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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
ISSN : 23389427     EISSN : 23389486     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 706 Documents
ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL DISTILLED FROM ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Piper betle L. LEAVES COLLECTED FROM SEVERAL REGION IN YOGYAKARTA, AGAINTS Candida albicans Triana Hertiani; Indah Purwantini
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 13 No 4, 2002
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (66.002 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp193-199

Abstract

Anti-fungal activity of essential oil distilled from exctracts of Piper betle leaves against Candida albicans and the gas chromatography profiles has been studied. The leaves were collected from Kaliurang, Kulonprogo, and Gunung Kidul. This research was aimed to find out the influences of extract production process and the difference of starting material source regions to anti-fungi activities against Candida albicans. The gas chromatographic profile of essential oils distilled from sirih (Piper betle L.) extracts were also observed. The essential oils used in this research was collected from ethanol 95% extract of sirih dried leaves by distillation method. Anti-fungi activity was assayed using Sabaroud agar-diffusion method. The results showed that the essential oil from Kulonprogo has the highest activity. The gas chromatographic profile of each essential oil had been examined individually and the results showed that the composition of substances containing in each extracts were different. The study comparison of essential oils composition of Piper betle L. fresh herbs showed that the extraction method reduced the anti-candida potency of Piper betle L. leaves extract. The habitat of the starting materials influences the gas chromatographic profile of the essential oil.Key words: Piper betle Leaves Extract; anti-fungi, chromatographic profiles
The profile of propanolol HCl release from sustained release tablet with floating system used matrix Methocel K15M T. N. Saifullah; Yandi Syukri; Rini Utami
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 18 No 1, 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (455.203 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp48-55

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the profile of propanolol HCl release from sustained release tablet with a floating system using matrix Methocel K15M. Citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were used as gasgenerating agents. Tablets were made by wet granulation method in four formulations based on the variation concentration of Methocel K15M. The concentrations were 90 mg/tablet (F1), 105 mg/tablet (F2), 120 mg/tablet (F3) and 135 mg/tablet (F4) respectively. The produced tablets were tested for physical characteristics such as uniformity of weight, tablet hardness, drug concentration, floating test and the dissolution. In the dissolution testing used Becker method in HCl pH 3.0 as medium dissolution at 37±0.50 C; with a speed 50 rpm during five hours. The results of dissolution showed that the release profile of propanolol HCl following zero order kinetic that showed amount of propanolol HCl were released linear with time. Mechanisms of propanolol HCl release were combination of diffusion and erosion, however diffusion more dominant. Rate of release (k value) of drugs were 0.174 %/minute (FI); 0.101 %/minute (FII); 0.105 %/minute (FIII); and 0.108 %/minute (FIV).Key words: Propanolol HCl, Floating, Methocel K15M
Development of fast disintegrating tablet formula of ketoprofen-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes Rachmawati, Heni; Marbun, Estherina Juliana; Pamudji, Jessie S.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 22 No 3, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (261.281 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp229-237

Abstract

Ketoprofen  is  one  of  non  steroidal  anti  inflammatory  drugs  (NSAID)  used for  rheumatoid  arthritis.  However,  unpleasant  taste of  ketoprofen  leads  to difficulty  in  the  formulation,  in  particular  for  oral  route.  Therefore,  in  present study, a technique to mask the unacceptable taste of ketoprofen was developed. Then,  a  fast  disintegrating  tablet  on  this  inclusion  complex  was  established  for rapid  release  and  faster  analgesic  effect  of  ketoprofen.  Taste  masking  was prepared  by  complex  inclusion  with  β-cyclodextrin.  The  ratio  of  ketoprofen  and β-cyclodextrin  was  varied.  The  fast  disintegrating  tablet  was  formulated  with direct compression using various ratios of mannitoland lactose as tablet diluent, the main factor influencing the successful of fast disintegrating tablet. Evaluation of  final  product  was  performed  according  to  compendial  standard  and  specific requirements  for  fast  disintegrating  tablet.  The  best  ratio  from  ketoprofen  and β-cyclodextrin  was  2:3  with  concentration  of  ketoprofen  in  inclusion  complex was  40.32%.  The  tablet  met  standard  requirement  was resulted  with  the composition  of  ketoprofen-cyclodextrin  equivalent  to  50  mg  of  pure  ketoprofen and mannitol and lactose (ratio 1:1) as tablet diluent. Fast disintegrating tablet of  modified  ketoprofen  in  inclusion  complex  was  fulfilled  standard  specification for ketoprofen tablet with better acceptance.Key words:ketoprofen, inclusion complex, fast disintegratingtablet, beta cyclodextrin.
The effect of cauli flower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) to the change of : cholesterol, MDA level of rats hiperlipide Endang Sri Sunarsih; M. Caecilia Nanny S.; Nita Fajaryanti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 1, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.885 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp35-41

