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Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23032162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 294 Documents
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INVENTARISASI CAPUNG (ODONATA) YANG BERKUNJUNG KE PERUMAHAN DI KOTA BENGKULU, SUMATERA wati, meliya; Janra, Muhammad Nazri; Gusman, David
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.21-27.2024

Abstract

Capung (Odonata) merupakan serangga karnivora yang secara global mencapai sekitar 7000 jenis. Penelitian capung selama ini lebih banyak dilakukan pada habitat alami, dengan sedikit perhatian diberikan pada habitat yang sudah mengalami degradasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis capung yang berkunjung ke perumahan di daerah Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini mengobservasi capung dewasa yang masuk ke dalam perumahan di Bentiring, Kota Bengkulu dalam periode 2020-2023. Sebagai hasil, tercatat total 43 individu yang memasuki perumahan selama pengamatan yang kemudian diidentifikasi menjadi 10 jenis, 8 genera, 3 famili dari dua subordo Odonata. Subordo Zygoptera diwakili oleh Agriocnemis femina (Coenagrionidae), sedangkan dari subordo Anisoptera tercatat Anacaeschna jaspidea, Gynacantha bayadera, G. dohrni, dan G. subinterrupta (Aeshnidae) serta Orthetrum sabina, Pantala flavescens, Potamarcha congener, Tholymis tillarga, dan Zyxomma petiolatum (Libellulidae). Periode Januari, Februari dan Oktober merupakan waktu terbanyak individu Odonata tercatat memasuki rumah, dimana 87% insiden tercatat pada waktu malam hari dan 13% di sore hari. Gynacantha bayadera, G. dohrni, Orthetrum sabina dan Zyxomma petiolatum merupakan jenis dengan jumlah individu signifikan teramati. Kata kunci: Aeshnidae, Gynacantha bayadera, G. dohrni, Libellulidae, Orthetrum sabina
Pengaruh Benzil Aminopurin (BAP) terhadap Induksi Tunas dari Nodus anggrek Dendrobium mussauense Media, Media; Noli, Zozy Aneloi
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.35-41.2024

Abstract

Dendrobium mussauense has attractive flowers and potential as a parent of a hybrid orchid. The color of this species is cream with violaceous purple venations on the labellum. D. mussauense is an orchid species listed as vulnerable in IUCN. This species is not located in protected areas nor known to be conserved ex-situ. Clonal propagation is an important biotechnological tool for the conservation of orchids. Thin cell layer (TCL) is a micropropagation method using thin-sized explants that facilitate the diffusion of nutrients to tissues. This study examined induction shoot through two explant cutting techniques, namely TCL and non-TCL explant, at various concentrations of BAP. The non-TCL explant was more effective than the TCL explant in inducing the shoot of D. mussauense. The half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.9 mg.L-1 BAP was a suitable concentration to induce the shoot of D. mussauense through non-TCL explant. The average shoot length was 1,8 cm, and the average number of shoots was 5/explant.
Keanekaragaman Anatomi Epidermis Daun dan Indeks Stomata Jepun Cenana Plumeria alba var. cendana Berdasarkan Lingkungan Tumbuhnya di Bali Utara Bestari, Ida Ayu Purnama; Riawan, I Made Oka
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.106-113.2024

Abstract

Plumeria sp atau Frangipani atau Kamboja adalah tanaman yang hidup di daerah Tropis. Di Bali tanaman ini mudah ditemukan, baik di dataran rendah maupun dataran tinggi. Salah satu spesies yaitu Plumeria alba var cendana atau dikenal masyarakat Bali sebagai “Jepun Cenana” adalah yang paling sering dijumpai. Penelitian studi anatomis kamboja varietas ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adaptasi tanaman ini khususnya daun dalam menghadapi lingkungan di dataran tinggi dan di dataran rendah. Struktur anatomi daun yang diamati adalah stomata, yaitu indeks stomata dan porus stomata. Bagian daun yang digunakan adalah sisi adaksial dan abaksial. Indeks stomata sebagai indikator kerapatan stomata yang dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah spesies dengan jumlah keseluruhan sel pada jaringan epidermis. Indeks stomata berkaitan erat dengan proses pertukaran udara dan transpirasi tumbuhan. Dari rata – rata penghitungan diperoleh nilai indeks stomata daun pada bagian abaksial daun Plumeria alba var cendana adalah 0.149, sedangkan untuk daun tanaman yang berasal dari dataran rendah adalah 0.448. Dengan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran tinggi adalah 15% dari total sel, dan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran rendah adalah 45%.
Complementary Molecular Data for Two Species from Herbarium Bogoriense: Sphaerobolus stellatus and Trichaleurina javanica Yuliana, Meta; Maulana, Indra; Mulya, Sari; Fusvita, Laifa; Hermawan, Rudy
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.42-46.2024

