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INDONESIA
Jurnal Riset Gizi
Published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang
ISSN : 2338154X     EISSN : 26571145     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jrg
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 466 Documents
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Kandungan Gizi dan Organoleptik Formula Catfish Egg Roll sebagai Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Balita Wasting Graceshinta, Namira; Palupi, Fitria Dhenok; Aroni, Hasan
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12537

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Hasil survei SSGI tahun 2022, 1 dari 12 anak balita di Indonesia mengalami wasting dengan prevalensi 7,7%. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia telah membuat Petunjuk Teknis Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Berbahan Pangan Lokal untuk Balita dan Ibu Hamil untuk mengatasi masalah gizi. Formulasi catfish egg roll yang terdiri dari ikan lele, daging ayam, kentang, telur, tahu, dan wortel dengan proporsi ikan lele dan daging ayam sebagai pemberian makanan tambahan balita wasting yang sesuai dengan prinsip PMT balita pada Petunjuk Teknis PMT berbahan Pangan Lokal.Tujuan: Menganilisis mutu gizi, organoleptik, dan taraf perlakuan terbaik terhadap formula catfish egg roll sebagai pemberian makanan tambahan balita wasting.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian studi eksperimental dengan tiga taraf perlakuan yang rasio ikan lele dan daging ayam yaitu P0 (0:100), P1 (30:70), P2 (50:50), dan P3 (70:30). Mutu organoleptik menggunakan uji hedonik dengan panelis semi terlatih, kandungan gizi menggunakan perhitungan empiris, dan penentuan taraf perlakuan terbaik menggunakan indeks efektifitas.Hasil: Mutu organoleptik menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap rasa namun tidak signifikan terhadap warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Catfish eggroll dengan taraf perlakuan proporsi ikan lele dan daging ayam untuk PMT balita wasting telah memenuhi standar pemenuhan PMT balita. P1 (30:70) merupakan taraf perlakuan terbaik dengan nilai Nh tertinggi yaitu 0,953, berwarna kuning kecoklatan, beraroma gurih khas ayam, bertektur lembut, dan berasa gurih; mutu gizinya mengandung energi 211,2 Kkal, protein 8,73 g, lemak 10,00 g, dan karbohidrat 21,90 g.
Efek Suplementasi Probiotik terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Dewasa Overweight Sarbini, Dwi; Safitri, Arini Dewi; Pratiwi, Winda Wahyu
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12653

Abstract

Perubahan kebiasaan makan serta ketersediaan berbagai macam makanan tinggi energi membuat obesitas dan overweight  menjadi salah satu masalah serius. Prevalensi obesitas di Indonesia pada usia 18 tahun ke atas tergolong tinggi (23,4%) berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (2023). IMT membantu memantau status gizi pada dewasa gizi lebih dengan mudah. Gizi lebih ditandai dengan nilai IMT ≥25,0 kg/m2 untuk overweight dan ≥30,0 kg/m2 untuk obesitas. Orang dengan obesitas atau overweight memiliki rasio bakteri Firmicutes lebih banyak. Firmicutes meningkatkan penyimpanan energi di jaringan adiposa. Probiotik dapat memanipulasi mikrobiota usus untuk memulihkan ketidakseimbangan rasio bakteri Firmicutes sehingga dapat mengatasi gizi lebih. Untuk mengetahui efek suplementasi probiotik terhadap IMT dewasa gizi lebih. Menggunakan metode Literature Review terhadap 7 artikel desain penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) 10 tahun terakhir (2014-2024) dipilih dari Pubmed dan Google Scholar reputasi internasional (Q1-Q4) dan nasional (S1-S3). Kata kunci digunakan probiotics, obesity, BMI, body mass index,  probiotik, obesitas, IMT. Sebanyak 5 artikel (71.42%) menyatakan ada penurunan IMT yang signifikan pada dewasa gizi lebih setelah suplementasi probiotik. Suplementasi probiotik dapat memberikan efek penurunan IMT signifikan pada penderita gizi lebih diimbangi dengan dosis 107 hingga 109  dan durasi pemberian 9-12 minggu atau jenis probiotik lebih dari satu.
Kualitas Diet Ibu Hamil Anemia dan Non Anemia Kusumawati, Dewi; Khoirunnisa, Rissa; Muhlishoh, Arwin
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12666

