermis. Indeks stomata berkaitan erat dengan proses pertukaran udara dan transpirasi tumbuhan. Dari rata – rata penghitungan diperoleh nilai indeks stomata daun pada bagian abaksial daun Plumeria alba var cendana adalah 0.149, sedangkan untuk daun tanaman yang berasal dari dataran rendah adalah 0.448. Dengan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran tinggi adalah 15% dari total sel, dan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran rendah adalah 45%.
Population Study Of The Amorphophallus titanum Becc In Sumatera Faristy, Annisya Fhadilah Putri; vauzia, Vauzia
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.79-85.2024

Abstract

Amorphophallus has 176 species spread throughout the world, 25 of which are found in Indonesia. Of the 25 species found in Indonesia, 8 of them are endemic to Sumatra. One type of Amorphophallus found on the island of Sumatra is Amorphophallus titanum, whose survival in its natural habitat is threatened by deforestation and forest degradation. As an endemic plant, A. titanum is also more vulnerable to anthropogenic threats and environmental change, and therefore faces a greater risk of extinction than more widespread species. To prevent species extinction and as a form of biodiversity conservation, information is needed that presents the population status of A. titanum in its natural habitat. This article aims to provide information about the population of corpse flowers (Amorphophallus titanum Becc) in Sumatra. The research method used is a literature review. Data was obtained from journals and articles published from 2005 to 2023. Based on research conducted, it is known that A. titanum is often found in Bengkulu, Lampung, Jambi, North Sumatra and West Sumatra. The highest population of A. titanum is in Muara Hemat Village, South Kerinci Resort, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Jambi, with a total of 83 individuals. In Bengkulu, A. titanum is found in several locations; in KHDTK (Forest Areas with Special Purposes) as many as 64 individuals. At Ketapang Water, Jufi Hill and Datar Lebar Waterfall there were 56 individuals. In the Mount IV Kepahiang Nature Reserve there are 56 individuals. In Tebat Monok, Air Selimang and Palak Siring the number is 52 individuals. Meanwhile in North Sumatra, specifically in the Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Dolok Sipirok Nature Reserve, and Namo Suro Baru Village, 32 individuals were found. In Palupuah, Agam Regency, and South Solok, West Sumatra, there are 24 individuals, and also in the Liwa Botanical Gardens, Lampung, there are 4 individuals.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Penyemprotan Auksin Pada Padi (Oryza Sativa) Yang Diberikan Simulasi Cekaman Salinitas Utama, Yani Putri; Violita, Violita
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.149-155.2024

Abstract

Agriculture is a vital sector in meeting global food needs. The fulfillment of food needs has environmental challenges that cause plants to be exposed to abiotic stress, namely salinity stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of auxin spraying concentration on rice given salt stress. The concentration of auxin sprayed was 25 µm, 37.5 µm, 50 µm, while the concentration of salt given was 0 µm, 15 µm, 30 µm, 45 µm. This research is an experimental research. The research was conducted at the Basic Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Padang Parameters observed were root length, crown length, relative water content, and dry weight. The results showed that the root length showed significant results after a two-way ANOVA test which means that there is an influence on root length while the crown length, relative water content, and dry weight did not show significant results.
Kerapatan Stomata pada Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica) di Kawasan PT Semen Gresik Pabrik Tuban Kecamatan Kerek Kabupaten Tuban Hidayat, Achmad Nur; Mustofa, Ali; Cintamulya, Imas
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.73-78.2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the density of stomata and stomatal structure on Mango leaves in each ring of the cement factory area. The research is descriptive analysis. Sampling was done through a random survey in the Indonesian cement industry Tuban factory which was divided into 3 rings, namely Ring 1 Ring 2 and Ring 3. The parameters observed were stomatal density and damage. The results showed that the density of stomata in Ring 1 showed a percentage of 0.162 which showed a low density while Ring 2 was 371, 91 which showed a medium density and Ring 3 was 449.07 which showed a medium density. The results presented in Table 2 on the level of stomatal damage show a difference in the percentage of stomatal damage on mango leaves (Mangifera indica) located in Ring 1 and Ring 2. In stomata in Ring 1 with a greater percentage of stomatal damage, which is 34.7% compared to stomatal damage to mango leaves located in Ring 2 by 20.7% and Ring 3 by 11%. The conclusion of this study shows that the density and damage to the stomata of mango leaves (Mangifera indica) can be influenced by the concentration of pollutants. the level of density and stomatal damage in the Semen Indonesia Tuban area shows that the closer to the factory area the higher the level of air pollution which causes the nearest area to have high stomatal damage and high stomatal density.
Keanekaragaman Kumbang (Coleoptera) di Kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas, Provinsi Jambi Surgandi, Rafli; Kartika, Winda Dwi; Subagyo, Agus
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.114-121.2024

