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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,001 Documents
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Earthworm Population Density in Sugarcane Cropping System Applied with Various Quality of Organic Matter Nurhidayati Nurhidayati; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Didik Suprayogo; Kurniatun Hairiah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Earthworms population in the soil are greatly impacted by agricultural management, yet little is known about how the quality and quantity of organic matter addition interact in sugarcane cropping system to earthworm population. This study describes the effect of various organic matter and application rates on earthworms in sugarcane cropping system. Earthworms were collected in April, July and December from 48 experimental plots under five kinds of organic matter application : (1) cattle manure, (2) filter cake of sugar mill, (3) sugarcane trash, (4) mixture of cattle manure+filter cake, and (5) mixture of cattle manure+sugarcane trash. There were three application rates of the organic matter (5, 10, and 15 ton ha-1). The treatments were arranged in factorial block randomize design with three replications and one treatment as a control (no organic input). Earthworms were collected using monolith sampling methods and hand-sorted from each plot, and measured its density (D) (indiv.m-2), biomass (B) (g m-2) and B/D ratio (g/indiv.). All the plots receiving organic matter input had higher earthworm density, biomass, and B/D ratio than the control. The highest earthworm population density was found in the plot receiving application of sugarcane trash (78 indiv.m-2) and the mixture of cattle manure+sugarcane trash (84 indiv.m-2). The increase in application rates of organic matter could increase the earthworm density and biomass. Earthworm population density also appeared to be strongly influenced by the quality of organic matter, such as the C-organic, N, C/N ratio, lignin, polyphenols, and cellulose content. Earthworm preferred low quality organic matter. It was caused by the higher energy of low quality organic matter than high quality organic matter. Our findings suggest that the input of low quality organic matter with application rate as 10 ton ha-1 is important for maintaining earthworm population and soil health in sugarcane land.Keywords: earthworms, organic matter quantity, quality, sugarcane cropping system
Embryo Development of Tree Frog Polypedates leucomystax at Campus of State University of Malang Pearlindah Peralindah; Emy Kusumawati; Dian Ratri Wulandari; Dwi Listyorini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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Abstract

Tree frogs live in natural places which are unpolluted. Regarding their role as an ecological indicator, the decrease of frogs population in a particular habitat indicates the danger of environment quality decrease. Moreover, this condition can harm the frogs themselves. All kinds of frogs breed in aqueous environment such as ponds, marshes, and farming fields. One of the tree frogs, Polypedates leucomystax, which belongs to Familia Rachophoridae, is widely spread in Indonesia. This frog has yellowish brown skin with black spots or six lines extending from head to the posterior tip of body. A breeding couple of the frog produces foam nests on the water or plants around water body, where they will nest their fertilized eggs. This species produces over a hundred embryos in one spawning season. These embryos require appropriate conditions to develop normally in the nature. Frog embryo development may becomes a reference to understand how the frog population survives. This study focused on P. leucomystax with regards to its decrease in number due to the drying up of the environment and a lot lost of trees in Campus of State University of Malang. The development of P. leucomystax embryos in the reproduction foam was observed until it reached a tadpole stage. The result showed that the embryos developed in the foam until they hatched then they move out of the foam into the water under which they would continue their development. Considering that water body is a critical requirement for the development of P. leucomystax embryos, it is our responsibility to make any efforts to conserve not only the trees but also any type of water bodies including ponds, marshes, and farming fields as well. Keywords: embryo development, Polypedates leucomystax, Tree frog conservation
Composition of Trees Grown Surrounding Water Springs at Two Areas in Purwosari Pasuruan, East Java soejono soejono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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Abstract