Abstract

Background: The incidence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is still relatively high which has an impact on mothers and babies born. One of the causes of anemia in pregnancy is the inappropriate quantity and quality of diet.Objectives: This study aims to determine differences in the quality of the diet of anemic and non-anemic pregnant women.Methods: Observational study with a case control design. The sample population taken in this study were pregnant women with as many as 80 people. The number of samples was 54 pregnant women divided into 27 anemia groups and 27 non-anemic groups using purposive sampling technique. The time of research was September 2022 – February 2023. The instrument in this study was the Semi Quantitative-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), the Diet Quality Index (DQI) form. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney test. Results: The study showed that the average score for quality of diet in the anemic group was 52.18% (low), in the non-anemic group it was 65.48% (good). There were differences in the components of variation in the two groups (p=0.015). There were differences in the adequacy and moderation components in the two groups (p=0.000). There was no difference in the overall balance component in the two groups (p=1.000). There was a difference in the score of the quality of the diet for the anemic and non-anemic groups (p=0.000).Conclusions: There are differences in the quality of the diet of pregnant women in the anemic and non-anemic groups. In anemic pregnant women, the quality of the diet is lower than in non-anemic pregnant women. Pregnant women are expected to improve the quality of the diet consumed in order to achieve optimal health.
Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi Makro dengan Tingkat Kegemukan pada Wanita yang Menggunakan Kontrasepsi Hormonal Octavia, Zana Fitriana; Azzhira, Nisrina Claudy
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12704

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Permasalahan gizi yang banyak terjadi pada wanita usia subur adalah malnutrisi. Kejadian obesitas dapat disebabkan oleh asupan zat gizi makro yang berlebihan. Penggunaan kontasepsi hormonal pada wanita usia subur dalam jangka panjang memiliki efek samping obesitas.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi makro dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonalMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross- sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 59 orang wanita usia subur berusia 30-35 tahun yang memiliki berat badan lebih dan mengggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal secara rutin. Tingkat kecukupan zat gizi makro diketahui melalui metode recall dan tingkat kegemukan dengan mengukur indeks massa tubuh. Perbedaan rerata antar kelompok dilakukan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hubungan antar variabel diketahui melalui uji Sommers d’.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan rerata persentase kecukupan zat gizi makro antara kelompok overweight dan obesitas (p<0,05). Tingkat kecukupan karbohidrat berhubungan dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal (0,006) dan Tingkat kecukupan lemak berhubungan dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal (0,013). Tingkat kecukupan protein tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal (0,167).Kesimpulan: Tingkat kecukupan karbohidrat dan lemak berhubungan dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi oral. Sedangkan tingkat kecukupan protein tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat kegemukan pada wanita yang menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal
Faktor Risiko Gizi Lebih Pada Dewasa Muda : Konsumsi Minuman Manis Dan Perilaku Sedentari Setyaningsih, Aryanti
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12941

Abstract

Background: The incidence of overnutrition in adults over 18 years old, based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, is 14.4% overweight and 23.4% obese. Overnutrition in Indonesia is estimated to continue to increase. Factors that influence overnutrition are unhealthy eating habits and low physical activity. This study aims to analyze the incidence of overnutrition and is caused by the consumption of sweet drinks and sedentary lifestyle on the incidence of overnutrition in the young adult age group in Ungaran. Method: The research was conducted from January to March 2024 in Ungaran with an observational design and cross-sectional approach. This research involved 104 respondents who were selected using proportional random sampling, with the inclusion criteria being between 18-25 years old and willing to be respondents. The exclusion criteria include individuals who are sick, have an infectious or chronic disease, or were hospitalized a week before data collection. Respondents' nutritional status data were obtained based on height and weight measurements, which were then categorized based on body mass index. Interviews were conducted to obtain data on the consumption of sweet drinks using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (SQ-FFQ), while interviews regarding sedentary behavior were conducted using the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ). Bivariate analysis used Kendall Tau analysis (α=0.05). Results: A total of 60 respondents (57.7%) experienced overnutrition. There were 57 respondents (54.8%) who consumed sweet drinks in the high category, and 82 (78.8%) respondents had sedentary behavior in the high category. Consumption of sweet drinks and sedentary behavior are related to overnutrition in young adults in Ungaran. (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Consumption of sweet drinks and sedentary behavior are risk factors for overnutrition among young adults in Ungaran.Keywords: overnutrition; sweet drinks; sedentary behavior; young adult
Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Besi, Asam Folat, dan Vitamin B12 dengan Anemia Remaja Putri Aulia, Novia Sari; Desti Ambar Wati; Lara Ayu Lestari; Abdullah
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i2.12470

