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Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 484 Documents
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A Diversity of Copepods in Gajah Mungkur in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia Efri Roziaty; Afrika Arianto; Vina Listiawati
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 9, No 2: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v9i2.23143

Abstract

GajahMungkur Reservoir is a freshwater ecosystem thatis located6kmsouthofWonogiri Regency,CentralJavaProvince. Zooplankton is the primary consumer in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. One of the common zooplankton found in freshwater ecosystem is copepod. Copepod is sensitive organism and play an important role as bioindicatator of water quality. The aimed of this study was to investigate the copepods diversity in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. The method applied to this study is exploration and application of purposive sampling techniques in sampling.  Copepods were collected from three different station, namely Station 1 (fishing area), Station 2 (tourism area), and Station 3 (fish cage area or keramba). The abiotic parameters were found to be varied on each station. Results showed that Gajah Mungkur Reservoir has moderately diverse copepods species with the average of diversity index 1.21. There were 7 species of copepods found in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir which mostly dominated by Mesocyclops sp., especially in Station 1 (fishing area). Meanwhile Microcyclops sp. was only found in Station 3 (fish cage area or keramba), suggesting that this species has a potential as bioindicator in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. This study suggest that changes in physicochemical parameters might influence the diversity and abundance of copepod in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir.
Chemical Profiling of Essential Oil Extracted from Fresh Walang Leaves (Etlingera walang (Blume) R. M. Sm.), an Indigenous Species in Banten, Indonesia Cory Novi; Keukeu Listia Apriliane; Swastika Oktavia
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 10, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v10i1.22998

Abstract

Essential oils are a group of secondary metabolite compounds that have a distinctive aroma and are volatile. Walang leaves are one of the plants suspected of having essential oil content. This study aims to determine the constituent components of essential oil compounds from fresh walang leaves. The method used to extract essential oil from fresh walang leaves is steam distillation. The essential oil produced was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results showed that the essential oil of fresh walang leaves contained 15 components of essential oil compounds and 2 main components of essential oil compounds, namely: Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid 24.52%, 1,2 Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (CAS) Isobutyl phthalate 21.09%.
The Growth of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) After Application of Bean Sprouts Extract [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] on Murashige and Skoog Medium In Vitro Kishy Dhea Herlanda; Endang Nurcahyani; Mahfut Mahfut; Tundjung Tripeni Handayani
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 9, No 2: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v9i2.22948

Abstract

Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) is a commercially valuable vegetable known for its high nutritional content and immune-boosting properties, making it popular among the Indonesian population. However, red spinach cultivation in Indonesia is still relatively low and inconsistent, necessitating efforts to enhance its cultivation. One potential approach is through in vitro culture techniques. This study aimed to investigate the impact of applying mung bean sprout [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] extract on Murashige and Skoog medium, focusing on identifying the most effective concentration for in vitro growth of red spinach explants. The experimental design employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five concentration levels: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Each concentration was replicated five times, with each replication consisting of five red spinach seeds in individual culture bottles. Data analysis involved Levene's test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a significance level of 5%. The findings revealed that the application of mung bean sprout extract significantly influenced the height of plantlets, leaf count, root length, fresh weight, and soluble carbohydrate content of red spinach. The most effective concentration for promoting red spinach explant growth was determined to be 5%.
Activity Test of Catalase Enzyme in Rhizospheric Soil Bacteria Berliana Putri Susanti; Apreza Eka Yuliani; Ahmad Fauzan Hidayatullah; Sutrisno Sutrisno
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 10, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v10i1.22957

Abstract

This research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory of UIN Walisongo Semarang to identify and analyze the catalase enzyme in rhizosphere bacteria around the Laboratory of Campus 2 of UIN Walisongo Semarang. This research was carried out in several stages, namely isolation of rhizosphere bacteria, characterization of rhizosphere bacteria, gram staining of rhizosphere bacteria, and catalase test of rhizosphere bacteria. The data analysis technique used is the descriptive data analysis technique. The results showed that 9 isolates of rhizosphere bacteria produced catalase enzyme in the presence of gas bubbles when reacted with H2O2.
Implementation of Bacteria Isolate as a Fertilizer and Bioinsecticide Agent for the Mealybug Slamet Santosa; Umi Fatmawati
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 9, No 2: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v9i2.20516

