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INDONESIA
Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir
ISSN : 08541418     EISSN : 2503426x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium
Core Subject : Social,
Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir, adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Teknologi Bahan Galian Nuklir-BATAN yang telah diakreditasi LIPI No.749/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2016 dan menempati peringkat SINTA 2
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 194 Documents
Radioactive Mineral Distribution on Tin Placer Deposits of Southeast Asia Tin Belt Granite in Bangka Island Ngadenin, Ngadenin; Sukadana, I Gde; Syaeful, Heri; Muhammad, Adi Gunawan; Indrastomo, Frederikus Dian; Rosianna, Ilsa; Ciputra, Roni Cahya; Adimedha, Tyto Baskara; Pratiwi, Fadiah; Rachael, Yoshi
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6969

Abstract

Bangka Island is an area rich in primary and secondary tin deposits. Tin deposits are formed around the contact between granite and older rocks, while secondary tin deposits are formed in the modern channels and paleochannels. Many previous researchers have researched radioactive minerals in primary tin deposits and modern channel deposits, but research on radioactive minerals in paleo channel deposits has never been carried out. The characterization of radioactive minerals in paleo channel deposits was done in this study to determine the potency of radioactive minerals in secondary tin deposits by comparing the content of radioactive minerals in paleochannels with modern channels and tin mine tailing deposits. The data used were mineralogical data and radioactivity data, along with the uranium and thorium content of the rocks from several previous studies. Data showed significant mineral content differences in paleo channel, modern channel, and tin mine tailings deposits. Mineral (monazite and zircon) content in tin mine tailing deposits was the highest. Source rocks for the radioactive minerals monazite and zircon are predicted to be the granitic rocks or tourmaline quartz veins of primary tin deposits. The radioactivity value of rocks in the paleo channel is relatively the same as the modern channel, ranging from 20 to 150 c/s. Uranium content in paleo channel is the same as modern channel deposits, ranging from 10 to 15 ppm eU. The thorium content of the rocks in the paleo channel ranges from 1 to 60 ppm eTh, while in the modern channel, it ranges from 1 to 45 ppm eTh. The radioactivity value and uranium content of the rocks are less effective for determining potential areas of radioactive minerals in placer tin deposits. In contrast, data on thorium content are quite effective for determining potential areas of radioactive minerals in placer tin deposits.
Magmatic Evolution of Dago Volcano, West Java, Indonesia Adimedha, Tyto Baskara; Harijoko, Agung; Handini, Esti; Sukadana, I Gde; Syaeful, Heri; Ciputra, Roni Cahya; Rosianna, Ilsa; Indrastomo, Frederikus Dian; Pratiwi, Fadiah; Rachael, Yoshi
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6873

Abstract

Dago Volcano is a product of Miocene Sunda Arc volcanism located southeast of the capital city of Jakarta. The morphological change from flat lava flow to steeper lava morphology implies a process of magma evolution under Dago Volcano. This research provides an overview of the magma evolution that occurs on this volcano. The methods used include volcanostratigraphic analysis, petrographic analysis, mineral chemistry, and whole-rock geochemistry. The volcanostratigraphy of Dago Volcano is composed of two eruption centers and a flank eruption forming lava and cinder cones products. The mineralogical associations of Dago Volcano products include plagioclase, olivine, and clinopyroxene. The mineral textures of Dago edifices show zoning, sieve, and reaction rims textures. Geochemically, the Dago Volcano product has a magma affinity of med-K calc-alkaline with quite high levels of MgO, Ni, and Cr approaching the characteristics of primitive magma. The magma evolution process of Dago Volcano includes fractional crystallization and magma mixing which originates from the same magma source.
Characterization of Radioactive and Rare Earth Elements in Heavy Minerals from River Sediments in Marau Region, Ketapang, West Kalimantan Pratiwi, Fadiah; Rachael, Yoshi; Widodo, Widodo; Fauzi, Rachman; Madyaningarum, Nunik; Adimedha, Tyto Baskara; Indrastomo, Frederikus Dian; Sukadana, I Gde
EKSPLORIUM Vol 45, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2024.6971