Abstract

A micro-mushroom namely Sphaerobolus stellatus (BO 24422) and macro-mushroom namely Trichaleurina javanica (BO 24420) were found in Landscape Arboretum of IPB University. The latest identification used morphological characteristic and molecular study of Large Subunit DNA marker respectively. According to their identification, the database of fungal identification is commonly from Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) marker for molecular study. But both specimens, S. stellatus BO 24422 and T. javanica BO 24420, have not the ITS sequences yet. This research aim to study the molecular data of two specimens using ITS sequences. The method of this research used the molecular identification using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) primer: ITS 4 as a forward and ITS 5 as a reverse. Two phylogenetic trees were generated by Randomized Axelarated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) Black box. Bootstrap (BS) values ≥ 90% were displayed on the phylogenetic treebranches. The result showed that the bootstrap value for S. stellatus BO 24422  showed the good value as 96% classified as S. stellatus. Then, T. javanica BO 24420  had a better BS value with 93% classified as T. javanica. The ITS is a general marker and very useful for molecular identification. 
Population Study Of The Amorphophallus titanum Becc In Sumatera Faristy, Annisya Fhadilah Putri; vauzia, Vauzia
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.79-85.2024

Abstract

Amorphophallus has 176 species spread throughout the world, 25 of which are found in Indonesia. Of the 25 species found in Indonesia, 8 of them are endemic to Sumatra. One type of Amorphophallus found on the island of Sumatra is Amorphophallus titanum, whose survival in its natural habitat is threatened by deforestation and forest degradation. As an endemic plant, A. titanum is also more vulnerable to anthropogenic threats and environmental change, and therefore faces a greater risk of extinction than more widespread species. To prevent species extinction and as a form of biodiversity conservation, information is needed that presents the population status of A. titanum in its natural habitat. This article aims to provide information about the population of corpse flowers (Amorphophallus titanum Becc) in Sumatra. The research method used is a literature review. Data was obtained from journals and articles published from 2005 to 2023. Based on research conducted, it is known that A. titanum is often found in Bengkulu, Lampung, Jambi, North Sumatra and West Sumatra. The highest population of A. titanum is in Muara Hemat Village, South Kerinci Resort, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Jambi, with a total of 83 individuals. In Bengkulu, A. titanum is found in several locations; in KHDTK (Forest Areas with Special Purposes) as many as 64 individuals. At Ketapang Water, Jufi Hill and Datar Lebar Waterfall there were 56 individuals. In the Mount IV Kepahiang Nature Reserve there are 56 individuals. In Tebat Monok, Air Selimang and Palak Siring the number is 52 individuals. Meanwhile in North Sumatra, specifically in the Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Dolok Sipirok Nature Reserve, and Namo Suro Baru Village, 32 individuals were found. In Palupuah, Agam Regency, and South Solok, West Sumatra, there are 24 individuals, and also in the Liwa Botanical Gardens, Lampung, there are 4 individuals.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Penyemprotan Auksin Pada Padi (Oryza Sativa) Yang Diberikan Simulasi Cekaman Salinitas Utama, Yani Putri; Violita, Violita
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.149-155.2024

Abstract

Agriculture is a vital sector in meeting global food needs. The fulfillment of food needs has environmental challenges that cause plants to be exposed to abiotic stress, namely salinity stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of auxin spraying concentration on rice given salt stress. The concentration of auxin sprayed was 25 µm, 37.5 µm, 50 µm, while the concentration of salt given was 0 µm, 15 µm, 30 µm, 45 µm. This research is an experimental research. The research was conducted at the Basic Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Padang Parameters observed were root length, crown length, relative water content, and dry weight. The results showed that the root length showed significant results after a two-way ANOVA test which means that there is an influence on root length while the crown length, relative water content, and dry weight did not show significant results.
Kekayaan Jenis Tumbuhan Berbunga pada Area Geopark Silokek, Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat. Nurainas, Nurainas; Febriamansyah, Thoriq Alfath; Zulaspita, Witri; Yasra, Firham; Maideliza, Tesri; Chairul, Chairul; Syamsuardi, Syamsuardi
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.47-57.2024

