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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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Ethno-Edible Mushroom of Pleurotus sp., Clytocybe nebularis and Auricularia auricula in Ranupani Village, East Java Jehan Ramdani Haryati; Rodiyati Azrianingsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

This paper documented the knowledge about the wild edible fungal flora of Ranupani Village of East Java Indonesia that used by indigenous Tenggerese tribes. Study was conducted by using semi-structured interview and purposive sampling. Data were analyzed quantitatively descriptive. Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) was used to evaluate the importance of non-wood forest yields for local people. Identification of edible mushrooms was based on Guidelines of Flora Diversity Data Collection. This study was focus on the three edible mushrooms which are eaten mostly by the villagers, i.e. Pleurotus sp., Clytocybe nebularis and Auricularia auricula. The result is the Ranupani residents perception of edible mushrooms and its potential as an alternative source of food based on local knowledge and local wisdom of Tenggerese. Pleurotus sp. has the highest preference and intensity to be consumed with 3,2 ICS. It means culturally, this edible mushroom were not too important but intensively used as a secondary food sources such as soup (added or sauted), chips (dried) and fried. Ranupani Villagers always consumed edible mushrooms in rainy season. The ability of residents to distinguish edible mushrooms are equal to the searching ability to find edible mushroom substrate. The residents will recognized the substrate of edible mushrooms on dead trunks of Pasang Tree (Lithocarpus sundaicus), Danglu (Engelhardia spicata), Kemlandingan (Albizia Montana), Casuarina (Casuarina junghuhniana) and acacia (Acacia decurens). Residents who do not have the ability to distinguish and searching were consumer, get the edible mushrooms by buying from the searcher or distributor in packs. The characteristics of an edible mushrooms are a discrete soft flesh of the fruit body, dark color, no ring on the stipe, the presence of insects (e.g. moths) in the lamellae) and the type of mushroom substrate. There were also assisted growths of wild mushrooms by the residents’ raw chop the dead tree trunk as a substrate deliberately. Respondents who knew the time of harvesting edible mushroom were 58.3%. Pasang mushrooms (natural & assisted growth) can be found throughout the rainy season, with an interval of 12 days for subsequent retrieval. While Barat and Kuping mushrooms are found throughout the rainy season, but randomly distributed in the forest. There were unwritten but spoken hereditary local wisdom for the sustainable of the edible mushrooms in Tengger. Only Tenggerese allowed collecting and selling the edible mushrooms in Tengger area to the Tenggerese themselves and tourist (local or foreign). This wisdom is supported by TNBTS regulation that the edible mushroom were not allowed exported out of TNBTS area. This wisdom expectedly makes sure that the edible mushrooms should be sustained in the forest. Keywords:Ethno-edible mushrooms, Ranupani
Effect of Varieties and Plant Population Densities on Dry Matter Production, Radiation Interception and Radiation Energy Conversion in Peanut agus suprapto; Yogi Sugito; S M Sitompul; Sudaryono Sudaryono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2012)
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The solar radiation is one of the major criteria to obtaining advantages on peanuts (Arachishypogaea L.). Although various combinations of crops have been reported, but variety association and plant population densities (PPD) during the periodically stage of growth on peanuts have yet to be analyzed. Dry matter production (DM), radiation energy interception, and radiation energy conversions were monitored over the growth period of two varieties of peanut. An experiment was conducted in Jambegede Research Farm, Indonesian Legume and  Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, from July until October 2011. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with three replications. Peanut varieties, as the main plot consisted of two treatments: Kelinci and Kancil variety. In addition, five PPD variations as sub plot consisted of 8.1, 11.1, 16.0, 25.0 and 44.4 plant m-2 were arranged in a square spacing. The results showed that DM production  from high PPD increased gradually to lower PPD in all varieties. Interception efficiency (IE) increased in all varieties from early sowing. A plant population density of 25.0 m-2 and 44.4 plants m-2 intercepted more radiation over 11.1 or 16.0 plants m-2. Conversion efficiency of radiation energy (CE) to total dry matter production on Kelinci variety (1.52%) indicated  a  slight higher percentage than on Kancil variety (1.41%). Moreover, the CE and IE values indicated a decrease  as the PPD  increased on maximum DM.
The Growth of Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Quail Intestine on Rice Bran Medium Umi Kalsum; O. Sjofjan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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The objective of this study was to investigate the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from the intestine of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) on medium variation of rice bran meal. The influence of this medium preparation on the cell number and produce of lactic acid of L.fermentum was evaluated every six hour in 36-hour incubation. A randomized block design was used to assign three variation of rice bran medium (6, 9 and 12) %. The result showed that the higest cell number was in 9 % rice bran medium at pH 4.7 at 12th hour was 5.2 x 1010 CFU/ml and the highest lactic acid concentrations were 0.57 %. The fastest speed of growth in 9 % rice bran medium was 0.92 generation/hour and generation time 45 minutes. In conclusion, the optimum growth of L.fermentum was in 9 % rice bran medium at 12th hour.Keywords: Lactobacillus fermentum, growth, quail, rice bran.
