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Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology

ijbiotech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 08538654 EISSN : 20892241 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. IJBiotech is published biannually and accepts original research articles featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results. A strong preference is given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biotechnology and society in general.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 518 Documents

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Determination of Haemaglutinin and Gene Encoding Fibronectin Binding Proteins Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Dairy Milk Cows Feny Prabawati Pratomo; Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia; Syarifudin Tato
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy milk cows. Themastitis has immense economical impacts, where it reduces of the quantity and quality of milk production.The aims of the research were to analyse haemaglutinin and gene encoding fbronectin binding proteins.Nineteen Staphylococcus aureus isolates used in the present study were isolated from dairy milk cows fromYogyakarta, Solo, Boyolali and Sumedang. The haemagluitinin of S. aureus were determined based onhaemaglutination reaction to erythrocytes of rabbit. Detection of gene encoding fbronectin binding proteinscould be performed with specifc primers using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of studiesshowed that most of S. aureus (78,95%) expressed haemaglutinin based on their ability to aglutinate rabbiterythrocytes. Analysis of gene encoding fbronectin binding proteins of S. aureus revealed gene fnbA withsize of approximately 1300 bp for 57,89% isolates, gene fnbB with size of approximately 900 bp for 31,58%isolates and both of gene fnbA and fnbB could be detected for 31,58% isolates. The characters of S. aureusbased on haemaglutinin, gene fnbA and fnbB of the present study could be used as an information to controlof S. aureus infection in dairy herds.

Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii Repeat Region 529 bp (NCBI Acc. No. AF146527) as a Probe Candidate for Molecular Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis Dyah Ayu Oktavianie A Pratama; S. Sumartono; Wayan T. Artama
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 14, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The infection is commonly asymptomatic. The availability of confirmative and accurate detection system is really needed. This research was aimed to develop a molecular diagnosis based on the conserved and high copy number repeat region of Toxoplasma gondii with hibridization method. Nucleic acid was isolated from tachyzoites. The repeat region of T. gondii was amplified using PuRe Taq Ready To Go-PCR Beads (Amersham Bioscience), forward primer 5’- GAC TCG GGC CCA GCT GCG -3’ and reverse primer 5’- CCT CTC CTA CCC CTC CTC -3’. The amplicon was sequenced using ABI Prism 3100-Avant Genetic Analyzer (PT. Charoen Pokphand, Jakarta). Probe was labeled using digoxigenin-11-dUTP. Application of probe to detect it’s complementary nucloeic acid was done by hibridization method.The research concluded that probe toxo-103 bp was highly homolog with several strain of T. gondii and it has no homology either with host’s genome or other parasites which have close genetic relationship with T. gondii. Hybridization analysis showed that probe could detect the complementary nucleic acid up to 10 ng/ul concentration.

The growth improvement of Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl. in vitro plantlet using photoautotrophic micropropagation system Aries Bagus Sasongko; Asruwaidah Fatumi; Ari Indrianto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

To improve the growth of Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl. in vitro plantlet, a photoautotrophic micropropagation system (PMS) was developed by growing in vitro plantlet on VW medium with varying concentration of sucrose (0, 5, 10, and 20 g/L) and additional carbon dioxide from the air (bottle covered with cap or filter). The result showed that the leaf length would increase up to 6.5 cm with PMS and it would keep growing by the adding of 5 g/L sucrose. Average number of leaves increased by 6.7 strands with PMS and the addition of sucrose increased the average quantity of leaves up to 7.7 strands. Average number and root length would increase with PMS and would even increase more with 5 g/L sucrose addition. PMS with 5 g/L sucrose can increase chlorophyll a and b concentration. The number of stomata per unit area in PMS was lower than closed culture. This shows that PMS can increase the growth of G. scriptum in vitro plantlet and the growth increase would be effective if it is combined with sucrose addition.

Amylolytic ability of bacteria isolated from termite (Coptotermes sp.) gut Putri Dwi Mulyani; Radhiyah Mardhiyah Hamid; Rifqi Zahroh Janatunaim; Yekti Asih Purwestri
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 23, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

