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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,001 Documents
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Social Conflicts Between Oil-Palm Plantation Company and Indigenous People in Jambi Province Dewi Nilakrisna; Ridha Taqwa; Sriati Sriati; Dadang Hikmah Purnama; Robiyanto Hendro Susanto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.09

Abstract

The oil-palm plantation development policy meant to increase the economic growth and to provide jobs opportu nities in rural area. The development policy that participate the private sectors creates many social conflict in Indonesia, especially against the indigenous people community. The purpose of this research is to fid out, how the oil-palm plantation development policies implemented and the impact to the indigenous people community in Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. This qualitative research used case study approach and qualitative data anal ysis based on extended text. Obtaining data through direct observation, in-depth interview, structured interview, and literature studies.The study results showed that the implementation of the large scale oil-palm plantation development policy, has caused approximately 1/3 area of Batang Hari Regency was controlled by the private companies and give negative impacts to almost 3.000 peoples of SAD Batin 9 community. They have been evicted, marginalized and face the uncertainty rights to the land. The implementation of oil palm plantation development policy without take a no tice to the existing social environmental condition has deny the indigenous people existence. It has stimulated some contradiction to the injustice government policy. Therefore this research recommends the government to consider about the social and environmental impacts before issued any policy in order to protect the social justice for all citizens.
PCR-RFLP and Sequencing of trnS/trnfM Fragment of Enhalus acoriodes from Sanur Coastal Waters, Bali, Indonesia: A Preliminary Study Made Pharmawati; Eka Fibayani Imaniar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.10

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the resolution of PCR-RFLP and sequencing of trnS/trnfM in detecting genetic diversity of seagrass Enhalus acoroides at Sanur Beach, Sindhu Beach and Semawang Beach. This research used six samples E. acoroides from each location. DNA extraction method followed Doyle and Doyle. PCR amplifications were done using primers P672/P673, P674/P675 and ITS4/ITS5 followed by digestion using restriction enzymes EcoRI, PstI, HindIII, BamHI, Rsa, Mva and HinfI. Sequencing analysis used PCR products of primers trnS/trnfM. Testing of DNA sequences of E. acoroides were conducted using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). DNA sequences were further analyzed using MEGA 5.2 software (Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis) to evaluate variations of DNA. The sequence alignments were done using ClustalW software to determine the homology between the DNA sequences. The results showed that 18 samples of E. acoroides from Sanur, Sindhu and Semawang Beach have no polymorphism based on restriction enzyme analyses. Furthermore, sequencing of trnS/trnfM region of 18 samples E. acoroides showed that the sequences were identical.   
p53/Surviving Ratio as a Parameter for Chemotherapy Induction Response in Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Rinaldi Lenggana; Susanto Nugroho; Sri Winarsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.02

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy that is often found in children. Many studies into the failure of apoptosis function, or programmed cell death, is one of the most important regulatory mechanisms of cellular hemostasis which is closely linked to the development of cancer, are important. Also, regulation of the apoptotic (p53) and anti-apoptotic (surviving) proteins influence treatment outcome. One role of p53 is to monitor cellular stress necessary to induce apoptosis. Surviving (BIRC5) is a group of proteins in the apoptosis inhibitor which works by inhibiting caspase-3. The role of surviving is considered very important in oncogenesis proliferation and cell growth regulation. Chemotherapy in childhood AML can inhibit cell growth and induce slowing as well as stopping the cell cycle. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare p53 and surviving before and after receiving induction chemotherapy in children with AML and also to determine the p53/surviving ratio. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from AML children before treatment and three months after starting their induction therapy. p53 and surviving were measured by flowcytometry using monoclonal antibodies. Data were analyzed by t-test for comparison between groups and Spearman’s test to find out the correlation between variables with a significant value of p < 0.05. A total of 8 children were evaluated. The intensity of p53 expression was not significantly increased after induction phase chemotherapy (p = 0.224), but surviving expression and the ratio of p53/surviving were significantly increased in the treatment group compared with the levels prior to chemotherapy (p = 0.002, p = 0.034), and there was a strong negative correlation between p53 and surviving after chemotherapy (r = −0.63, p = 0.049).
Bleach Solution Requirement for Hatching of Daphnia magna Resting Eggs Catur Retnaningdyah; Dieter Ebert
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.01