Abstract

Alluvium deposits from the Kendawangan River located in Marau, Ketapang, West Kalimantan have been known for their radioactive and rare earth mineral potential. In this paper, heavy minerals taken from alluvium deposits will be characterized to determine the elemental distribution of uranium, thorium, and rare earth elements in each mineral and their mineralogical composition. The samples are taken by panning and prepared using the flotation method to obtain heavy mineral concentrates. Geochemical analysis was carried out using a Bruker M4 Tornado plus Micro-XRF and continued with mineralogical analysis using AMICS (Advanced Mineral Identification and Characterization System) software. It was found that the distribution of heavy minerals from the sand samples was dominated by manganoan ilmenite, ilmenite, rutile, zircon, magnetite, and monazite, as well as thorite, cassiterite, xenotime, allanite, and other minerals in small quantities. Uranium, thorium, and rare earth elements are found in monazite, thorite, xenotime, zircon, and allanite.
Separation of Thorium (Th) from Monazite Sand of Bangka Island using Primene JMT Solvent Extraction Method Claudia, Dita; Fabiani, Verry Andre; Nurhadini, Nurhadini; Prassanti, Riesna
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6480

Abstract

Thorium is an essential element as an alternative nuclear fuel to replace uranium. Thorium is found in the mineral monazite, which is a by-product of the alluvial tin mining process. Many methods have been used to extract and separate thorium from uranium and REEs from monazite, one of which is the organic solvent extraction method. In this research, the primene JMT, which is an extractant of primary amine compounds, was used in the method. The studied parameters are feed pH, JMT primene concentration, and stirring speed. The results show that the optimum conditions for Th extraction in monazite using solvent extraction method primene JMT were obtained at pH 0.5, extractant concentration of 2%, and stirring speed of 300 rpm with Th recovery of 94.05% while U and REE were not extracted.
Cover and Table of Content Eksplorium, Editor
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstract

Cover and Table of Content for Eksplorium Volume 44 No. 2 November 2023 Edition.
Characteristics of Nitrate Pollution in Shallow Groundwater on the South Slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Adi, Restu Dwi Cahyo; Wilopo, Wahyu; Setiawan, Hendy
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6876

Abstract

Groundwater is the primary clean water source for most Indonesian society. The increasing use of groundwater is inevitable due to the rapid development in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta. Shallow aquifers are vulnerable to contamination due to anthropogenic influences. Therefore, this research aims to determine shallow groundwater's physicochemical and chemical characteristics on the southern slope of Mount Merapi, specifically focusing on nitrate and chloride concentrations in groundwater. This research collected monthly data from eighteen dug wells or springs and rainfall data in the study area during the rainy and dry seasons from August 2022 to January 2023. The analyzing sample used argentometry to determine chloride concentration and ultraviolet spectrophotometric to determine nitrate concentration in Yogyakarta Environmental Health and Disease Control Technical Center (BBTKLPP) laboratory. The physicochemical parameters were tested directly in the field using Hanna instruments. The results indicate that a significant portion of shallow groundwater has high nitrate concentrations, corresponding to the growing settlements in the research area. Furthermore, according to the comparison graph between nitrate and chloride, the nitrate source was indicated as anthropogenic. Fecal matter from sanitation practices using septic tanks will likely influence the nitrate increase.
Geology and Land Suitability Analysis for Final Processing Waste Site in Ambon Island Mailoa, Winardcova Vania Cerwyn; Kololu, Micky; Ulfa, Yuniarti; Puradimadja, Deni Juanda
EKSPLORIUM Vol 45, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2024.7042