Binding Inhibition Between Igf1r and Igf1 by Catechin of Black Tea Lina Firdausi; M Rasjad Indra; fatchiyah .
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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The natural compound of black tea is used as an alternative of obesity therapies in the world; particularly, the catechin family in tea leaves which has bioactive compounds such as EC, EGC and EGCG. Their bioactivity contributes to inhibit the ligand of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor (Igf-1r) binding-region to Igf-1 protein. To elucidate the inhibiton of Igf-1 expression and proliferating of Rattus norvegicus strain wistar adipose cell using black tea solution. The research used Rattus norvegicus strain wistar. After a 90-day treatment, the adipose tissues were picked up from the viscera of each experimental animal, and then the adipose tissues were embedded by paraffin. The paraffin sections were determined through immunohistochemistry with anti-Igf-1 antiserum, and were also analyzed through hematoxylin-eosin. A protein sequence of Igf-1, Igf-1r, and 3D structure of EC, EGC and EGCG from Gene Bank sites were used during in silico analysis. The sequences were aligned by BLAST program to identify the conserve and variable domain of IGF-1 protein isoforms. The 3D structures of IGF-1 and IGF-1R were constructed using Phyre program. The ligand among the 3D structures of IGF-1, IGF-1R and catechin compounds were analyzed using Hex 5.1 docking program. The data showed that the Igf-1 expression of adipose cells was reduced at 0,03 g/ml BTS and 0,045 g/ml BTS treatments. The result of BLAST analysis showed that IGF-1 (a, b, c, and d) isoforms conserved a domain from amino acid no 22 until 134; and this region was a variable region. The EGCG bound L1 domain of IGF-1R with E-total -235.3 KJ/mol which was lower than EC (-208,4 KJ/mol) and EGC (-142 KJ/mol). The total energy of IGF-1 (a, b, c, but not d isoform) which interacted with EGCG was around -223.7 KJ/mol, EC is -205.6 KJ/mol and EGC was -191.7 KJ/mol. However, EC, EGC and EGCG was only able to prevent the interaction between the L1 of IGF-1R with IGF-1 protein, but not the opposite.Keywords: Adipose cell, black-tea, proliferation, catechin, IGF-1, IGF-1R, inhibition, docking
BZLF1 Expression of EBV is correlated with PARP1 Regulation on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Tissues wahyu nur laili fajri; Ahmad Rofi'i; Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) is a cancer that arises in the epithelial tissue that covers the inside of the nasopharyngeal mucosa and nasopharynx. Infected Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) cell in a latent infection associated with the expression of nine latent proteins. Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) is one of latent proteins, and mayor EBV oncoprotein, with functions including virus growth, and to activate BamHI-Z Leftward Reading Frame 1 (BZLF1)-EBV, which can inhibit p53 to induce apoptotic resistance, metastasis, and immune modulation. The body will respond to the expansion of EBV infection with activation of Poly(ADP-ribose)Polymerase-1 (PARP1). The objective of study is to observe the expression of BZLF1 and determine PARP1 regulation in nasopharyngeal tissues. NPC-T2, NPC-T3 and polyp tissues slides are from Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin. To characterize the necrotic cells such as pyknosis, karyorrhexsis, and karyolysis, histological slides were stained by HE that the necrotic cells measured by using a BX-53 microscope (Olympus) with CellSens Standard software. Tissues slides were stained by using immunofluorohistochemistry with EBV-BZLF1 antibody-Mouse anti-EBV monoclonal antibody against Goat anti-mouse IgG-FITC and anti-PARP1 antibody (MC-10) against Goat anti-mouse IgG labeled Rhodamin. The expression intensities were measured by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (Olympus). The percentage number of necrotic cells and BZLF1 and PARP1 expression intensity were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 by one-way ANOVA test with α = 0.05, beside that we use correlate and regression analyze. The research showed that the amount of karryorhexis higher than pyknosis and karyolysis in both tissues. BZLF1 expression 1.79 INT/sel (in polyp), 2.76 INT/sel (NPC Type 2) and 4.36 INT/sel (NPC Type 3), PARP1 expression 2.25 INT/sel (in polyp), 3.31 INT/sel (NPC Type 2), dan 5.93 INT/sel (NPC Type 3).The high of intensity of expression BZLF1 induced the increasing of PARP1 expression, but not correlated with percentage of necrotic cell. Interestingly, in all tissues (NPC-T1, NPC-T2 and polyp) is increased number of karyolysis cells properly, but not in pyknosis and karryorrhexis cells. The conclusion of this study indicated that the BZLF1 induce PARP1 to repair DNA damage against EBV infection.Keywords: BZLF1, CLSM, EBV, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, PARP1.