Abstract

This research about the implementation of bacteria in papaya plantation soil in Kebumen that has been isolated and characterized and purified. This study aims to determine the potential of local isolate bacteria from papaya agricultural soil: 1). as PGPR bacteria or fertilizing bacteria for chili, eggplant and tomato plants and 2) as a natural bioinsecticide. mealybugs on papaya plants. The samples used were bacteria from the preliminary isolation that had been carried out, namely from the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Exyguobacterium, Serratia, Stenotropomonas, and Acinetobacter. The study was conducted using 50 stems of each plant. Bioinsecticides are applied to papaya trees that are attacked by mealybugs. Measurement of plant growth was measured at 7 days and 30 days after planting. As for bioinsecticides, spraying was carried out 3 times. The results of the study can be concluded in the form of the implementation of bacteria as PGPR which can increase the growth of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens), purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) and can be used as a bioinsecticide to reduce mealybugs (Paracoccus marginatus) on papaya plants (Carica papaya L.)
Nutritional Benefits of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Oil in Animal Feed Rudy Agung Nugroho; Retno Aryani; Esti Handayani Hardi; Hetty Manurung; Rudianto Rudianto
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 10, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v10i1.23015

Abstract

Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) oil is currently an insect oil that potentially replaces fish oils in animal feed. However, there are limited information on its benefits and nutritional comparison of BSLF oil to fish oil. Present study was to evaluate the benefits of BSFL oil in animal feed and compare the BSFL to Fish oil. Collected data of BSFL oil in the animal feed and its physiological effects was obtained from several articles of  reputable journal and compiled into a table. Meanwhile, BSFL was reared and extract their oil to determine the fatty acid composition and compare to fish oil. The current study indicated that BSFL oil can be used in various animal feeds, such as aquafeed, broiler feed, and pets. The BSFL oil which is included in the feed showed an improvement in growth and other physiological responses of animals. Meanwhile, in comparison to fish oil, BSFL oil has a similar composition of fatty acids such as Omega 3 and Omega 6. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) is detected in the BSFL oil, though the quantity is much lower than in fish oil.  Further, the BSFL oil also contains lauric acid. In conclusion, BSFL oil can be an alternative feed ingredient to substitute fish oil and has beneficial to the growth and physiological responses of the animal.
Dragonfly Inventory and Activity in Kasang Kulim Zoo Area, Riau Miranda Delithalia; Radith Mahatma
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 9, No 2: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v9i2.23006

Abstract

Dragonflies have an important role in ecosystem balance as biological control agents and environmental bioindicators because they are sensitive to changes in water quality. Community activities at the Kasang Kulim Zoo can cause changes to water quality. When habitat conditions change, Odonata (dragonfly) will also changes, both in distribution and diversity. This study aims to identify, invent and determine the activity time of dragonflies found in the Kasang Kulim Zoo area. Research was conducted at the end of March to mid-April 2023. Sampling used exploration method by using insect nets. The results obtained a total of 152 individuals belonging to 14 species, four families and two suborders (Anisoptera and Zygoptera). The family Libellulidae totaled eight species, Gomphidae one species, Coenagrionidae four species and Platycnemididae one species. The Libellulidae family are active from 08.00 am to 05.00 pm, while dragonfly species from the Gomphidae family and the Zygoptera suborder are active from 08.00 am to 03.00 pm. Dragonfly activity is influenced by air temperature, air humidity and sunlight intensity.
Potential of Bioactive Compounds in Hepatotoxicity Using Primary Cell Culture Method: A Systematic Review Angga Illahi Kurnia Illahi; Afdhal Raihan; Ivan Petrovsky; Rita Maliza
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 10, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v10i1.23548