BSR 2, BSR 3, BSR 8, and BSR 9, different bacteria isolated from the termite gut, have been shown to possess cellulolytic activities, but their amylolytic ability has heretofore been unknown. This study attempted to fill in this knowledge gap. The formation of a clear zone using the iodine test showed that the bacteria were able to produce and secrete amylase. Based on the results, the best cultivation times for strains BSR 2, BSR 3, BSR 8, and BSR 9 were 6, 3, 2, and 2 d, respectively, yielding amylase activities of 2.59 ± 0.13 U/mg, 2.00 ± 0.08 U/mg, 1.67 ± 0.10 U/mg, and 1.55 ± 0.12 U/mg, respectively. BSR 2 had the highest amylase activity compared with the other bacterial isolates. The optimum ph for bacterial amylase activity of BSR 2 was 7.0, and the optimum temperature was 40°C. The molecular characterization of isolates BSR 2, BSR 3, BSR 8, and BSR 9 was based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Isolates BSR 8 and BSR 9 were thus identified as Brevibacillus parabrevis and Brevibacillus sp. With similarities amounting to 92.48% and 95.91%, while the BSR 3 isolate was identified as Pseudomonas alcaligenes with a similarity of 94.29%, and the BSR 2 isolate could not be identified yet.

Ethanol Fermentation on Mixed Sugars Using Mixed Culture of Two Yeast Strains J. Jasman; Irfan Dwidya Prijambada; Chusnul Hidayat; Donny Widianto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 18, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of mixed cultures of the recommended yeast strainsfrom a previous study on ethanol fermentation using a substrate mixture consisting of sucrose, glucose, andfructose. There were three mixed (combination) cultures namely OUT7096/OUT7913, OUT7096/OUT7921,and OUT7913/OUT7921. The fermentation medium contained sugar mixture consisting of glucose, fructose,and sucrose with a composition generally close to the composition of sugars in sweet sorghum juice. Overall,fermentation is carried out in two stages. First fermentation was performed using the three mixed culturesto determine the best combination based on the concentration of ethanol produced and the concentration ofresidual sugar. Second fermentation was conducted using the best mixed culture obtained from the fi rst stage.This second stage was intended to describe the pattern of the changes in the concentration of ethanol, sugarsand biomass during the fermentation progresses and to determine some kinetic parameters namely ethanolyield (Yp/s), growth yield (Yx/s) and specifi c growth rate (μ). The results of the fi rst fermentation showed thatthe best mixed culture was OUT7913/OUT7921 and the subsequent fermentation using this culture providethe highest ethanol yield (Yp/s) = 0.47 g.g-1 that was reached at 53rd hour, growth yield (Yx/s) = 0.425 g.g-1, andμ = 0.12 hour-1.Keywords : fermentation, ethanol, mixed culture, mixed sugar

Adherence Pheno-genotypic of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Beef, Feces of Cattle, Chicken and Human I Wayan Suardana; Wayan Tunas Artama; Widya Asmara; Budi Setiadi Dayono
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Generally, adherence of micro-organisms to host cells is the frst step of the colonization to host surfaces.Escherichia coli O157:H7 can colonize to the intestine and induce attaching-effacing (AE) lessions. The capacityof inducing AE lesions is encoded by a pahtogenicity island, the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) thatcontains genes involved in generation of attaching and effaching (A/E) lesions. Among which that, the eaegene is encoding intimin, an outer membrane protein that is responsible to intimate attachment to the intestinalepithelial cells. A total of 20 local isolates obtained from human clinically, beef, cattle, chicken, and humannon-clinically were tested to adherence pheno-genotypic of E. coli O157:H7. The eae gene was identifed usingpolymerase chain reaction with a specifc primer i.e AE19 forward and AE20 reverse. To confrm phenotypicof gene, further study was performed by culturing the bacteria in vero cell, followed by Giemsa staining andAcridine Orange Fluorescent staining 3 h and 6 h after incubation, respectivelly. Result of study showed thatthere were 19 out of 20 (95%) isolates identifed positive eae gene. Giemsa staining appeared that the bacteriawith positive eae gene performed a cluster arroud of cell (localized adherence). On the other hand, the negativeeae gene appeared as a diffuse adherence (DA). The study indicated that almost all of E. coli O157:H7 localisolates which was positive eae gene had potency to colonize to the intestine and induce attching-effachinglessions, and also cause cytopahatic effects in intestinal epithelial cell

Identification of Thymocyte Subset by Multicolor Flow Cytometry ED LSR II FACSDriva - FlowJo Software Analysis H. Harapan; W. Wienands; I. Ichsan; Ana Indrayati
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 13, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In their development, thymocytes express different cell surface molecules that important for identification of thymocyte subset. It’s not easy to detect this cell surface molecules to determine the thymocyte subpopulation for research. Here we used multicolor flow cytometry ED LSR II FACSDriva - FlowJo software to identify of thymocyte subset from thymocyte sample solution using several antibodies such as mouse anti rat CD2-FITC, mouse anti rat CD45RC-PE, mouse anti rat CD4-APC, mouse anti rat CD8á-PerCP, mouse anti rat CD3-Biotin + PE-Cy7 or APC-Cy7. We determined double negative and single positive thymocyt subset (CD4 or CD8), found that the double negative thymocyte subset express CD2 and CD45RC. It was useful to determine the thymocyte subset using multicolor flow sitometry ED LSR II FACSDriva - FlowJo software.