Abstract

The unbalance of oxidant and antioxidant can effect of various diseases, for example atherosclerosis. High total cholesterol level was given the risk factor to atherosclerosis. This research aims to know the effect of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) juice to change of total cholesterol level and peroxide of lipid (MDA level). A twenty white rats Wistar strain were treated as hiperkolesterolemia with consumed a high fat meal for 14 days, then devided in to 4 groups. Group I as positive control was given a green tea leaf infuse through a dosage 0,605 g/ kg BW, group II as negative control was given an aquadestilata. Then Group III and IV as were given cauliflower juice through a dosage 15 mL/ kg BW and 20 mL/ kg BW for 14 days. The result of this research were concluded that cauliflower juice through a dosage 15 mL/ kg BW and 20 mL/ kg BW was decreased of total cholesterol level and lipid peroxide (MDA level). Cauliflower juice through a dosage 20 mL/kg BW was found as an effective dosage to decreased of total cholesterol level and lipid peroxide (MDA level) of male white rats Wistar strain with high fat diet treatment.Key words : Juice, cauliflower, total cholesterol, peroxide of lipid, MDA.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAVUDINE ENTRAPPED LIPOSPHERES Ranjita Shegokar; Kamalinder Singh
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 4, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (568.785 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm23iss4pp231-237

Abstract

Lipospheres  of  stavudine  were  prepared  by  melt  dispersion technique  using  trimyristin,  tripalmitin and  triastearin,  stearic acid, Compritol®  888  ATO  and  Precirol®  ATO  5  as  lipid  matrix  in  the various  drug-lipid  ratios.  Drug  entrapped  free  flowing  solid lipospheres  of  triglycerides  and  glyceryl  behenate  were characterized  for  surface  morphology,  particle  size  distribution, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitrorelease behavior. The effect of drug lipid ratio, the surfactant used, concentration of stabilizer, and stirring  speed  were  identified  as  the  key  variables  affecting  the formation  of  discrete  spherical  lipospheres  and  sustained  drug release  rate.  The  lipospheres  production  conditions  were  optimized by using 2% w/w sodium cholate and 1% Plural oleic as a stabilizer. The  concentration  of  lipid  used  had  pronounced  effect  on  particle size of the lipospheres. The incorporation efficiency was found to be in range of 30  to  50%. Increase  in concentration of surfactant and stirring  speed  produced  fine  spherical,  smooth,  and  round lipospheres.  All  the  prepared  lipospheres  exhibited  slow  release profiles dictating the Higuchi mode of release.Key  words: Lipospheres,  stavudine,  lipid  matrix,  hydrophilic  surfactant, drug release
Feasibility of transdermal transport of atenolol by combination of iontophoresis and oleic acid pretreatment Akhmad Kharis Nugroho; Arief Rahman Hakim; Marlyn Dian Laksitorini; Fajar Rakhmatullah; Eny Masruriati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 1, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (400.814 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp65-72