Abstract

Kumbang (Coleoptera) berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Misalnya sebagai dekomposer dan bioindikator kerusakan habitat. Penyebaran spesies  Coleoptera di berbagai tipe habitat salah satunya di kawasan perairan. Danau Tangkas yang terletak di Desa Tanjung Lanjut, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menjadi habitat habitat yang kondusif untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan kumbang. Sebagai kawasan wisata, Danau Tangkas berpotensi mengalami perubahan yang dapat berdampak pada keanekaragaman kumbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kumbang yang terdapat di kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 4 titik lokasi yang berbeda. Dibuat 4 plot dengan ukuran 10 x 10 meter. Koleksi sampel menggunakan pitfall trap, light trap, sweep net, hand collecting dan floathing method. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh sebanyak 868 individu, 16 spesies dan 10 famili Coleoptera. Sehingga diketahui tingkat keanekaragaman spesies Coleoptera di kawasan Danau Tangkas tergolong sedang dengan nilai sebesar 2,52. Kelimpahan relatif spesies yang tertinggi yaitu Altica chalybea dengan nilai sebesar 15,32%.
Potensi Jamur Endofit dari Daun Jambu Nasi-Nasi (Syzygium zeylanicum) sebagai Antibiotik Alami dalam Mengobati Jerawat Syarifah, Syarifah; Yusfarani, Delia; Kharism, Sully P; Fauzan, Ahmad R
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.156-165.2024

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are microscopic organisms that live in leaves, stem bark and root bark at certain periods by forming colonies without harming their hosts, and even have a mutually beneficial relationship. Endophytic fungi generally produce secondary metabolites that have useful biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral and anticancer. Endophytic fungi can be found in various types of plants, especially in medicinal plants, such as Syzygium zeylanicum, which is one of the many medicinal plants found in Indonesia. A total of 6 endophytic fungal isolates were successfully isolated from the nasi-nasi guava, namely Septonema, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Trichoderma aureoviridae, Acremonium, Sclerotium, Scopulariopsis asperula. Antibacterial activity was carried out using the agar diffusion method. The percentage of antibacterial activity values shows that SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4, SL5 and SL 6 all have strong antibacterial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes, while for the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis it is found that isolates SL1, SL4 and SL6 have strong antibacterial activity and isolates SL2, SL3 and SL5 had moderate antibacterial activity. This category shows that the extract of the endophytic fungus Syzygium zeyanicum has antibacterial potential.
Identification Of Intestinal Worms On Horses At The Cipanas Presidential Palace Using The Flotation Method Siagian, Tetty Barunawati; Malik, Abdul; Nuriman, Trian Gustiana
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.129-133.2024

Abstract

The Cipanas Presidential Palace has local horses with sandalwood and sumbawa types that are used as riding horses and decorative horses to beautify the palace. The horses are kept by being stabled in the afternoon until morning, and being let out in the morning until evening. This maintenance method certainly carries a risk of gastrointestinal worm infection and often worm infections in horses do not cause clinical symptoms. The purpose of the study was to identify the types of gastrointestinal worms that infect horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace. This study used fecal samples from 26 horses that were examined using the flotation method. The results of the examination showed that 24 samples were positive for strongylid worm eggs. The percentage of worm infection in horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace was 92.3%. The findings of Strongylid worm eggs are oval with thin walls and have morula like grapes. Adult worms that have Strongylid worm eggs are Strongylus vulgaris. The cause of horses being infected with worms is due to being let out too early, giving wet grass that is not wilted, and storing wet grass in a damp warehouse. Based on the research above, it was concluded that local horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace were infected with Strongylus vulgaris worms.

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