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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23032162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 294 Documents
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Characterization Roasting Level of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) Komasti and Andungsari Priantari, Ika; Dharmawan, Andi
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.10.1.33-41.2022

Abstract

Coffee is one of the drinks that are often consumed by the public Indonesia. Indonesian Coffee and Cacao Research Institute (ICCRI) is a national coffee and cocoa research and development institution has 2 superior Arabica coffee seeds, namely Andungsari 2K Arabica Coffee and Komasti (Andungsari 3 Composite). In general, the sequence of dry processing of coffee cherries includes fruit picking, fruit sorting, fruit drying, pulping and hulling. Next is the roasting process before it becomes coffee grounds. The roasting process converts unsavory raw coffee beans into a drink with a delicious aroma and taste. The perfection of coffee roasting is influenced by 2 factors, namely heat and time, equipment and tools roasting and quality of coffee beans. From the results of treatments 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 minutes, coffee with city roast criteria was produced in the 7th treatment, namely 14 minutes, with the first crack at 11.30 minutes at 154 °C, the color of the beans dark chocolate, has the most popular taste. For treatment 8 (14 minutes) and 9 (18 minutes) the color is more black, oily and smokey, the taste is more espresso. The roasting equipment used is in the dark roast category at a temperature of 170-195 °C.
Composition And Structure Of Undergrowth Habitats Of Flora Rafflesia arnoldii R.Br. In The Forests Of Bukik Pinang Mancuang, Kamang Mudiak, Agam Sefmaliza, Rizka; Chairul, Chairul
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 10 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.10.2.42-46.2022

Abstract

Vegetation analysis is a way of studying the composition of species and the structure of the vegetation. The objective research about understorey vegetation analysis in the flora habitat of Rafflesia arnoldii in Bukit Pinang Mancuang Forest, Kamang Mudiak, Agam was to determine the composition and structure in the flora habitat of Rafflesia arnoldii in Bukit Pinang Mancuang Forest, Kamang Mudiak, Agam. Vegetation analysis was carried out by using the quadratic plot method with a size of 2 x 2 m. There were 6 plots have been made and species identification was carried out at the Andalas University Herbarium. According to the observation result, there are 32 species discovered consisting of 601 individuals with 19 families. The dominant families are Rubiaceae (34.61%) and Utricaceae (32.61%). The importance value index of Coffea canephora was obtained (51.28%). The plant diversity index in this area was classified as moderate (H'=2.58). Based on the analysis conveyed, it can be concluded that the Rubiaceae and Urticaceae families are adequate forest and life support for Rafflesia arnoldii habitat. It is recommended that the local government designated the forest as a conservation area in order to preserve the existence of Rafflesia arnoldii and its habitat.
Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah Di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Kenagarian Padang Mentinggi, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman Andrea Suri, Ayu Resti; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.13-20.2024

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai analisis vegetasi tumbuhan bawah di kawasan hutan lindung Kenagarian Padang Mentinggi, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur vegetasi tumbuhan bawah. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan pembuatan transek sepanjang 120 m yang di tempatkan secara purposive sampling. Plot dibuat dengan berukuran 2x2 m, sebanyak 12 plot yang diletakkan secara sistematik berselang seling di sepanjang transek dengan jarak antar plot 8 m. Pada setiap plot dilakukan pengamatan terhadap jenis tumbuhan bawah dan jumlah individu masing-masing jenis serta dilakukan pengoleksian semua jenis untuk diidentifikasi di Herbarium Universitas Andalas (ANDA). Berdasarkan pengamatan dilapangan ditemukan kelompok tumbuhan bawah yaitu vegetasi dasar dan seedling, yang terdiri dari 26 famili. Vegetasi dasar memiliki 22 jenis dengan 246 individu, sedangkan seedling terdiri dari 15 jenis dengan 77 individu. Famili dominan adalah Melastomataceae dengan nilai 20,74%. Jenis yang paling dominan yaitu dari kelompok vegetasi dasar yang juga termasuk tumbuhan asing invasif adalah Clidemia hirta dengan indeks nilai penting 32,01%. Jenis yang paling sedikit ditemukan adalah Sarcandra glabra, Vitex pinnata, Coscinium fenestratum, Ficus villosa, Ficus sp., Syzgium sp. dan Breynia oblongifolia dengan indeks nilai penting 1,72%. Indeks keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah di kawasan ini tergolong tinggi dengan nilai (H`= 3,18). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa vegetasi dasar lebih banyak ditemukan dari pada anakan pohon (seedling) dan tumbuhan yang paling banyak mendominasi daerah penelitian ini dari kelompok tumbuhan invasif yaitu Clidemia hirta.
Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah Pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Batubara Pt. Allied Indo Coal Jaya Kota Sawahlunto Fitri, Zakiatil; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.134-142.2024

