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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23032162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 294 Documents
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Penggandaan Kromosom dan Pertumbuhan Somaklonal Andalas (Morus macroura Miq. var macroura) yang Diperlakukan dengan Kolkisin Anzharni Fajrina; M Idris; - Mansyurdin; Netty W Surya
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.1.1.%p.2012

Abstract

The aim of this research was to find the best concentration of colchicine and soaking time to induce tetraploid plants and to study the growth responses of Andalas somaclone. The colchicine concentrations consist of 0.05, 0.1; 0.15% with soaking time were 72 and 96 hours respectively. The results showed that the concentration of 0.05% colchicine with 96 hours soaking time able to induce highest percentage shoot of Andalas tetraploid (75%). The highest percentage of roots induction and the best timing of root formation were obtained at concentration of 0.05% colchicine with 96 hours soaking time.Keywords: Morus macroura Miq. var macroura,somaclone, growth, chromosomes, colchicine
Deskripsi Gejala dan Tingkat Serangan Penyakit Busuk Kuning Pada Batang Tanaman Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus, L.) di Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat Dina Barthana; Nasril Nasir; - Jumjunidang
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.3.%p.2013

Abstract

The study about on the description of symptoms and disease severity of yellow disease stem rot of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus, L) in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera has been was studied from December 2012 to February 2013. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of plant diseases and the screen house of Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute Solok and Microbiology laboratory of Biology Department of Mathematic and Natural Science, Andalas University, Padang. The purpose of the study was to characterize and identify the symptoms of the yellow disease stem rot on dragon fruit. This study was used direct observation method and the data were analyzed descriptively. The result showed that percentage of yellow disease stem rot of dragon fruit in Padang Pariaman was 99,5% while disease severity index was 2,59 (moderate severity). The microbes found at the time of isolation were Fusarium sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Sclerotium sp., fungi (sp.1) and bacteria (sp. 1). The microbes that caused yellow disease stem rot of red dragon fruit which was investigated by using postulate Koch test was Fusarium sp.Key words: Symptoms, disease severity, yellow disease stem rot, identification
Cacing Parasit Saluran Pencernaan Pada Hewan Primata di Taman Satwa Kandi Kota Sawahlunto Provinsi Sumatera Barat Fadhilah Rahmah; - Dahelmi; Siti Salmah
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.1.%p.2013

Abstract

A study about gastrointestinal helminths of four species of primate was conducted from June to September 2012 at Taman Satwa Kandi Sawahlunto and Laboratory of Animal Taxonomy, Andalas University, Padang. This study aimed to identify species of gastrointestinal helminths of the primates and to determine the prevalence of the parasites. This study used non-invassive method by collecting fresh fecal samples from ten individuals of captivated primates and collecting soil samples around exhibition cages. Those samples were examined by using floating-centrifuge and filtration methods. The result showed that in the primates fecal were found eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (prevalence= 60%), eggs of Trichuris sp. (10%), rhabditiform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis (20%) and rhabditiform larvae of Necator americanus (20%). In the contaminated soil were found eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (10%), eggs of Necator americanus and rhabditiform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. This result indicated those primates were vulnerable to the infection of helminth parasites.Keywords : gastrointestinal helmints, prevalence, primates, Taman Satwa Kandi
Studi Jenis-Jenis Zingiberaceae di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Gunung Talang Sumatera Barat Aulia Muhradi Delta; Ardinis Arbain; - Syamsuardi
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.3.%p.2013

Abstract

Floristic study on Zingiberaceae at Protected Forest areas in Talang Mount, West Sumatra has been carried out from July 2012 to April 2013. Samples of Zingiberaceae were directly collected during tracking and searching along three exploration routes to top of mount Talang i.e. the Batu-Banjanjang, Aie Batumbuk and Koto Gadang Guguk. The samples were processed to herbariums specimen and identified at Herbarium Universitas Andalas (ANDA) Padang. Based on analysis of morphological characters, nine species of Zigiberaceae were identified; Etlingera elatior, Etlingera sp., Etlingera foetens, Geostachys sp., Globba aurantiaca, Globba talangensis, Hedychium coronarium, Hornstedtia Pininga and Zingiber zerumbet. We suggested further research for Etlingera sp. and Geostachys sp. on its possibility as new species.
Pemberian Mulsa Jerami Padi (Oryza sativa) Terhadap Gulma dan Produksi Tanaman Kacang Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Yuwindah Gustanti; - Chairul; Zuhri Syam
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.3.1.%p.2014

Abstract

An experiment of giving mulch of rice straw (Oryza sativa) on weeds and crop production soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr) has been carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Andalas University, Padang from June to September 2013. The purpose of this study was to determine and define how mulch of rice straw suppress weed growth and increase the production of soybeans. This experiment used a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replications. The result showed that rice straw mulching of 300g/10kg can suppressed the growth of weeds, and rice straw mulching of 500g/10kg could increase soybean production. All treatments showed significantly influence on the increase weight of soybeans product. Keyword: mulch, rice straw, soybean, weeds
Komunitas Mamalia Kecil Terestrial di Gunung Singgalang, Sumatera Barat Heru Handika; - Jabang; - Rizaldi
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.2.%p.2013