The aim of the research was to find out the composition of trees grown surrounding water springs at two areas in Purwosari, Pasuruan, East Java. Eleven plots for each area were observed. The data were analyzed using Mueller-Domboiss method to calculate their importance value indexes, while Shannon-Wieners formula was used for determining the diversity index. The coordinate and altitude of every water spring or its groups site was determined using Geographical Position System (GPS) to know their positions on the map. The result indicated that there were at least 30 families, 49 genera which consisted of 68 species of trees grown surrounding water springs at the first area with 5.49 of diversity index, while the second area, consisted of 34 families, 63 genera and 79 species of trees with 5.24 diversity index. The diversity of trees species from Moraceae was the highest among other families, both at the first and the second area, whereas, trees species having a significant important value index included Bambusa blumeana, Dendrocalamus asper, Ficus racemosa, Horsfieldia irya and Ficus virens. The position of the springs in the two areas within the sub-districts of Purwosari is in the range of 7º44'448 " south latitude; 112º44'353" east longitude up to 7º46'339 " south latitude; 112º41190" east longitude at an altitude between 251 and 522 m above sea level. We hope that the information can be used as an alternative guidance to restore or to conserve such areas in order to save and sustain trees diversity and their habitat.Keywords: composition, trees, water springs, Purwosari, Pasuruan.
The Effectivity of Scirpus Grossus and Limnocharis Flava As Fitoremediation Agents of Nitrate-Phosphate To Prevent Microcystis Blooming In Fresh Water Ecosystem Aliyah Siti Sundari; Catur Retnaningdyah; Soeharjono Soeharjono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Abstract

The aims of this study were to reduce the concentration of dissolved nitrate-phosphate, furthermore it can inhibit the growth and prevent the occurrence of Microcystis bloom waters. The study was conducted experimentally in the laboratory. The Microcystis isolation carried out in Sutami reservoir. Then, remediation treatment with hydromacrophyte (Scirpus grossus, Limnocharis flava and combination of both hydromicrophyte) were done during 15 day incubation period. Abiotic factors were measured on day 0, 6, 12 and 15, but the abundance of Microcystis cells was counted daily. The productivity of hydromacrophyte was measured at the end of the research. The research results showed that hydromacrophytes were effective to reduce nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Combination of S. grossus and Microcystis reduced nitrate concentration up to 99.89 %, while highest reduction of dissolved phosphate (98.22 %) carried out by combination of L. flava and Microcystis. The combination treatment of L. flava and S. grossus was capable to prevent Microcystis growth rate and carrying capacity that is 65 cells.L-1.day-1 and 6.93 x 104 cells/mL.
Accumulation of Calcium Crystal in Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Kidney A'liyatur Rosidah; Sri Widyarti; Sri Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Abstract

The aim of this research is to know the effect of tuber Porang flour (Amorphophallus muelleri) to the accumulation of calcium crystal. This research uses 2,5 months old male rats that are orally given by tuber Porang flour from three different location (Klangon, Sumber Baru, and Sumber Bendo) with doses 6 mg/100 gr BW/day for 3 months. Kidneys taken to analyzed distribution of crystal calcium accumulation. Observation of distribution crystal calsium accumulation with microscope of Olympus CX 31 at 400x magnification. The data to be analysed by using test of ANOVA with SPSS 16 for windows. The result of research known that the treatment of tuber Porang flour induce calcium crystal accumulation in rat kidneys. Using tuber porang flour from different location can generate different impact at accumulation of crystal calcium. The lowest calcium crystal accumulation in kidneys with giving Klangon Porang flour that is equal to 8,19±2,17 spot/ area. Consumption of the tuber Porang flour cause the accumulation of crystal calcium in rat kidney.
Description Of Avian Bio-Diversity Of Damdamma Jheel In Gurgaon District In Haryana, India Rohtash Chand Gupta; Tirshem Kumar Kaushik
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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Abstract