Abstract

Atenolol  has  a  low  oral  bioavailability  and  a  short  elimination  half-life. Therefore,  alternative  route  and  delivery  system  is  important.  Transdermal iontophoresis,  i.e.  a  systemic  drug  delivery  via  the  skin,  implementing  a  low intensity  of  electrical  current,  is  one  attractive  candidate.  This  study  evalu ated feasibility  of  atenolol  transdermal  transport  when  iontophoresis  is  applied  after enhancer  pretreatment.  There  were  4  formulas  prepared;  2  implemented iontophoresis  for  3  hours  (current  density:  0.25  mA/cm2)  while  the  others  did not  use  iontophoresis.  The  enhancer  was  oleic  acid  (5  or  10%  as  a  mixture  in propylene  glycol)  with  duration  of  pretreatment  of  one  hour.  Transport  was evaluated  in  the  diffusion  studies  across  the  fresh  rat  skin  in  a  static-vertical diffusion system. Data were analyzed based on the numeric convolution method to  obtain  simulated  Cp  profiles  as  well  as  AUC  of  Cp  profiles.  Based  on  the simulated Cp, the best transport was achieved in Formula 3, where iontophoresis is  performed  across  the  skin,  pretreated  with  5%  oleic  acid  for  one   hour.  The value  of  simulated  Cp  indicated  achievement  of  therapeutics  level  of  atenolol, suggesting the feasibility of the atenolol delivery by iontophoresis.Key words : atenolol, transdermal, iontophoresis, enhancer
8-Methoxycapnolactone and stigmasterol From Micromelum minutum Ratna Asmah Susidarti; Marwadi Rahmani; Abdul Manaf Ali; M. Aspollah Sukari; Hazar B.M. Ismail; Julius Kulip; Peter G. Waterman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 18 No 2, 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (152.688 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp105-109

Abstract

The coumarin, 8-methoxycapnolactone and stigmasterol were isolated from the leaves of Micromelum minutum (Rutaceae) which collected from Sepilok, Sabah, Malaysia and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods.Key words: Micromelum minutum; Coumarin; 8-Methoxycapnolactone, Stigmasterol
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and fraction of leaves of singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) against resistant bacteria Mulyani, Yani; Sukandar, Elin Yulinah; Adnyana, I Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.342 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp293-29

Abstract

One  of the plants  that grow  in Indonesia,  and  still does  not  use widely  is singawalang  (Petiveria  alliaceae)  from  Phytolaceae  family.  Traditional   herbal medicine  preparations  contained  of  Petiveria  alliacea  in  the  Caribbean,  Latin America,  West  Africa  and  other  regions  for  hundreds  years  has  been  used  to treat  pain,  colds,  inflammation,  tumor,  bacterial  and  fungal   infection,hyperlipidemia,  diabetes and  other  diseases.  This  study  aims to determine  the antibacterial  activity  of  singawalang  growth  in  Indonesia  against  resistant bacteria  to  antibiotics.  The  minimum  inhibitory  concentration   (MIC)  and minimum  bactericidal  concentration(MBC)  were  determined  by  microdilution broth method and type of antibacterial action were determined by observing the profile of bacterial growth curve. Ethanol extract of dried leaves showed activity against bacteria i.e. MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus), MRCNS (Methicillin-Resistant  Coagulase-Negative  Staphylococci),  VRE  (VancomycinResistant  Enterococcus).   Further  studies  conducted  by  reviewing  the  type  of work  by  looking  at the  growth curve  and  the observed changes  in cell walls by scanning  electron  microscopy  (SEM)  at  MRCNS  (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus  coagulase-Negative).  The  results  showed  that  ethanol  extracts and  all  fractions  showed  good  antibacterial  activity  against  resistant  bacteria, are  bacteriostatic  hexane  fraction  until  the  concentration  of  8  MIC  and  change the morphology of the cell wall of MRCNS.Key words:Singawalang, Antibacteria, Broth Microdilution, bacterial growth curve, SEM 
IDENTIFICATION OF THE VIRUS DENGUE–3 EPITOPE’S IMMUNODOMINAN USING THE SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE Nirwati, Hera; ., Sutaryo; Wahyono, Djoko
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 13 No 1, 2002
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (180.512 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp26-33