Abstract

Hepatotoxicity is a condition characterized by liver cell damage caused by toxic chemicals. This article aims to explore the effects of compounds that contribute to mitigating hepatotoxicity, focusing on in vitro studies, particularly primary cell culture. In this systematic review, we conducted searches in the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases to find articles published between 2008 and 2022. Several active compounds were identified, including N-Benzylpiperazine (BZP), 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine (TFMPP), antimycin A, coenzyme Q (CoQ) substrates, the antioxidant Vitamin C, L-glutamine (Gln), Nimesulide, Luteolin, glutathione, angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) from Angelica sinensis, ammonium glycyrrhizin (CAG) from Glycyrrhiza glabra, L-arginine, silymarin from Silybum marianum, and glucurolactone (GA). However, only six compounds were shown to have remedial and treatment effects on hepatotoxicity and utilized primary cell culture with MTT Assay. These six compounds are Luteolin, Glutathione (GSH), Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) from Angelica sinensis, Ammonium glycyrrhizin (CAG) from Glycyrrhiza glabra, Antimycin A (AA), and Glutamine (Gln). The mechanism of action of these compounds involves preventing further damage to liver cells and repairing cells that have already been damaged. In summary, these compounds play a significant role in addressing hepatotoxicity caused by toxic substances and drugs.
Identification of Anti-Cancer Compounds in Medicinal Plants Using Metabolomic Approaches: A Review Yani Magfiroh
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 9, No 2: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v9i2.23017

Abstract

The modern lifestyle despite its comfort has made cancer a second leading public health problem, following cardiovascular disease. As chemotherapeutic has many side effects including resistance, recent attention has focused on plants which may provide a good opportunity for complementary cancer treatment. Several studies have begun to focus on metabolomic research in order to discover the mechanisms of action of diverse medicinal plants, investigate biomarkers, and comprehend cancer progression at metabolic rates. This study aims to analyze and highlight related metabolomic investigations in medicinal plants that demonstrate the potential of biomarker compounds and their processes in cancer disease. The research methodology uses a literature review that is compiled from many connected journals. According to the findings, bioactive substances present in medicinal plants can be used as biomarkers to disrupt the metabolism of enzymes, transporters, and signaling pathways in cancer cells. Utilized analytical platforms include HPLC, GC-MS, FTIR and NMR. Statistical analysis employs the Anova, PCA, and OPLS-DA methods. Finally, we reviewed biomarkers of medicinal plants and metabolomic pathways, with the result that anticancer compounds may exert their activity by various methods affecting DNA replication, cell cycle, migration and apoptosis.
Toll-Like Receptor Activation and B Cell Maturation Via MyD88-Dependent Pathway Under Hyperglycemia Condition Riandini Aisyah; Safari Wahyu Jatmiko
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 10, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v10i1.23328

Abstract

hyperglycemia causes a degenerative syndrome that involves an inflammatory process with an increase in certain proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines which in the process will activate B cells to produce immunoglobulins through several mechanisms. One of the interesting mechanisms is the mechanism via the MyD88 pathway. Objectives: to explore the role of MyD88 adapter protein in Toll-like receptor activation and B cell maturation under hyperglycemia conditions. Methods: a literature review was done to answer the study objectives. Results: Class switching process under hyperglycemia conditions involves activation of NFkB through the inflammatory MyD88-dependent pathway to trigger the expression of TLR and B cell maturation and proliferation as well as antibody production. The MyD88 adapter protein is a protein formed by stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and plays a role in the continuation of signals from the TLR and IL-1 pathways. Mature B cell stimulation induces 2 genetic changes in the Ig gene locus, called somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) to produce antibodies. Changes in immunoglobulin genes occur related to changes in certain DNA segments at the locus of genes where CSR occurs, this gene change requires the role of AID (activated-induced cytidine deaminase) in DNA cleavage. AID in mature B cells is activated by proinflammatory cytokines via induction of NfKB activation via the inflammatory MyD88-dependent pathway. Conclusion: Toll-like receptor activation plays a crucial role in B cell maturation activated by pro-inflammatory cytokine via MyD88 dependent-NFkB activation. 

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