Biochemical properties of crude extracellular proteases from Chromohalobacter salexigens BKL5 and Micrococcus luteus 11A Ayu Ashari Achmad; M. Saifur Rohman; Irfan D. Prijambada
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this work, we have reported an enzymatic activity and biochemical properties of extracellular proteases from Chromohalobacter salexigens BKL5 and Micrococcus luteus 11A. C. salexigens BKL5 and M. luteus 11A were previously isolated from Bledug Kuwu mud volcano and dietary industry wastewater treatment, respectively. Both bacterial strains were able to produce extracellular proteases, when grown on minimal agar medium supplemented with 1% of skim milk. Proteolytic indexes of C. salexigens BKL5 and M. luteus 11A were 2.5±0.14 and 2.9±0.42, respectively. Both extracellular proteases exhibited optimum enzymatic activity at pH 7, with specific activity of C. salexigens BKL5 was 13.3% higher than that of M. luteus 11A. Optimum temperature for enzymatic activity of both proteases was 45°C. Metal cofactor preferences assay showed that extracellular protease from C. salexigens BKL5 preferred Zn2+, meanwhile extracellular protease from M. luteus 11A mainly preferred Ca2+ ion. Metal cofactor preferences assay also suggested that crude extracellular protease from C. salexigens BKL5 was categorized as metalloprotease, meanwhile crude extracellular protease of M. luteus 11A was common neutral protease. The enzymatic stability assay against various salt concentrations showed that crude extracellular protease from C. salexigens BKL5 was more stable than that of M. luteus 11A.

Production and Optimization of Oleic Acid Ethyl Ester Synthesis Using Lipase From Rice Bran (Oryza sativa L.) and Germinated Jatropha Seeds (Jatropha curcas L.) by Response Surface Methodology Indro Prastowo; Chusnul Hidayat; Pramudji Hastuti
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 17, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Recently, the fatty acid ethyl ester has been synthesized in place of fatty acid methyl ester since ethanol has been more renewable. In this research, oleic acid ethyl ester (OAEE) was synthesized using germinated jatropha seeds (Jatropha curcas.L) and rice bran (Oryza sativa) as source of lipase. The objective of the research was to optimize the synthesis conditions using Response Surface Methodology. Factors, such as crude enzyme concentration, molar ratio of oleic acid to ethanol, and the reaction time, were evaluated. The results show that lipase from germinated jatropha seeds had the hydrolitic and esterifi cation activity about 6.73 U/g and 298.07 U/g, respectively. Lipase from rice bran had the hydrolitic and esterifi cation activity about 10.57 U/g and 324.03 U/g, respectively. The optimum conditions of esterifi cation reaction using germinated jatropha seed lipase as biocatalyst were crude enzyme concentration of 0.31 g/ml, molar ratio of oleic acid to ethanol of 1 : 1.81, and reaction time of 50.9 min. The optimum conditions of esterifi cation reaction using rice bran lipase were crude enzyme concentration of 0.29 g/ml, molar ratio of oleic acid to ethanol of 1 : 2.05, and reaction time of 58.61 min. The obtained amounts of OAEE were 810.77 μmole and 626.92 μmole for lipases from rice bran and germinated jatropha seed, respectively.

Stachybotrys chartarum: A Novel Biological Agent for The Extracellular Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activity Abdel Ghany Tarek Mohamed
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 18, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microbial assisted biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a rapidly progressing area of nanobiotechnology. Inthis paper Stachybotrys chartarum assisted extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is reportedwhen challenged with 1mM silver nitrate (AgNO3). The characterization of AgNPs was carried out visualobservation and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Further analysis carried out by Fourier Transform InfraredSpectroscopy (FTIR), provides evidence for the presence of proteins as capping agent, which helps in increasingthe stability of the synthesized AgNPs. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) investigations confi rmedthat AgNPs were formed. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were found in the range of 65-108 nm. Finally,the antimicrobial susceptibility of AgNPs synthesized was investigated which exhibited more potent activityagainst bacteria than fungi compared with using silver nitrate at concentration 1mM. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Stachybotrys chartarum, Silver nanoparticles

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