The Increase of Arthropods Biodiversity in Paddy Field Ecosystem Managed by Using Integrated Pest Management at South Borneo Samharinto Samharinto; Abdul Latief Abadi; Bambang Tri Raharjo; Hakimah Halim
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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We have studied the arthropods biodiversity in two paddy field ecosystems, namely, paddy field ecosystem using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) system and non-IPM paddy field ecosystem. This study was conducted from April 2011 - November 2011 in three locations, that is, Pasar Kamis village and Sungai Rangas village in Banjar regency, and Guntung Payung village in Banjarbaru city, South Borneo Province. In this study, we used insect nets, yellow sticky traps, light trap and pitfall trap to get the sample or catch the arthropods in one period of planting season. The arthropods caught were then classified into some classes: pest (herbivore), natural enemy (parasitoid and predator), and other arthropods. After that, the Species Diversity Index was determined using its Shannon-Wiener Index (H), Evenness (e), Species Richness (R), and Species Similarity Index (IS). The sum of arthropods which have the characteristic of pest and parasitoid were higher in the IPM paddy fields than in the non-IPM paddy fields, and the sum of other arthropods were the same. The highest H and e values were in the IPM paddy field in Pasar Kamis village. The IS value for each three locations were 77.5% in Pasar Kamis village, 93.42% in Guntung Payung village, and 78.76% in Sungai Rangas village.Keywords: diversity, arthropods, ecosystem, and SLPHT
Growth Adaptation of Two Indonesian Black Rice Origin NTT Cultivating In Organic Paddy Field, Malang-East Java Budiman Budiman; Endang Arisoesiloningsih; Ratno Bagus Edi Wibowo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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This research is aimed to study the growth adaptation of two Indonesian black rice NTT in origin which is cultivating in organic paddy field in Malang - East Java and its problems during a planting period. A descriptive exploratory research was conducted in two organic rice fields in Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. Those fields were grown with two different varieties of black rice NTT in origin namely, Laka and Woja Laka. Each rice field was recorded periodically. The growth was including the plant height, biomass, density of tiller, panicle and spikes, dry seed weight and the problem correlated to pest and climates limitation. The results showed that Woja Laka and Laka black rice varieties slightly gave a different growth pattern. Laka variety was taller than Woja Laka, i.e. the Laka could reach 200 cm of height, while the Woja Laka was maximum 150 cm of height. However, the density of Woja Laka tiller and its panicle were almost double than the Laka ones. The dry seed weight and spikes number of Woja Laka were much higher than in Laka ones. In terms of organic farming system, Laka rice seemed to be more sensitive towards the strong wind conditions and bird or rat attacks rather than Woja Laka. Both pests attacked on both black rice along growing period, but rat preferred to attack vegetative part, otherwise bird strongly disturbed during generative period. Key words: black rice, growth, Laka, Woja Laka, organic paddy field
Expression of Insoluble Influenza Neuraminidase Type 1 (NA1) Protein in Tobacco Teen Lee Pua; Hwei San Loh; Festo Massawe; Chon Seng Tan; Abdul Rahman Omar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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The avian influenza virus, particularly H5N1 strain, is highly virulent to poultry and mankind. Several expression systems, like yeast, baculovirus and mammalian cells, have been adopted to produce vaccine candidate for this lethal disease. The present research aimed at developing a recombinant vaccine candidate, neuraminidase type 1 (NA1), for the Malaysia isolate of H5N1 in Nicotiana benthamiana. The NA1 gene was fused directly in-frame in cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV)-based pEAQ-HT vector with C-terminal polyhistidine-tag incorporated to ease the subsequent purification step. The expression of the NA1 gene in tobacco was confirmed at RNA and protein levels at 6 days post-infiltration (Dpi). From the insoluble fraction of the protein, a recombinant glycosylated NA1 protein with a molecular weight of ~56 kDa was immunogenically detected by a specific anti-NA polyclonal antibody. We report for the first time the insolubility of the plant-made NA1 protein where a native sequence was used for its expression. This study signifies the necessity of the use of optimised sequences for expression work and provides great opportunity for the exploration of plant-manufactured NA1 protein as vaccine candidate.
Biomass production and antibacterial activity of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. - A valuable Medicinal plant P Sugumaran; N Kowsalya; Raju Karthic; S Seshadri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Rooting and biomass production of Justicia gendarussa has been achieved through a hydroponic system of cultivation. The obtained biomass of leaves, stem and root were examined for antibacterial activity against various human pathogenic organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methanolic extract of J. gendarussa root responded against E. coli. The growth of Shigella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and K. pneumonia were inhibited by leaf extract. The maximum inhibition zone against S. aureus was observed in stem extract treatment.
Survey on the use of synthetic Food Colors in Food Samples procured from different educational institutes of Karachi city. Nida Saleem; Zahida Nasreen Umar; Seema Ismat khan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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The present study was carried out to find the type of food colors added to various food products especially those vended at or near different educational institutes of Karachi city. Different types of food items were analysed for isolation and identification of the added synthetic food colors. The majority of branded food items contained permitted colors however some foods manufactured locally, contained non-permitted colors. About 11% branded and 44% unbranded food items, respectively, were found with not permitted colors for human consumption. Similarly, 4% branded and 30% unbranded beverages were found unfit due to the presence of prohibited colors. Incidences of the use of non-permitted food colors were higher in case of unorganized food makers. Constant vigilance is needed to ensure that the local manufacturers comply with the regulations of food colors not only in terms of non-permitted food colors but also about the control and limits of permitted food colors. Moreover, consumption of colored food items should also be controlled by making the society aware of the hazardous effects of food colors.

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