Abstract

Background: Anemia happens when the body has too few red blood cells or low hemoglobin. It usually comes from not having enough iron. Not getting enough folic acid can also cause anemia because folic acid and vitamin B12 help make healthy red blood cells. Globally, the WHO identifies adolescent girls as a group at high risk of anemia, with prevalence rates in developing countries reported to range from 40–88%, and some studies suggest figures as high as 50–60% depending on regional conditions. In Indonesia, the 2023 Indonesian Child Health Survey (SKI) recorded an anemia prevalence of 15.5–18% among adolescents aged 15–24, although some regions still show much higher rates, reaching 40–50%. This data confirms that anemia in adolescent girls remains a priority health issue related to micronutrient adequacy. Objective: This research seeks to examine the association between the adequacy of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 intake and the occurrence of anemia in adolescent girls within the Rama Indra Community Health Center service area in 2024. Method: This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample included 80 adolescent girls, selected through stratified random sampling. The research was conducted from October 14 to December 17, 2024, at the selected schools. Data were collected through interviews using the SQ-FFQ to evaluate the adequacy of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 intake, while hemoglobin levels were measured using the Easytouch GCHb device. Kendall’s Tau-c test in SPSS was used to analyze correlations. Results: Most participants exhibited poor nutritional status, with deficiencies observed in iron (71.25%), folate (67.5%), and vitamin B12 (48,8%). Bivariate analysis revealed significant correlations between anemia and the adequacy of iron (p=0.000), folate (p=0.006), and vitamin B12 (p=0.024). Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between the adequacy of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 and the occurrence of anemia among adolescent girls in the Rama Indra Health Center’s service area.
Formulasi Nugget Ikan Tongkol dan Tempe Kedelai Sebagai Makanan Selingan untuk Pencegahan Anemia Mukaromah, Latifatul; Palupi, Fitria Dhenok; Setyobudi, Sugeng iwan
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i2.12532

Abstract

Background: Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls, with a prevalence reaching 42% in East Java. One of the prevention strategies is increasing the intake of foods rich in protein, iron, and vitamins that support hematopoiesis. Skipjack tuna, as a source of heme iron, and tempeh, a fermented soybean product high in iron, have the potential to be developed into nutritious snacks such as nuggets to increase acceptability and consumption among adolescents. Objective: This study aimed to determine the best formulation of skipjack tuna and soybean tempeh nuggets based on nutritional quality and sensory acceptability. Methods: This research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three skipjack tuna: tempeh ratios: P1 (100:30), P2 (100:50), and P3 (100:70). A hedonic test was conducted involving 25 semi-trained panelists. Data analysis used the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney post-hoc test. Nutrient composition was calculated using TKPI and Nutricheck. Results: The resulting nuggets were characterized by a slightly bitter taste, golden-yellow color, slightly beany aroma, and chewy texture. The nutritional content per 100 g ranged from 467.52–494.32 kcal energy, 16.80–19.57 g protein, 20.41–21.58 g fat, 55.59–57.39 g carbohydrates, and 3.34–3.87 mg iron. The best formulation was P1, with the highest total score (0.644), an iron content of 1.67 mg per serving, and the highest taste acceptability. Conclusion: The best formulated nuggets meet (P1) the recommended nutrient intake for adolescent girls aged 13–15 years, contributing approximately 10% of the daily requirement based on the 2019 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA).
Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Ultra Processed Food dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Remaja Putri Septiani, Alin; Hidayanti, Lilik; Listyawardhani, Yana
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i2.13033