Abstract

The communities of small terrestrial mammals are known to be affected by the forest disturbances. The investigation of small terrestrial mammals’ community in had been conducted Mount Singgalang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Small terrestrial mammals were trapped in three different habitats; heavily disturbed, slightly disturbed and undisturbed forest. At each site, four transects were established using a total of 360 trap-night effort (120 trap-nights effort per site). We caught 37 individuals, consisted of 8 species which were included into 3 families and 3 orders. Composition and structure of the community was different among habitats.The highest diversity and abundance was found at slightly disturbed forest. In term of species composition, heavily disturbed forest was more similar to slightly disturbed forest than undisturbed forest. Crocidura neglecta and Maxomys surifer were the most tolerant species to the effect of forest disturbance. It is concluded that such differences among habitats in Mount Singgalangtend to have certain influences, although the significant difference was not found.Keywords: community, small terrestrial mammals, Mount Singgalang
Komposisi dan Struktur Komunitas Karang (Scleractinia) di Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pantai Nirwana Padang Vany Helsa Anwar; Indra Junaidi Zakaria; Afrizal S
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.3.1.%p.2014

Abstract

A study on the composition and community structure of Scleractinia in coral reef ecosystem at coastal region Taman Nirwana Padang have been done from April - July 2013. This study was to know the competition and community structure of Scleractinia at coastal region Taman Nirwana Padang. The research was conducted by "Line Intercept Transect" and "Purposive Sampling" in two zones: Tourism zone and Mangrove zone and depth are 2-7 meters. Each zones have eight transects and each transect length of 25 meters. There are 50 coral species belong to 12 family at Nirwana beach. The highest relative density of coral species are A. palifera (RD 6.56%), Galaxea fasicularis (RD 5, 96%), Pocillopora damicornis (RD 5.79%), Goniopora pandoraensis (RD 5.27%), Goniastrea pectinata (RD 4.92%), P. lobata (RD 4.58%). Diversity index of coral species at coastal region Taman Nirwana is high (3.566). Diversity index of each zone are Tourism zone (3.533) and Mangrove zone (3.502). The equitabilities index are 0,907 (Tourism zone) and 0.909 (Mangrove zone). The composition of coral species at two zone at coastal region Taman Nirwana were in stable condition, and a similarity index is 95.8%. Keywords: Coral, composition, Community, Nirwana Beach
Multiplikasi Tunas Andalas (Morus macroura Miq. var. macroura) dengan Menggunakan Thidiazuron dan Sumber Eksplan Berbeda secara In Vitro Eron Swandra; M Idris; Netty W Surya
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.1.1.%p.2012

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the responses of Andalas somaclone explant and to determine the best concentration of thidiazuron (TDZ) for shoot multiplication. It used completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial with two experimental factors and three replications. The first factor was source of nodal explant; explant without colchicine treatment and explant with colchicine treatment (0,1% for 72 hours immersion time). The second factor was five levels of TDZ which were 0; 0.125; 0.250; 0.375 and 0.500 mg/l. The results showed that all treatment gave life percentage of explant 100%. The best timing of shoot formation were 5.33 day after cultured (dac) from explant without colchicine treatment and 5 dac from explant with colchicine treatment. TDZ 0,500 mg/l from explant without colchicine treatment showed the highest number of shoots (12.67) while TDZ 0.375 mg/l for explant with cholchine treatment (10.67). The highest length of shoot were showed in TDZ 0.125 mg/L from explant without colchicine treatment (32.33 mm) and explant with colchicine treatment (38.33 mm). The length of shoot decreased along increasing of TDZ concentration, while the number of shoot increased along increasing of TDZ concentration.Keywords: Morus macroura Miq. var. macroura, multiplication, thidiazuron, explant, in vitro
Analisis Morfologi Granula Pati dan Kristal Pada Beberapa Jenis Talas Ema Susiana; Tesri Maideliza; - Mansyurdin
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.4.%p.2013

Abstract

The study of comparative characters of starch grain and crystal morphologically had been done among five species of taro from January until April 2013 in Plant Structure and Development Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Andalas University. The corm of taro species were analyzed the character of shape and size by using fresh preparate. The result showed that X. sagittifolium and X. violaceum have circular starch grain, while C. esculenta cv. 1, C. esculenta cv. 2, C. esculenta cv. 3 have ellip starch grain. The shape of calcium oxalate crystals found is a bundle of raphide, individual raphide and druse. The all species of taro have individual raphide. C. esculenta cv. 1 and C. esculenta cv. 3 have raphides and druse crystal. Keywords : taro, starch, crystals, Xanthosoma, Colocasia
Pengaruh Pemberian Rhodamin B Terhadap Struktur Histologis Ginjal Mencit Putih (Mus musculus L.) Riska Mayori; Netty Marusin; Djong Hon Tjong
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.2.1.%p.2013

Abstract

Rhodamine B is synthetic textile dye that currently still used for food coloring. Thus, it is important to analyse the effect of the substance on health. It was aimed to identify the histological structure changes of the mice kidney caused by Rhodamin B. This research was used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design in factorial pattern consisting of two factors such as dose of (0; 3.5; 7.0 and 14 mg/g body weight) and duration of treatment (0; 7; 14 and 21 days). The result showed that of dose and duration of treatment Rhodamin B have significant effect on the percentages of glomerular damage, and so did the interactions of both factors. Histological analysis showed the presence of narrowing of bowman space in glomerular, hipertrophy, necrosis and serosis of the tubules. The higher dose and the longer duration of treatment of Rhodamin B, the more serious of structural damages of kidney.Keywords : Rhodamin B, kidney, Mus musculus

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