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Biota
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang
ISSN : 2528262X     EISSN : 24607746     DOI : https://doi.org/10.19109/Biota
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal biota is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and biodiversity Wetland tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. Original research articles written in English and featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results are accepted, with a strong preference given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biology and society in general
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 188 Documents
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Cloning of the pcbC Gene Encoding Isopenicillin N Synthase Family Oxygenase from Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13 in Escherichia coli Fauzan Syarif Nursyafi; Abi Awfa Rahman; Imron Hasibuan; Lisana Shiddiqin Aliyya; Noza Hilbertina; Dian Pertiwi; Hasmiwati Hasmiwati; Julizar Nazar; Lily Syukriani; Jamsari Jamsari
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.30398

Abstract

Developing semisynthetic penicillin is one approach to overcoming antibiotic resistance. Isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) is crucial for the biosynthesis of semisynthetic penicillin, as it catalyzes the oxidative condensation of delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV) to isopenicillin N. Through genome mining studies of Serratia plymuthica strain UBCF_13, the presence of the pcbC gene encoding isopenicillin N synthase family oxygenase (IPNSfo) was revealed. Therefore, this study aimed to clone the pcbC gene from S. plymuthica UBCF_13 into Escherichia coli and to characterize it at the DNA and in silico level. To achieve this, the pcbC gene was first amplified using PCR with specific primers, producing a single amplicon of approximately 1035 bp, and then cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector. Colony PCR verified the presence of the recombinant pGEM_pcbC construct in transformant bacteria. The cloned insert was subsequently sequenced, and the edited consensus sequence showed 100% similarity and 0% phylogenetic distance to the S. plymuthica UBCF_13 genome. For bioinformatics characterization, the predicted IPNSfo protein structure showed consistent features, and domain analysis identified three conserved domains: DIOX_N, IPNS-like_FE2OG_OXY, and Oxoglu/Fe_dep_dioxygenase. These findings demonstrate the successful cloning and preliminary molecular characterization of the pcbC gene from S. plymuthica UBCF_13 in E. coli.
Effects of Green Tea Kombucha Administration on Sperm Motility and Morphology in Male Mice (Mus musculus) Nova Lusiana; Eva Agustina; Risa Purnamasari
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.31663

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of green tea kombucha administration on sperm quality in male mice (Mus musculus), with particular emphasis on sperm motility and morphology. Green tea kombucha is a fermented beverage derived from Camellia sinensis using a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) and contains bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity. A completely randomized experimental design was employed, consisting of one control group and four treatment groups that received different oral doses of kombucha for 30 days. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids. The results showed a dose-dependent improvement in sperm motility and the proportion of morphologically normal spermatozoa, with the highest dose producing the greatest effect. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed significant differences among the groups (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that green tea kombucha may improve sperm quality, potentially through antioxidant-related mechanisms, although these mechanisms were not directly investigated in the present study. In conclusion, green tea kombucha shows potential as a functional dietary intervention for supporting male reproductive health.
Anthocyanin-Modified Starch-Cellulose-Based Bioplastic Films as a Smart Labels for Shrimp Freshness Monitoring M. Mahfudz Fauzi Syamsuri; Hasan Marzuki; Vicka Andini; Damayanti Iskandar
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.33333

Abstract

Food waste is a critical global issue, with approximately one-third of total food production lost or wasted annually along the supply chain. Shrimp, owing to its high perishability, is particularly susceptible to spoilage, while its freshness is commonly assessed using destructive methods that do not enable real-time monitoring. This study reports the development of innovative starch–cellulose-based bioplastic films incorporated with anthocyanins extracted from Melastoma malabathricum fruit (MMF) as smart labels for real-time monitoring of shrimp freshness. The bioplastic films were fabricated using the solution-casting method with water hyacinth (WH), corn starch, and glycerol, followed by the incorporation of MMF anthocyanins as natural pH-sensitive indicators. The addition of anthocyanins improved the mechanical properties of the bioplastic films, with tensile strength and elongation at break reaching 8.29 MPa and 13.62%, respectively. The films exhibited distinct and reversible color changes from purple to red under acidic conditions and from purple to yellow-brown under alkaline conditions. During real-time shrimp freshness monitoring, the films showed a progressive color transition from purple to yellow-brown, corresponding to the accumulation of volatile basic nitrogenous compounds generated during protein degradation. These findings demonstrate that MMF anthocyanin-incorporated starch–cellulose-based bioplastic films have potential as smart labels for real-time shrimp freshness monitoring in food-packaging systems, thereby contributing to efforts to reduce food waste.
Green Analytical Chemistry in Forensic Science: Current Applications, Validation Challenges and Sustainability Perspectives Zihan Mila Fadhillah; Mohamad Hamdi Zainal Abidin; Sonny Kristianto; Mohamad Afiq bin Mohamed Huri
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.33371