Abstract

Daphnia (water fleas) belong to the zooplankton group called Cladocerans have sexual reproduction when conditions less favorable that produce diapausing eggs are enclosed in the ephippium. Hatching ephippial eggs in the laboratory is important in ecological, toxicology, genetical, and evolutionary studies. This study aims to improve the current methods of egg hatching from ephippium. Each of 50 ephippium were treated together by placing them in a glass jar and adding 50 mL bleach solution (sodium hypochlorite). Concentrations of sodium hypochlorite used in this experiment were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%. These concentration treatments were crossed with the following exposure times (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 minutes). Culturing was done in 80 mL of artificial Daphnia medium, incubated in constant light and temperatures 20°C for 25 days. There were two repetitions in this experiment that were run at the same time. Result of this experiment showed that pretreatment with 0.5-8% bleach solution significantly increases the yield of total hatch rate of Daphnia magna resting eggs by about 21% over unbleached control. However, there was no significant difference among the bleach treatments. Concentration of bleach solution 0.5%, 1% and 4% significantly accelerated the time period until the first hatching (first day hatching). Difference of exposure time (1 - 32 minutes) at each concentration treatments were not influence the yield of total hatch and the time period until first hatching.
Characterization of lipid productivity and fatty acid profile of three fast-growing microalgae isolated from Bengkulu for possible use in health application Swastika Praharyawan; Delicia Yunita Rahman; Dwi Susilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.03

Abstract

Three strains of fast-growing microalgae were investigated in this study for their potential of lipid production and its possible use in health application. Lipid content, lipid productivity, and fatty acids profile of the 3 mi-croalgae strains were also analyzed. The strain of LBB13-2-AL045 and LBB13-2-AL048 possessed highest lipid content (49.08 ± 0.25%) and lipid productivity (40.27 ± 1.91 mg.L-1.day-1), respectively, among the other tested strains. The fatty acids profile from the 3 strains exhibited its possible use in health application. The two strains of LBB13-2-AL046 and LBB13-2-AL048 possessed high valuable fatty acids of polyunsaturated fatty ac-ids (PUFA) omega-3 and omega-6, whereas LBB13-2- AL045 possessed balance ratio of saturated fatty acid (SFA) : monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) : PUFA (1 : 1.3 : 1) as is recommended by American Heart As-sociation (AHA) (1 : 1.4 : 0.8). The high content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids indicated that the algal lipids of two strains (LBB13-2-AL046 and LBB13-2-AL048) were potential to be applied in cardiovascular health. The balance ratio of SFA : MUFA: PUFA as is recommended by AHA indicated that the algal oil of LBB13-2-AL045 strain was recommended in order to generate the best LDL/HDL ratio.
Bioactivity of Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus Linnaeus) Essential Oils against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Dewi Melani; Toto Himawan; Aminudin Afandhi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.04

Abstract

The study aims to determine the chemical compounds, toxicity, and antifeedant activity of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) essential oils against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura. The study was conducted using a com-pletely randomized design (CRD) using various concentration of the essential oils (103, 2 × 103, 3 × 103, 4 × 103, 5 × 103 ppm). Mortality and antifeedant activity was observed 24 hours after treatment.  Toxicity and anti-feedant activity values were 92.5% and 79.3%, respectively, with an LC50 value 586.96 ppm. Gas chromatog-raphy-mass spectrometry analysis showed that essential oil of A. calamus consists of five chemical compounds: methyl isoeugenol, 3.9-decadien-ol-1,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl), 4-pentyl-1-(4propylcyclohexyl)1cyclohexene, γ-asarone and β asarone. Keywords:  Acorus calamus, essential oils, mortality,  antifeedant,  Spodoptera lituraThe study aims to determine the chemical compounds, toxicity, and antifeedant activity of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) essential oils against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) using various concentration of the essential oils (103, 2 × 103, 3 × 103, 4 × 103, 5 × 103 ppm). Mortality and antifeedant activity was observed 24 hours after treatment.  Toxicity and antifeedant activity values were 92.5% and 79.3%, respectively, with an LC50 value 586.96 ppm. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that essential oil of A. calamus consists of five chemical compounds: methyl isoeugenol, 3.9-decadien-ol-1,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl), 4-pentyl-1-(4propylcyclohexyl)1cyclohexene, γ-asarone and β asarone.
Relationship between Cysteine, Interleukin (IL)-2, And Interleukin (IL)-10 in Children with Marasmus Type Malnutrition Teguh Wahyudi; Anik Puryatni; Tinny Endang Hernowati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.01.10

