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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 509 Documents
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Dampak Pengendalian Hama Terpadu terhadap Pendaftaran dan Penggunaan Pestisida di Indonesia Kasumbogo Untung
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12206

Abstract

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) legally has been adopted as the principle of crop protection practices in Indonesia since 1992 through the release of Law No.12 /1992 on Crop Husbandry System and Government Regulation No.6/1995 on Crop Protection. Data was collected from the national registration authority and the national statistic agency for evaluating the impact of IPM policy to the registration and use of pesticides by farmers. The data showed that the number of registered pesticide formulations, and the production and distribution of pesticides have increased since 1989. The number of formulations reached the peak in 2002 with a total of 813. On the other hand, the production was most in 1996 (80,000 ton) and the highest use of pesticide by rice farmer occurred in 1991 (4,72 kg pesticide/ha). Most of present registered pesticide formulations are generic. The data indicated that nationally IPM has not been significantly altered the registration, distribution and uses of pesticides by farmers in Indonesia. Comprehensive and integrated efforts must be established and implemented seriously by all stakeholders to institutionalize and implement IPM.
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair dan Asap Cair dalam Pengendalian Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan Pyricularia grisea pada Padi Gogo Galur G136 Iqna Khayatina Rusli; Loekas Soesanto; Ruth Feti Rahayuniati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.17690

Abstract

Increment of upland rice production in Indonesia faces many problems mainly from kresek caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and blast caused by Pyricularia grisea. The use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and liquid smoke provides an alternative method to control the pathogen. This research aimed at knowing the potency of the leaf fertilizer applied to the soil and the liquid smoke to control the disease in G136 line’s rice and on the crop growth. Randomized Block Design was used with six treatments and replicated four times. The treatments were control without liquid smoke, control with 2% liquid smoke, using 2 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke, and using 4 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke. The variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, crop height, number of shoots, weight of 1,000 grains and rice production per hectare. The result of the research showed that treatment using the leaf LOF applied to the soil of 4 ml l-1 or 2 ml l-1, and combining with 2% liquid smoke was not able to suppress the kresek and blast development in G136 line. All treatment influenced the number of shoots and the crop height plants, but didn’t influence the weight of 1,000 grains and the rice production per hectare. INTISARIPeningkatan produksi padi gogo di Indonesia menemui banyak kendala di antaranya adalah penyakit kresek yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan penyakit blas yang disebabkan Pyricularia grisea. Penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC) dan asap cair merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam pengendalian patogen ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dan asap cair dalam menekan serangan penyebab penyakit pada padi gogo galur G136 serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan, yaitu kontrol tanpa asap cair, kontrol menggunakan asap cair 2%, 2 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%, 4 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%. Variabel yang diamati adalah masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot 1.000 bulir, dan produksi padi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dengan dosis 4ml/l dan 2 ml/l, serta asap cair 2% belum mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit kresek dan blas pada tanaman padi gogo galur G136. Perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi tanaman tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot 1.000 bulir dan produksi padi per hektar.
The Role of Extracellular Protein on the Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri Tri Joko; Siti Subandiyah; Susamto Somowiyarjo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 6, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12405

Abstract

A research on the pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri, the causal agent of citrus canker, has been carried out to study the growth characteristics of the pathogen on some media, physiological characteristics, and the role of extracellular protein on the bacterial pathogenicity. Extracellular protein of X. campestris pv. citri was extracted using ammonium sulfate precipitation. The extracted protein samples were electrophoresed on 10% polyacrilamide gel in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate at 15 mA/150 V for 1.5-2 hrs. Pathogenicity assay was conducted by infiltration of bacterial cell and extracellular protein suspension into citrus leaf tissues. The results showed that X. campestris pv. citri was able to grow well on all media. It possess specific protein with molecular weight of 25.71 KDa. Bacterial cell and extracellular protein of X. campestris pv. citri were able to produce typical symptoms of canker, while other closely related Xanthomonas campestris pathovars were only able to produce hypersensitive reaction on citrus leaves.
Distribusi Ruang Insektisida Heptaklor di Lahan Pertanian Kabupaten Bantul Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Sigit Yuli Jatmiko; Edhi Martono; Djoko Prajitno; Suratman Worosuprojo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11751