Abstract

Forensic laboratories must reduce chemical, material, and energy burdens without weakening the reliability or legal defensibility of analytical results. This critical narrative review examines the application of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) to forensic toxicology, trace evidence, environmental and explosive-residue analysis, and field-deployable testing. Peer-reviewed literature and authoritative standards were identified through structured searches of PubMed, publisher databases, and official standards repositories up to 7 August 2026. Sources were selected for direct relevance to analytical sustainability, forensic application, method validation, or laboratory quality management, and bibliographic information was checked against publisher or DOI records. Miniaturized extraction, direct and non-destructive spectroscopy, microfluidics, paper-based analytical devices, automation, and alternative biosamples can reduce sample and reagent consumption and shorten workflows. Nevertheless, none of these approaches is inherently green: their environmental value depends on the complete procedure, including solvent toxicity, material composition, instrument energy demand, waste management, and repeat-analysis requirements. Likewise, a lower environmental burden cannot compensate for inadequate selectivity, sensitivity, robustness, measurement uncertainty, evidence preservation, or confirmatory capability. The principal contribution of this review is a dual-axis framework that combines quantitative greenness assessment with forensic fitness for purpose. Implementation should integrate tools such as AGREE, AGREEprep, GAPI, and the Analytical Eco-Scale with ISO/IEC 17025 quality systems and discipline-specific forensic validation standards. A staged implementation roadmap is proposed for laboratories with different resource levels, while the development of national or regional sustainability protocols is presented as a research and policy agenda rather than an established achievement.
Neurodevelopmental Responses to Argireline and Matrixyl in Chicken Embryo: An Indication of Teratogenic Potential Luthfi Nurhidayat; Papuani Samparisna Rumansara; Salsabila Faradisa Nuris; Anggita Endar Pertiwi; Sirayya Iliyyin; Imran Sadewo; Nur safitri Rusiwardani; Sais Sularsah; Sekar Rahayu; Felisitas Meli Podhi; Adelfiani Adelfiani; Shuha Ma&#039;muriyah Halim; Siti Aeniah; Ardaning Nuriliani; Hendry T.S. Saragih
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.33882

Abstract

Anti-aging skincare products are widely used because of their potential to reduce visible signs of skin aging. Argireline (acetyl hexapeptide-8) and Matrixyl-related peptides are commonly incorporated as bioactive ingredients in cosmetic formulations. Despite their widespread topical use, information regarding their potential developmental toxicity remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential teratogenic effects of argireline and matrixyl using an in ovo chick embryo model (Gallus gallus gallus). Fertilized eggs were incubated for 68 h and subsequently exposed to different concentrations of argireline (1%, 5%, and 10%) or matrixyl (5%, 10%, and 20%) through fenestration of the vitelline membrane. After a total incubation period of 116 h, corresponding approximately to Hamburger–Hamilton stage 25, the embryos were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin (NBF), dehydrated in methanol, and examined using a stereomicroscope. Exposure to 5% and 10% argireline resulted in a significant reduction in mesencephalon size, accompanied by morphological indications suggestive of microphthalmia at both concentrations. Embryos exposed to 1% argireline exhibited mild enlargement of the brain and eye regions; however, the biological significance of this response requires further investigation. In contrast, embryos treated with matrixyl showed no apparent morphological abnormalities under the experimental conditions used. These findings indicate that argireline may induce concentration-dependent developmental alterations at higher concentrations and highlight the potential utility of the chick embryo model for preliminary screening of the developmental toxicity of cosmetic peptides. Further studies incorporating larger sample sizes, additional developmental endpoints, and complementary toxicological approaches are required to confirm these findings.
The First report of Didymosphaeria variabile associated with leaf spot disease on Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) in Ethiopia Weldesenbet Beze Kassie; Wendu Admasu Darge
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.34284