Abstract

Dengue virus infection has been known as an important health problem in many tropical countries, because of increasing number of patients, expansion of epidemic areas and emergence of severe clinical manifestations. Dengue virus consists of 3 structural and 7 nonstructural proteins. The major virion surface protein, the envelope protein, is the most important antigen with regards to virus biology and humoral immunity. Synthetic peptide derived from the envelope protein gene sequence can be used to identify region of the envelope protein that elicits antibodies. One hundred and sixty-one synthetic peptides were synthesized based on sequence of protein envelope dengue-3 virus published by Osatomi and Sumiyoshi. Each peptide consists of 15 amino acids with the last 12 amino acids overlapped. Peptide synthesizer, auto-spot robot ASP 222 (Abimed), was used for synthesis using solid spot method developed by Ronald Frank. Synthetic peptides attached to nitrocellulose membrane were used for spot immunoassay of 6 normal human sera, 6 dengue infected human sera and  6 non dengue-infected. Nine peptides were specific for dengue infected sera and these might be candidate immunodominat epitopes of dengue virus-3. They were EGLSGATWVDVVLEH (amino acids number 13-27), VCKHTYVDRGWGNGC (91-105),SIEGKVVQHENLKYT (124-138), TVHTGDQHQVGNETQ (142-156), TLGLECSPPTGLDFN (178-192), KGEDAPCKIPFSTED (325-339), PFSTEDGQGKAHNGR (334-348), GARRMAILGDTAWDF (406-420) and KIGIGVLLTWIGLNS (454-468). Based on spot immunoassay, 11 peptides were synthesized and used them for ELISA of 15 normal sera, 22 non-dengue infected sera and 37 dengue sera. Peptides BTLDDIELQKTEATQLA, BPFSTEDGOGKAHNGR and BKKEEPV NIEAEPPFG showed significantly different in their reactivities to the three groups. Combinations of two peptides were used for ELISA. Only one of them (BKGEDAPOKIPFSPED and BRMAILGD TAWDFGSV) showed significantly different in their reactivi- ties to the three groupsKey words: synthetic peptide, envelope protein dengue-3, spot immunoassay
Prevalence and control of hypertension among diabetes patients in hospital universiti sains malaysia, malaysia Salwa Selim Ibrahim; Ayman Selim I. Bougalambou; Fita Rahmawati; Mohamed Azmi Hassali; Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 2, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.715 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp121-128

Abstract

Hypertension  in  patients  with  type  2  diabetes  mellitus  is  a  prevalent condition that leads to substantial morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was  to  determine  the  prevalence  of  hypertension  in  type  2  diabetes  attending endocrinology  clinics  at  Hospital  Universiti  Sains  Malaysia  (HUSM),  to  describe antihypertensive  treatment  patterns,  and  to  evaluate  the  target  of  blood pressure  achieved  by  antihypertensive  agents.  The  study  was  a  prospective follow-up  descriptive  study.  Study  conducted  at  diabetic  clinic  outpatient  at HUSM,  Kelantan,  Malaysia  from  January  to  December  2007.  A  total  of  1077 diabetic patients involve in this study. The findings of our study showed that the majority patients type 2 diabetes mellitus 998 (92.7 %) had hypertension. For the  patients  who  were  on  antihypertensive  medications,  254  (23.6  %)  of  them were  on  monotherapy  and  311  (28.9  %),  179  (16.6  %), and  198  (18.4  %) respectively  received  two,  three  and  more  than  three  antihypertensive  agents. The majority of patients 872 (87.4 %) were on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive  drugs.   A  number  of  601  (55.8  %)  patients  achieved  blood pressure  targets  ≤  130/80  mm  Hg.   Almost  all  patients  with  hypertension  anddiabetes will require a combination of antihypertensive medications. A number of patients was not achieved blood pressure goals ≤ 130/80 mm Hg. There is still need  to  educate  both  patients  and  health  care  providers  of  importance  of achieving target of blood pressure in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus patients.Key words: Hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension treatment

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