Abstract

Penelitian ini menginformasikan keanekaragaman hayati tumbuhan berbunga di Geopark Silokek, Sumatera Barat, sebuah kawasan karst yang unik. Survei lapangan dengan cara jelajah dilakukan untuk menginventarisasi spesies tumbuhan berbunga dan mengevaluasi status kelangkaan dan konservasi serta kekhasan ekologis mereka. Hasilnya menunjukkan keberadaan 164 spesies tumbuhan berbunga dalam 121 genus dan 55 famili. Famili Moraceae dan Gesneriaceae merupakan famili dengan jenis terbanyak. Enam spesies diantaranya termasuk penting dari segi taksonomi dan konservasi, dengan status rentan terhadap kepunahan dan juga endemik di Sumatera antara lain Quercus oidocarpa, Vanda sumatrana dan Zingiber macradenium. Selain itu, tujuh jenis lain merupakan tumbuhan indikator kawasan karst antara lain Impatiens tribuana, Paraboea treubii dan Monophyllaea horsfeldii.
SEBARAN SPASIAL SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT DAN KLOROFIL-a PADA DAERAH PENANGKAPAN IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis) DI PERAIRAN SUMATERA BARAT Nofrita, Nofrita; Nurdin, Jabang; Fitra, Ramadani; Savitri, Vivi; Bintari, Andhani N.; Saniyyah, Jauharah; Sumartin, Harry
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.1.66-72.2024

Abstract

West Sumatra waters is one of the potential fishing grounds for skipjack tuna. Oceanographic factors become the primary factors that limit the distribution and abundance of fish. This research aims to understand the spatial distribution of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature, and their utility for estimating potential fishing areas in the waters of West Sumatra. The data collection of fish catching area coordinates was carried out from June to July 2023. The sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a data were downloaded from the website http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov. The research results found that the sea surface temperature in the waters of West Sumatra from June to July 2023 ranged between 27.9°C to 33.5°C, with an average of 30.25°C, while the chlorophyll-a ranged from 0.014 mg/m3 to 1.684 mg/m3, with an average value of 0.9515 mg/m3. The potential fishing areas for Skipjack Tuna identified during the research in the waters of West Sumatra were around Siberut Island in the Mentawai Islands, at the coordinates of 98°98’15.43"E and 01°97’32.35"S 99°27’67.95"E and 01°98’71.43"S.
Kerapatan Stomata pada Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica) di Kawasan PT Semen Gresik Pabrik Tuban Kecamatan Kerek Kabupaten Tuban Hidayat, Achmad Nur; Mustofa, Ali; Cintamulya, Imas
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.73-78.2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the density of stomata and stomatal structure on Mango leaves in each ring of the cement factory area. The research is descriptive analysis. Sampling was done through a random survey in the Indonesian cement industry Tuban factory which was divided into 3 rings, namely Ring 1 Ring 2 and Ring 3. The parameters observed were stomatal density and damage. The results showed that the density of stomata in Ring 1 showed a percentage of 0.162 which showed a low density while Ring 2 was 371, 91 which showed a medium density and Ring 3 was 449.07 which showed a medium density. The results presented in Table 2 on the level of stomatal damage show a difference in the percentage of stomatal damage on mango leaves (Mangifera indica) located in Ring 1 and Ring 2. In stomata in Ring 1 with a greater percentage of stomatal damage, which is 34.7% compared to stomatal damage to mango leaves located in Ring 2 by 20.7% and Ring 3 by 11%. The conclusion of this study shows that the density and damage to the stomata of mango leaves (Mangifera indica) can be influenced by the concentration of pollutants. the level of density and stomatal damage in the Semen Indonesia Tuban area shows that the closer to the factory area the higher the level of air pollution which causes the nearest area to have high stomatal damage and high stomatal density.
Keanekaragaman Kumbang (Coleoptera) di Kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas, Provinsi Jambi Surgandi, Rafli; Kartika, Winda Dwi; Subagyo, Agus
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.12.2.114-121.2024

Abstract

Kumbang (Coleoptera) berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Misalnya sebagai dekomposer dan bioindikator kerusakan habitat. Penyebaran spesies  Coleoptera di berbagai tipe habitat salah satunya di kawasan perairan. Danau Tangkas yang terletak di Desa Tanjung Lanjut, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menjadi habitat habitat yang kondusif untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan kumbang. Sebagai kawasan wisata, Danau Tangkas berpotensi mengalami perubahan yang dapat berdampak pada keanekaragaman kumbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kumbang yang terdapat di kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 4 titik lokasi yang berbeda. Dibuat 4 plot dengan ukuran 10 x 10 meter. Koleksi sampel menggunakan pitfall trap, light trap, sweep net, hand collecting dan floathing method. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh sebanyak 868 individu, 16 spesies dan 10 famili Coleoptera. Sehingga diketahui tingkat keanekaragaman spesies Coleoptera di kawasan Danau Tangkas tergolong sedang dengan nilai sebesar 2,52. Kelimpahan relatif spesies yang tertinggi yaitu Altica chalybea dengan nilai sebesar 15,32%.

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