Damdamma Jheel is a wetland of impressive potentials of harboring rich avian bio-diversity in the accompaniment of enhanced habitat reconstruction and improvement. It is located in the National Capital Region, nearby Sohana town in Gurgaon district in Haryana merely 45 Kms from Dhaula Kuan in New Delhi. At present, compared to Sultanpur National Park, it is confronting neglect. Considering its positive features of terrain, water sheet, it has the qualities of being a rich habitat for birds of all hues including the winter migratory birds. The present studies focus attention on its avian biodiversity as well as its own degraded form and structure. In all, 128 species of birds belonging to 15 orders and 41 families could be enlisted. Order Passeriformes is the predominant one having 54 species, followed by Charadriiformes (14 Species) and Ciconiiformes (12 Species). The prominent winter migratory birds observed from Damdamma Jheel include Asian Openbill Stork Anastomus oscitans, Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia, Northern Shoveller Anas clypeata, Northern Pintail Anas acuta, Common Teal Anas crecca, Common Pochard Aythya ferina, Gadwall Anas strepera, Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha, Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus, Common Redshank Tringa tetanus, Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia, Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus, White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus, Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis, Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola, Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos, White Wagtail Motacilla alba and Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava. The lake is suffering from water scarcity considering its capacity and potential to have more water. The periphery towards east is plagued by the growth of peats. The very fact that in October 2012, a large group of Openbill Stork (Nearly 70-80) has already arrived at Damdamma Lake since September-2012 indicates that it is the largest HARBOUR of Open-bill Stork in Haryana. Also, Eurasian Spoonbills were seen in a group 10-12, again the largest in Haryana. It is argued in this paper, that Damdamma is the pride lake of Haryana and prime harbor for uncommon winter migratory birds like Open-bill Stork and Eurasian Spoonbill must be the prime place for habitat reconstruction by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India in conjunction with Govt. of Haryana with the active contributions by WWF (India) to add to the might vastness of this lake an element of grace and glory so as to conserve the winter migratory birds during their sojourn in India. In addition, it will be one nodal point to include Sultanpur National Park, Badkhal Lake, Bhindawas and Keoladeo National Park as an eco-tourism rectangle with provision for night halt.
Genetic Diversity Study Among Six Genera of Amaranth Family Found in Malang Based on RAPD Marker Arik Arubil Fatinah; Estri Laras Arumingtyas; Retno Mastuti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2012)
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Abstract

Genera of amaranth family tend to have phenotypic variation partly caused by environmental factor. Phenotypic variation was the result of interaction between genetic and environmental factors. One of molecular markers that is widely used for detecting genetic variation is RAPD. RAPD is used for polymorphism detections and is now possible for identifiying a large number of loci and ascribes unambiguous taxonomic and genetic relationships among different taxa. Members of amaranth family found in Indonesia are Amaranthus, Celosia, Aerva, Alternanthera, Achyranthes, Gomphrena, Salsola, and Iresine. Six genera of which (Amaranthus, Celosia, Aerva, Alternanthera, Achyranthes, and Gomphrena) were observed in this study. DNA was extracted from fresh young leaves using Doyle and Doyles method with modification in the extraction buffer used. RAPD analyses were carried out with 20 decamer primers from Kit A of Operon Technology. DNA was amplified using master cycler gradient Eppendorf with 35 cycles. RAPD products were separated on 1,5 % agarose gels and detected by staining with ethidium bromide. There were 374 bands generated in 18 random primers. The number of monomorphic bands, polymorphic bands, and the percentage of polymorphism were 21 bands, 353 bands, and 94,38 % respectively. The high number and percentage of polymorphic bands revealed genomic DNA variation. This variation is in accordance with phenotypic variation detected in this experiment. Therefore, it can be concluded that, based on DNA polymorphism detected by RAPD, Amaranth family can be classified into two sub families namely Amaranthoideae and Gomphrenoideae.
Control of Microcystis spp . Bloom By Combination of Indigenous Denitrifying Bacteria From Sutami Reservoir With Fimbristylis globulosa and Vetiveria zizanoides Bayu Agung Prahardika; Catur Retnaningdyah; Suharjono -
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Abstract