Abstract

Heptachlor (C10H5Cl7) was an organochlorine insecticide compound, which was considered POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) that is highly toxic to human. Since 2007 heptachlor insecticide was banned in Indonesia because of its chronic toxicity, persistency, bioaccumulative, and carcinogenic natures. But its illegal use is still rampant because its dark market availability, cheap price, and is effective in eradicating the pest. Furthermore, there is also lack of assertiveness of regulations and applicable laws. The objectives of the research were to identify pollution, pollution level, spatial distribution, and its correlation with soil chemicals properties, as well as the risks to health caused by heptachlor use. Research was conducted in 2010 by a survey on agricultural land in the regency of Bantul, Province of Yogyakarta Special Region on a 144 point grids. The tool used to determine heptachlor residue was GC-MS chromatography using Shimadzu GC-2014. The analysis showed that heptachlor was detected in soil, water and in agricultural products. Heptachlor residues were detected in 137 locations (95%) of 144 agricultural land sites, and the water residues on 11 sites exceeded the levels set according to levels of Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. Heptachlor residue levels in agricultural products (rice, corn, soybeans, green beans, peanuts, and shallot) exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) established by the ISO (7313:2008). Soil acidity (pH) has very significant effect on the process of dissipation (loss) of heptachlor (p <0.01) in the soil. Based on the rules of Cambardella distribution, it was discovered that heptachlor had spatial autocorrelation with nugget-sill ratio of 35.7%. Heptachlor polluted rice in 37 locations with hazard index values >1.
Perhitungan dan Penggunaan Parameter Pertumbuhan Serangga dalam Pengujian Senyawa Penghambat Pertumbuhan Serangga Agus Dana Permana
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12756

Abstract

Studies of the effect of allelochemicals or other insect growth regulator on the development of insect is difficult using parameter currently employed. By measuring the effect growth inhibiting of seed crude extract of soursop seed, (Annona muricata); neem seed, (Azadirachta indica); and leaf crude extract of Lantana, (Lantana camara) on the Heliothis armigera larvae, growth index (GI) and relative growth index (RGI) calculation are demonstrated in this paper.
Identifikasi Morfologi Beberapa Spesies Jamur Fusarium Ade Mahendra Sutejo; Achmadi Priyatmojo; Arif Wibowo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11870

Abstract

The research was conducted to study the morphological difference based on macroscopic and microscopic appearance of several Fusarium spp. Fusarium spp. isolates were propagated onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) by using single-spore method. All isolates were observed macroscopically and microscopically to determine colony appearance, colony growth diameter and formation of macroconidia, microconidia and conidiophores. The results showed that colony appearance of all isolates was similar. Therefore they could not clearly be differentiated by one to another. On the other hand, microscopic observation showed that there was different conidiophore morphology of F. oxysporum and other Fusarium spp. Microscopic morphology among F. oxysporum isolates were difficult to differentiate. Microconidia were produced in false-head which was the characteristic feature of most F. oxysporum. In conclusion, microscopic morphology observation could only be able to differentiate Fusarium spp. isolates at species level, but not to formae speciales.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Feromon Seks terhadap Serangga Hama Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12966

Abstract

Pheromones are chemical substances used by insects to communicate within their species. Our understanding about pheromones' chemistry, their functions and their overall performances over insect behavior provide us with wealth of information that lead to their use for insect pest control. The use of insect pheromones, particularly sex attractants, is quite advanced, but little information is available about Indonesian indigenous harmful insects' pheromones. More research and investigations need to be done to obtain target-specific substances rather than simply utilize imported products. Their implementation into Integrated Pest Management using farmers-oriented technology should be considered.
Preferensi Parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea spp. yang Memarasit Telur Penggerek Buah Merah Jambu Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera; Gelechiidae) terhadap Beberapa Inang Dwi Adi Sunarto; Nurindah Nurindah; Sujak Sujak
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12114