Abstract

PT. Allied Indo Coal Jaya Sawahlunto City is a coal mining area. Research on Analysis of Understorey Vegetation on Ex-CoalMining Land at PT. AICJ has been carried out in June-August 2021. This study aims to determine the composition and structureof understorey vegetation. Vegetation analysis was carried out using the quadratic method with plots laid by purposive sampling.The plots were made of 15 plots on ex-coal mining land in 1990 and 2007 with a plot size of 2x2 m each. Based on the results ofthe former coal mining area in 1990, it was found that the Asteraceae family was dominant (24.35%), Chromolaena odorata (L.)R.M.King & H.Rob. as the highest INP (18.73%), high diversity index (3.153%), and high evenness index (0.946). In the ex-coalmining area in 2007, the Poaceae family was found to be dominant (39.01%), Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius with the highestINP (40.67%), moderate diversity index (2.861), and high evenness index (0.912). The similarity index between the two locationsis quite high,namely70.50%.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Konflik Manusia dengan Gajah di Kantong Habitat Giam Siak Kecil Provinsi Riau Halawa, Ernawati Kristina; Yoza, Defri; Sukmantoro, Wishnu
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.86-96.2024

Abstract

Gajah sumatra adalah salah satu sub spesies gajah asia yang masih hidup di Indonesia, Sub spesies ini masuk kategori sangat terancam punah (critically endangered) menurut IUCN. Kawasan hutan sebagai home range gajah pada saat ini banyak berubah fungsi menjadi lahan perkebunan, pemukiman dan jalan, menyebabkan terjadinya konflik gajah dengan manusia. Dampak konflik gajah dan manusia tidak jarang menimbulkan kerugian-kerugian baik dari pihak manusia maupun gajah. Salah satu daerah yang sering terjadi konflik gajah adalah Giam Siak Kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengumpulkan informasi mengenai kondisi masyarakat, pengetahuan, dampak ekonomi, sikap, perilaku dan pandangan, serta informasi mengenai sebaran gajah sumatra, intensitas dan mitigasi konflik gajah sumatra. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara menggunakan grid 5 x 5 km2, setiap grid terdiri dari tiga orang responden dengan kriteria minimal bertempat tinggal dua tahun di daerah tersebut. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil pada umumnya mengetahui tentang gajah dikarenakan mayoritas masyarakat mempunyai pekerjaan sebagai petani dan gajah sering berada di wilayah perkebunan masyarakat yang mengakibatkan konflik antara masyarakat dan gajah. Masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil umumnya memandang gajah sebagai satwa yang berbahaya dan hama untuk perkebunan. 67 orang yang diwawancarai terdapat 27 orang yang berdampak ekonomi dan 40 orang tidak berdampak. Sebaran gajah sumatra di Giam Siak Kecil meliputi 14 desa, intensitas konflik gajah dengan manusia tahun 2022 sebanyak 19 kali. Masyarakat Giam Siak kecil pada umumnya berniat untuk hidup berdampingan dengan gajah.
Studi Etnobotani Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional oleh Masyarakat Nagari Sijunjung Andania, Meiridha Mutiara; Yesika, Relin; ferdian, arif
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.01-04.2024

Abstract

Minangkabau is one of the ethnics that uses plants as medicine. In this ethnobotanical study, the aim was to find out the use of plants as medicine by the people of Sijunjung. Data collection was carried out directly by interviewing native people. From the result known that there are about 42 types of plants used by the indigenous people of Sijunjung as medicine. Of the 42 types of plants used, sitawa (Costus speciosus) is the most widely used plant in the treatment of fever. Almost all plants used as medicine are taken orally.
Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Beberapa Jenis Kolam Ikan Lele (Clarias batrachus) Ramadansur, Rahmat; Laurenza, Laura; Dinata, Marta; Sembiring, Al Khudri; Akbar, Muhammad Azhari
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.05-12.2024

Abstract

The plankton community structure is a collection of zooplankton and phytoplankton populations that interact with each other in a waters. This study aims to analyze the structure of the plankton community and the influence of environmental conditions (physico-chemical) on the structure of the plankton community in the ponds. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, which represents three types of catfish ponds, namely, earthen ponds, tarpaulins, and biofloc. The results showed that in the three types of ponds studied, there were two species of zooplankton and 45 species of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton in soil ponds was dominated by Stigeoclonium subsecundum. Meanwhile, the zooplankton was dominated by Nebela collaris. Diversity (H') of zooplankton is in the low category with polluted water quality in the three ponds, while phytoplankton is in the high-low category. The equitability index (E) of zooplankton is in the stable category, while phytoplankton is in the depressed-stable category. The dominance index (D) of zooplankton belongs to the medium-low category, while phytoplankton belongs to the low category. As for the physico-chemical parameters of the waters, the three types of ponds have different effects from each parameter tested on the structure of the plankton community.
Identification of Ectoparasites on Aglaonema sp. in Ngerong Village, Pasuruan City with Visual Encounter Methods Ilmiyah, Silvi Zakiyatul; Setiyanto, Afif Eka Rahma; Ibrahim, Yudhistira; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo; Gama, Zulfaidah Penata
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.122-128.2024