The purpose of this research were to know the ability of polyculture macrophyte (Fimbristylis globulosa and Vetiveria zizanoides) and combination of both with consortium of indigenous denitrifying bacteria from Sutami reservoir that added by Microcystis spp. or not to reduce the concentration of nitrate, dissolved phosphate and the carrying capacity of Microcystis spp. Experiment was done in medium of Sutami reservoir water enriched with 16 ppm of nitrate and 0,4 ppm of phosphate. Denitrifying bacteria were used in this research were DR-14, DU-27-1, DU-30-1, DU-30-2, TA-8 and DU-27-4 isolated from Sutami reservoir. The treatments were incubated during 15 days. Microcystis spp. abundance was calculated every day, but measurement of the the concentration of nitrate and dissolved phosphate were done every six days. The results showed that both treatment and a combination of both macrophytes with a consortium of denitrifying indigenous bacteria were added or not either Microcystis able to reduce nitrate at 99% and 93-99% orthophosphoric. Combination of macrophytes with denitrifying indigenous bacterial consortium from Sutami reservoir was able to inhibit the carrying capacity of Microcystis spp. highest until 47.87%. They can also significantly reduce the abundance of Microcystis from 107 cells/mL in early of treatment to become 0.35x104 cells/mL after fifteen days incubation.
Observation of Frog Species in State University of Malang as a Preliminary Effort on Frog Conservation Dian Ratri Wulandari; Muhammad Habibi; Dwi Listyorini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.3.1.%x

Abstract

Frog is an amphibian which widely distributed around the world. Indonesia houses 450 species which represent 11% of frog species in the world. In Java Island living 42 species of frogs and toads. Frogs can be used as an environment indicator due to the presence of frog in a particular place indicates that the place is stay natural and unpolluted. State University of Malang Campus #1 which is located in the heart of Malang District has been developing rapidly, currently. Thus, it requires for the construction of new various facilities to support it widen activities. Extensive construction can be destructive even damaging to the habitat of frog, which potentially threat the frog life, if it does not take a consideration on the environmental impact, carefully. This study aimed to identify the species of frog which is survives in State University of Malang with consideration of the frog species found in 1995. Species identification conducted by observing the morphologicalcharacter. This study found four species with three species which are survive and as found in 1995; those are Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Polypedates leucomystax, and Kaloula baleta; and one new species that is Rana chalconota. This study also reveals there are four species which are extinct; those are Fejervarya cancrivora, Fejervarya limnocharis, Ingerophrynus biporcatus, and Occidoziga lima. This situation shows the decreasing amount of species from 7 to 4 within 17 years. This result indicates that there is a serious environmental degradation which caused the losing of frog habitats. Further research is needed to study the ecological condition changing in order to save the frog species.
The Technic of Agroforestry at Communal Forest Areas in Pejarakan Village, District of Gerokgak, Regency of Buleleng, Province of Bali I putu Gede Ardhana; Sunardi Sunardi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
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Abstract

Since 2003 year the technic of agroforestry with alley cropping systems has been implemented at the forest areas in Pejarakan Village, District Gerokgak, Regency of Buleleng Province of Bali. These activities are expected to support the progress of welfare for farmers, eventhough they have been neglected to preserve forest around village. After the research it was cleared that the result of activities didnt fulfilled to its expectation. The analysis about the compositions and structures of vegetations in this research shows that the dominant type of species which are mainly cultivated have character of Importance Value Index, the balance of species among Diversity Index are still low at all of the communal forest areas and even at the these slope sides. The composition and the structure of species were still few, and the vegetation itself was disturbed by people, in order to illegal loggings, cuttings top branches or twigs often occur, and these activities bring out obstacle growth of trees in communal forest areas. It is concluded that the technic of agroforestry at the communal forest areas has few compositions of species and structure of vegetations, so the diversity of species become very poor and not stable either for plants in forestry or for agricultural crops. The researcher could not determine that what species of vegetations superior at this area. So it necessary to enough time for intensive observations and research at this communal forest areas.

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