Abstract

From 2017 to 2021, waste production in Ambon City increased from 200 tons/day to 297 tons/day, but the condition of the Toisapu landfill in Ambon did not support this. Toisapu landfill, which has been operating since 2007, is now in overload status and needs to be re-evaluated because it is on a slope of >20% and is located close to residential areas. This research aims to find an alternative replacement for the Toisapu landfill with the status of a Waste Processing and Final Processing Site that complies with Indonesian National Standards. This research uses an environmental geology approach based on Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE), which combines geological and non-geological parameters. The analysis results for each parameter are overlaid, given a value, and then totaled to produce the most feasible land. The results of this research show that the most suitable land is in Wakal with an area of 126,668 ha. The permeability of this location is low, with the groundwater being quite deep (>80 meters), so there is little chance of leachate seepage contaminating the groundwater. In contrast to the Toisapu landfill, Wakal has a slope of <20%, far from protected forests and where residents live.
Empirical Equation between Predominant Frequency and Sediment Thickness in Plampang, West Nusa Tenggara Iswanto, Eko Rudi; Riyanto, Theo Alvin; Suntoko, Hadi
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6918

Abstract

Soil characteristics mapping is one of the essential aspects in the development of a region. Soil characteristics such as the predominant frequency and thickness of the sediment layer are needed to ensure the capacity of soil against the load of an infrastructure construction. The existence of tectonic activity causes West Nusa Tenggara Province to be an area with high seismic activity. Along with the plan to accelerate the development of the Samota Area, seismic studies are one of the aspects that determine project feasibility. The predominant frequency value from the results of microtremor measurements is used in the development of an empirical formula to predict soil thickness in the Plampang area. The empirical formula from previous research is used as a conformity test of the empirical formula obtained. Empirical equations are then used to map variations in sediment thickness in the Plampang area, which are justified based on geological data. The results of the sediment thickness map based on the empirical formula for the Plampang area showed a good correlation with the predominant frequency and also showed a good correlation with the results of the formula that has been carried out by previous studies.
Geological Structure Identification Using GGMplus Satellite Gravity Data in The Area Surrounding Mount Tampomas Mazzaluna, Haidar Prida; Rustadi, Rustadi; Wibowo, Rahmat Catur
EKSPLORIUM Vol 45, No 1 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2024.6924

Abstract

Satellite gravity provides a new alternative in geological exploration with several advantages, such as low operational cost and large covering area. GGMplus satellite gravity data provide better accuracy for several applications such as lithology or fault identification. Satellite gravity provides a new alternative in geological exploration with several advantages, such as lower costs, broader area coverage, and easily accessible data. Mount Tampomas is one of the areas that has geothermal prospects and a mountain area that has many types of rock formations and faults. This research has been conducted using GGMplus satellite gravity data in the Mount Tampomas area to obtain the second vertical derivative (SVD) and identify the fault distribution in the area. The GGMplus Gravity Acceleration data was corrected and filtered to obtain SVD structures in the area. The structure in this area is dominantly trending northwest-southeast and west-east. The area around Mount Tampomas forms a structure in the form of a caldera. In addition, there are also structures trending north-south at coordinates 81500-82000 E. Some of these structures were overlaid with a geological map to see the suitability of the processed data with the geological conditions that have been studied. The comparison is done by overlaying the structure of the interpretation results and the contour of the value 0 from the Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) data so that we get four fault structures that correlate with the geological map, three calderas, and one lineament that correlates with the lineament map.
Prediction of Potential Acid Mine Drainage Formation in High Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit using Geochemical and Mineralogy Approaches Syaputra, Rizky; Kusuma, Ginting Jalu; Badhurahman, Abie
EKSPLORIUM Vol 44, No 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6652

Abstract

Identification of acid mine drainage (AMD) can be predicted using a geochemical and mineralogy characterization approach to identify rocks forming and neutralizing acids. Geochemical characterization using static and kinetic tests. The static test is the first step to determining the potential for acid formation in rocks by comparing the potential for forming and neutralizing acids, which are characterized by uncertain behavior that causes predictions to be inaccurate. Kinetic tests were carried out to predict the long-term acid-producing potential better. Furthermore, mineralogical characterization is needed to assess the importance of sample mineral content in predicting AMD. Tests were conducted on rock samples from high sulfidation epithermal (HSE) deposits in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The samples represent the different geological domain conditions found in HSE deposits. The main acid-producing components are pyrite and secondary minerals (alunite) capable of buffering acidity. The results showed a lower change in leachate pH (from day 30 to 180) and were accompanied by the release of species (high dissolved metals).