Abstract

Ornamental plants are plants that are used as decoration. One of the ornamental plants is Aglaonema sp. known as Sri Rejeki. It is enjoyed as an ornamental plant in terms of leaf pattern. However, Aglaonema has harmful ectoparasites. The aim of this study was to determine and identify ectoparasites in Aglaonema plants using the Visual Encounter method, and to analyze the role and solutions for the presence of ectoparasites in Aglaonema. Research observations were carried out for approximately three weeks from April to May 2022. Six individuals Aglaonema were used as samples. Observation was done by using the visual encounter method which was carried out once a week in the morning, afternoon, and evening with a total of three time observations (15 minutes each) at each time. Measurement of abiotic factors includes temperature, humidity, and weather. The results were used to determine the important value index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Index (H’). All identified organisms were arthropods (insects). There were five identified families:  Pseudococcidae, Coccidae, Formicidae, Chironomidae, and Muscidae. Pseudococcidae and Coccidae were the insect families that are confirmed as ectoparasites for plants. The solution for prevention or termination of ectoparasite is by replacing the invaded plant away from healthy plants, removing the infected parts of plant, and/or placing refugia plant for habitat of ectoparasite’s natural enemies.  
KOMPOSISI DAN STRUKTUR FITOPLANKTON DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI PADA KAWASAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT PT. BINTARA TANI NUSANTARA, PASAMAN BARAT, SUMATERA BARAT Syafitri, Ranny; Nurdin, Jabang
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.28-34.2024

Abstract

Perkembangan perkebunan dan pabrik kelapa sawit yang begitu pesat dapat berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai masalah lingkungan salah satunya limbah cair kelapa sawit yang dibuang ke perairan sungai. Dengan adanya buangan limbah cair kelapa sawit akan menyebabkan gangguan terhadap biota perairan salah satunya fitoplankton yang ada di lokasi tersebut. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan April hingga September 2023 di Perairan Sungai pada Kawasan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PT. Bintara Tani Nusantara (BTN) Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur fitoplankton. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan pengambilan sampel secara purposive random sampling. Hasil didapatkan 95 spesies, 30 famili dan 10 kelas fitoplankton. Kepadatan total fitoplankton berkisar 2,08-18,83 ind./l. Indeks diversitas fitoplankton termasuk kedalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi dengan indeks equitabilitas tergolong cukup merata hingga hampir merata dan tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi. Faktor fisika kimia masih sesuai untuk pertumbuhan fitoplankton.
Physical Growth and Sexual Maturation of Subsistence Population in Padaido Island Papua Rumayauw, Insos Batseba; Ratnawati, Sita; Kawulur, Elda Irma Jeanne Joice
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.58-65.2024

Abstract

Physical growth and sexual maturity are two important events in the childhood phase. Measurement and assessment of development of body size is the best ways to understand the adaptive respond when face enviromental challenges of the traditional population. Several populations show that girls and boys tend to show varying ages and rates of growth and sexual maturity. The aim of this study was to study the growth patterns of height, weight and age at menarche in children of the Biak tribe in the Padaido Islands Region, Biak Regency, Papua Province. Cross-sectional research was designed to the children consisting of 130 boys and 153 girls. In order to determine the age at menarche using the status quo method.  The growth curve was analyzed using the Generalized Linear Model for Location, Shape and Scale (GAMLSS) model and the age of menarche was analyzed using the Probit-GLM analysis. Although geographic condition of Padaido island was isolated, the infrastructure and sosioeconomic conditions were indequate, however the age at menarche of Padaido girls (13,2 years) was included in the same category as the age at menarche nationally. The physical growth curve (height and weight) for girls exceeds that of boys before and during menarche, then decreases after menarche. This pattern is in line with previous research that girls have a larger stature at puberty because they accumulate body fat in preparation for menarche and the development of secondary sex characteristics. The environmental challenges have implications for the limited availability of energy to regulate maximum skeletal growth achieved at a young age, while the development of fat mass is achieved more slowly after sexual maturity. This describes a shift that deviates from the normal growth and development of the body..

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