Abstract

Pink bollwonn Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the key pests of cotton. Exploration of its egg parasitoids in East Java, yields Trichogrammatoidea spp. The research objective are to study host acceptance of the parasitoids to several levels of host age and host species for a consideration of selection in using the parasitoids as candidates of biocontrol agent of pink bollworm. The study was carried out in Biocontrol Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) from April to December 2002 with laboratory condition (T: 25 - 27°C; RH: 65-70%). The treatments consist of combinations of the parasitoid origin (Trichogrammatoidea sp A and Trichogrammatoidea sp L); host species (eggs of Corcyra cephalonica, P. gossypiella, and Helicoverpa armigera) and host ages (1, 2 and 3 days). The number of replicates is 10. Preference level was assessed by using continuous observation method. Trichogrammatoidea sp A is most preferred to P. gossypiella eggs, significantly different with that of C. cephalonica and H. armigera eggs. Host preference of Trichogrammatoidea sp L to P. gossypiella and C. cephalonica eggs is not significantly different and higher than that of H. armigera eggs. Both parasitoid species have no different preference to P. gossypiella and H. armigera eggs, however, Trichogrammatoidea sp L has a higher preference to C. cephalonica eggs than Trichogrammatoidea sp A. Host preference of both species was not affected by the age of all three species of host eggs.
Peranan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai Muhammad Imron; Suryanti Suryanti; Sri Sulandari
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.17251

Abstract

Pepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by Begomovirus is a very important disease in chili plantation. The use of pesticides to control this disease has not yielded satisfactory results, so this study aimed to use arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF), to control curly leaf yellow disease of chili peppers. Pepper seeds were inoculated with AMF, i.e., T0 = seeds without AMF inoculation, T1 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at nursery, T2 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at transplanting, and T3 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at nursery and transplanting. Parameters observed every week were disease intensity and infection rate of yellow leaf curl disease. Results indicated that inoculation of AMF could delay Begomovirus infections and symptoms emergence of pepper yellow leaf curl disease. INTISARIPenyakit daun keriting kuning cabai disebabkan Begomovirus merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada pertanaman cabai. Upaya pengendalian dengan menggunakan pestisida belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA) dalam mengendalikan penyakit daun keriting kuning pada cabai. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menginokulasi bibit cabai menggunakan JMA dengan perlakuan T0= bibit tanpa inokulasi JMA, T1= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan, T2= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai, dan T3= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan dan pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap satu minggu sekali dengan parameter pengamatan meliputi intensitas penyakit dan laju infeksi penyakit daun keriting kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemunculan gejala penyakit daun keriting kuning cabai pada bibit yang diinokulasi dengan JMA lebih lambat dibandingkan bibit yang tidak diinokulasi dengan JMA.
IPM Technology and Its Incentives to Rice Farmers in Yogyakarta Province Irham Irham
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12363

Abstract

Negative externality impacts on environment and human health are the consequences of continuous and heavy use of chemical pesticides. It has also brought about adverse effects towards agricultural production since it was found that only 1 % of the inputs was absorbed by the plants, while the rest was left to the environment as poisonous waste. Realizing such serious problems the Indonesian government waived subsidy for chemical pesticides in 1989 and at the same time Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program was introduced. To see the superiority of IPM technology it is important to evaluate the program in two ways: (l) evaluating whether the IPM technology has successfully reduced the use of chemical pesticides, and (2) what incentives the IPM technology provides to the farmers in coping with the risk of crop loss due to the pest damage. The study found the IPM technology successfully reduced the application of chemical pesticides in Yogyakarta province without sacrificing the level of rice output for the farmers. The study concludes that IPM technology provides incentives to the farmers in the form of lower pest damage, lower crop loss, and better yield so that the farmers are willing to adopt this technology in their rice farming.

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