Abstract

 Malnutrition is one of the health issues in developing countries. The most commonly found malnutrition is the marasmus type. Infection in marasmus patient is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In marasmus, there is a decrease in protein level such as cysteine which is one of the glutathione forming components that plays a significant role in immune system. In malnutrition, there is a disturbance of lymphocyte in the form of down-regulation of type 1 cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and up- regulation of type 2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10). IL-2 is needed for the development of regulatory T produced by thymus and for NK cell cytotoxicity which plays a role in infection process, while IL-10 inhibits activation of lymphocyte T so the cellular immunity reaction ends. Several studies about the relationship between cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 have been done in malnutrition-patients, but there is no study focusing on patients with marasmus. This study is to find out the relationship between cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 in patients with marasmus type malnutrition. This study was an observational analytic study using cross-sectional design consisting of 20 children with marasmus type malnutrition and 20 well-nourished children treated in Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. The cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 level then measured using Elisa method. Normality and the various test were done. The Pearson correlation test was done to find out the relationship between cysteine and IL-2 level, cysteine and IL-10 level, and IL-2 and IL-10. The standard of cysteine and IL-2 level in children with marasmus is significantly lower than the control group, which was 1.616 ± 1.039 vs 3.298 ± 0.519 pg/mL; p = 0.000 dan 12.38±4.94 vs. 16.58 ± 4.80 pg/mL;p = 0.010, respectively. IL-10 in children with marasmus was significantly higher than control group (19.08± 5.93 vs 10.46 ± 3.90 pg/mL; p = 0.000). The cysteine level was positively correlated to the IL-2 level (p = 0.000; r = 0.71), while the cysteine and IL-10, IL-2 and IL-10 was negatively correlated with p = 0.014; r= -0.53 and p=0.037; r= -0.46 in marasmus. There was a positive correlation between the cysteine and IL-2 level and negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-2 also IL-2 and IL-10 in children with marasmus. 
New Records of Pathogenic Bacteria from Urban Rivers in Argentina David Kuczynski
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.03

Abstract

Aquatic environments associated with human settlements are mostly deteriorated by untreated or poorly treated discharges. Buenos Aires city and surroundings constitutes one of the largest urbanizations of the world. High levels of pollution have been detected for its related watercourses, showing the occurrence of a diversity of pathogenic bacteria in surface waters as well in biological members of the ecosystem. In the present paper the finding of new records for the area is reported and discussed. Yersinia enterocolitica and two subspecies of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from the Reconquista River, while Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas luteola, Vibrio fluvialis, and Aeromonas hydrophila were detected in the nearby Matanza and Lujánrivers.
Effects of Compost on Nematode Pratylenchus sp. (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Population in Patchouli Cecep Subarjah; Toto Himawan; Retno Dyah Puspitarini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.07

Abstract

Patchouli is seen as one of the most important export commodities in Indonesia. The presence of parasitic nematode Pratylenchus sp. creates a barrier to plant cultivation. Increasing organic content in soil by applying compost in the plantation is one of approaches in controlling the nematode. This research was mainly aimed to study the effects of compost fertilization on the population growth of nematode Pratylenchus sp. and yields on patchouli. These research used a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) consisting of 12 treatments with three replicates. Selected plant was inoculated with nematodes with the following initial population: 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 nematodes in soil with and without compost. The plant with no inoculation was used as control. The result of the research confirmed that the addition of compost was capable of suppressing the population of nematode Pratylenchus sp. as much as 58.93 - 67.31% and 40.74 - 59.19% in root and in soil of each treatment, respectively. Compost applied in each treatment positively affected the increasing amount of Patchouli oil yielded, and it could also reduce the loss as much as 18.34 - 43.36%. Trichoderma sp. was found to be dominant in compost in the treatment with its population of 2.1 × 104 propogul/g.
Population Abundance of Scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and The Parasitoids on the Apple Crop Khojin Supriadi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.03.08

Abstract

These last few years, scales pest infestation on the apple crop in Batu city is a problem that has yet to be controlled. Scales infestations are always there at the apple crop but different population levels at each stage of the apple crop growth. Patterns of population abundance of scales that are synchronized with the apple crop growth stages need to be understood and the basis for the control of scales infestation. The study was conducted in July 2012 until January 2013 in Bumiaji, Batu City. The study was conducted at two locations that have a different altitude, each in Binangun village the altitude of ± 900 meters above sea level and in the Tulungrejo village that have altitude ± 1.515 meters above sea level. Results from this study are the pattern of population abundance of scales are linear with the average level of high population caused not found parasitoid as a result of excessive use of insecticides and biodiversity is low. The pattern of population abundance of scales began to rise sharply in the phase of thinning and covering of apple fruit. If required the application of insecticide should be addressed at the time of first instar scales and adult males, but it must be carried out carefully so as not to kill non-target insects.

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