Abstract

This study reports the first confirmed occurrence of Didymosphaeria variabile associated with leaf spot disease of Eucalyptus globulus in urban plantations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A systematic field survey conducted from March to May 2024 across 10 plantation sites spanning elevations of 2,138–2,961 m a.s.l. revealed characteristic light-brown necrotic leaf lesions bearing scattered pycnidia. Across all surveyed sites, the overall mean disease incidence was 92.9 ± 8.03%, while mean disease severity was 81.87 ± 6.75%. A total of 250 symptomatic leaves were collected for pathogen isolation, characterization, and identification. Morphological examination revealed pycnidia and ovoid, septate conidia consistent with D. variabile, with conidia measuring 2.9–4.5 × 1.2–2.6 µm and a mean colony radial growth rate of 2.1 ± 0.3 mm day⁻¹. Molecular identification based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region showed 100% sequence identity with reference sequences of D. variabile. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis placed the Ethiopian isolates within a well-supported clade containing D. variabile reference sequences (bootstrap support: 100%). Pathogenicity assays on detached E. globulus leaves reproduced field-like symptoms within 10–14 days, and the pathogen was successfully reisolated, thereby fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Inoculated leaves developed a mean lesion diameter of 8.3 ± 1.2 mm, whereas no lesions developed in the controls. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences among treatments (F₂, ₂₇: 187.4, P < 0.001; Tukey’s HSD, P < 0.05). This study provides the first confirmed report of D. variabile associated with leaf spot disease of E. globulus in Ethiopia and highlights the need for strengthened disease surveillance, urban forestry management, and long-term monitoring of Eucalyptus plantations in East Africa.
Antidiabetic Activity of Endophytic Fungal Extract from Ziziphus spina-christi (Bidara) Bark in Vitro Through Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Syarifah Syarifah; Delia Yusfarani; Binar Azwar Anas Harpian; Silvia Rizka Nadia; Yunita Pransiska; Ghani Stabit Albanani Syaekhan
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.35619

Abstract

Endophytic microorganisms colonize the internal tissues of host plants without causing apparent disease symptoms and are recognized as promising sources of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with potential pharmacological activities. Medicinal plants may harbor endophytes capable of producing bioactive compounds with applications in drug discovery and biological control. In this study, four endophytic isolates were successfully recovered from the stem bark of Ziziphus spina-christi (bidara) and identified as Pythium longifolium (KBB11), Penicillium sp. (KBB42), Mortierella sp. (KBB421), and Colletotrichum acutatum (KBB422). Their potential antidiabetic activity was evaluated in vitro using an α-glucosidase inhibition assay. Isolates KBB11, KBB421, and KBB422 exhibited IC₅₀ values of 92.21, 93.20, and 65.65 µg/mL, respectively, and were classified as active according to the criteria applied in this study. In contrast, KBB42 showed an IC₅₀ value of 132.29 µg/mL and was classified as inactive. Among the tested isolates, KBB422 exhibited the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, as indicated by its lowest IC₅₀ value. These findings suggest that endophytic microorganisms associated with the stem bark of Z. spina-christi, particularly isolate KBB422, may represent promising sources of α-glucosidase inhibitory metabolites and warrant further investigation for their antidiabetic potential.
Phytochemical Profile and Molecular Mechanisms of Peronema canescens Jack in Modulating Inflammation: A Systematic Review Yunita Liana; Subandrate Subandrate; Mgs Irsan Saleh; Krisna Murti
Biota Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Biota
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v12i2.36004

Abstract

Inflammation is a fundamental immunological response; however, chronic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various disorders, including cardiometabolic, neurological, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases. Traditionally, Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) has been used for its antipyretic, wound-healing, and anti-edematous properties. Although preliminary studies support some of these traditional uses, the relationship between its phytochemical constituents and underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms remains insufficiently characterized. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on the phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory effects, and molecular mechanisms of P. canescens based on preclinical studies published between 2020 and 2026. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Ten eligible in vitro and in vivo studies were included and critically appraised using the QUIN and SYRCLE risk-of-bias tools, as appropriate. Acute inflammation was most induced in murine models using carrageenan or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with leaf extracts being the predominant test material. Reported bioactive constituents included kaempferol, apigenin, naringenin, β-sitosterol, and squalene, together with broader classes of flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Across the included studies, P. canescens extracts were associated with reductions in paw edema, exudate volume, leukocyte infiltration, and pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Proposed mechanisms involved modulation of NF-κB signaling and downregulation of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thereby reducing prostaglandin and nitric oxide production. Although the available evidence generally supports the anti-inflammatory potential of P. canescens, some heterogeneity in the magnitude of cytokine modulation was observed, likely reflecting differences in extraction methods, doses, and experimental models. Overall, P. canescens shows promise as a multi-target source of anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. Further studies using standardized extracts, chronic inflammation models, and well-designed clinical trials are required to establish its therapeutic efficacy and safety.

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