Abstract

Background: Adolescent girls are the group most vulnerable to decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The habit of consuming ultra-processed foods is thought to be one of the factors contributing to low hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption patterns and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in adolescent girls. Methods: This study is an observational study using a cross-sectional design with 81 female students of SMP Negeri 2 Kota Tasikmalaya as subjects. The Hb level was measured using HemoCue® 201+. Pattern of UPF consumption (habits and amount of UPF consumption, as well as consumption of animal protein and heme iron from UPF) was measured using the SQ-FF. Data analysis used Spearman's Rank correlation and multiple linear regression modeling. Results: The mean Hb level of the subjects was 11.96 g/dL with an anemia incidence of 42%. The mean score of UPF consumption habits was 350. Statistical tests showed that UPF consumption habits (p=0.815), the amount of UPF consumption (p=0.906), animal protein consumption in UPF (p=0.743), and heme iron consumption in UPF (p=0.950) were not significantly related to hemoglobin levels. The results of multiple linear regression modeling showed that total animal protein consumption was the dominant factor related to subject Hb levels. Conclusion: The incidence of anemia among the subjects remains high. There is no significant relationship between UPF consumption and hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. However, the selection of UPF types still needs to be considered in the formulation of adolescent diets.
Hubungan Lemak Viseral dan Massa Otot dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Wati, Desti Ambar; Nuzila Meysa Rhasetia
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i2.13148

Abstract

Background: Visceral fat and skeletal muscle mass are important components in glucose metabolism regulation, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Visceral fat is aasociated with insulin resistance, while skeletal muscle serves as the primary site of glucose uptake after meals. Objective: To analyze the association between visceral fat and muscle mass with random blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2024 at the Kota Agung Primary Health Center, Tanggamus Regency, involving 58 T2DM patients selected through purposive sampling. Visceral fat and muscle mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and random blood glucose levels were assessed using a glucometer. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test. Result: A significant positive association was observed between visceral fat and random blood glucose levels (r = 0.387, p = 0.003). Conversely, a significant negative association was found between muscle mass and random blood glucose levels (r = –0.386, p = 0.003). Female patients generally showed higher visceral fat, lower muscle mass, and higher random blood glucose levels than male patients. Conclusion: Visceral fat is positively associated, and skeletal muscle mass is negatively associated with random blood glucose levels in T2DM patients. These findings highlight the importance of body composition in glycemic control and suggest that interventions targeting visceral fat reduction and muscle mass preservation may be effective in managing T2DM.
Hubungan Kualitas Diet, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), Dan Kualitas Tidur dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Dewasa Asriyani, Anisa; Rose, Sophia; Bahriyatul Ma'rifah; Arwin Muhlishoh
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v13i2.13192

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Indonesia and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Low hemoglobin levels are a common negative prognostic factor in cancer patients, influenced by chemotherapy, nutritional status, and deficiencies in hemoglobin-forming nutrients. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between protein, iron, and vitamin C intake, nutritional status, and frequency of chemotherapy with hemoglobin levels in breast cancer patients, and to assess differences in the consumption of nutrient-rich food sources between patients with low and normal hemoglobin levels at Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied from 11 November to 6 December 2024 involving 90 purposively selected respondents. Data were collected through interviews using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Correlation analyses were performed using Pearson and Spearman tests, while differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. Results: Most respondents were in early elderly age (45–59 years). A significant and strong correlation was found between protein, iron, and vitamin C intake and hemoglobin levels (p=0.0001), while nutritional status (p=0.090) and frequency of chemotherapy (p=0.222) were not significantly associated with hemoglobin levels. Significant differences were found in the consumption of chicken (p=0.006), chicken liver (p=0.006), tempeh (p=0.046), spinach (p=0.010), guava (p=0.000), and papaya (p=0.032) between patients with low and normal hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: Indicating that protein, iron, and vitamin C intake were associated with hemoglobin levels, while nutritional status and chemotherapy frequency were not.

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