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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,016 Documents
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Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent–Extracted Old and Young Mangrove Avicennia marina Leaves: Comparative Antibacterial Activity Against Propionibacterium acnes Djamaludin, Heder; Firdaus, Shelina Innasa; Suprayitno, Eddy; Yahya, Yahya; Arisandi, Desy; Ahmad, Mirza Gulam; Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Ahmad, Nurul Hawa; Ramli, Nurul Shazini; Kartikaningsih, Hartati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 3
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.15.03.13

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder largely associated with the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes. Although antibiotics are widely used for acne treatment, the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance necessitates the exploration of effective natural alternatives. Mangrove plants are known to contain diverse bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) extracts derived from young and old leaves of Avicennia marina against P. acnes. Extraction was conducted using citric acid–glucose-based NADES with different molar ratios: P1 (1:1), P2 (2:1), P3 (3:1), and P4 (4:1), to assess the effect of solvent composition on antibacterial performance. Antibacterial activity was determined using inhibition zone assays, while molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate interactions between extracted metabolites and P. acnes target proteins. The results showed that both young and old leaf extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity, strongly influenced by the NADES formulation. Young leaf extracts produced the largest inhibition zone with the P4 formulation (24.51±0.75 mm) and the smallest with P1 (21.63±0.67 mm). Similarly, old leaf extracts showed maximum inhibition in P4 (37.38±4.34 mm) and minimum inhibition in P1 (22.62±1.40 mm). Increasing the proportion of citric acid enhanced the extraction of bioactive compounds responsible for antibacterial activity. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between key metabolites and P. acnes target proteins, supporting the experimental findings. Thus, NADES extracts of A. marina leaves, particularly those prepared using a 4:1 citric acid–glucose ratio, demonstrate strong potential as natural antibacterial agents for acne prevention and treatment.
Integrated Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome Profiling of Green Honey from Banggi Island, Sabah Ullah, Saeed; Huyop, Fahrul Zaman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 3
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.15.03.15

Abstract

Green honey from Banggi Island, Sabah, is a premium product recognized for its distinctive color, yet its microbial composition remains poorly characterized. This study employed amplicon sequencing to investigate the microbial diversity of green honey, targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA V3 region and the fungal internal transcribed spacer one (ITS1) region. A total of 286 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were identified, comprising 270 bacterial and 16 fungal/yeast ASVs across 12 bacterial and 2 fungal phyla. The bacterial community was dominated by members of the phylum Pseudomonadota, with representative genera including Comamonas, Acidovorax, and Bacillus. Fungal profiling revealed a strong dominance of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, accounting for over 98% of fungal reads. Overall, fungal sequencing reads substantially exceeded bacterial reads, indicating a fungal-enriched microbial profile in this honey sample. These findings provide the first integrated characterization of both bacterial and fungal communities in Banggi Island green honey. While the results highlight distinct microbial patterns potentially shaped by local environmental and floral factors, functional, safety, and bioactivity implications remain exploratory and warrant further investigation using complementary approaches.
Vegetation Diversity in the Agroforestry System of Kuta Traditional Village, West Java, Indonesia: Vegetation diversity in the agroforestry system of Kuta Traditional Village Adnan, Bahana Aditya; Erlin, Euis; Dadi; Kurniawati, Tiktiek
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.02

Abstract

This study investigates vegetation diversity within the agroforestry system of Kuta Traditional Village, West Java, Indonesia, a community renowned for its long standing integration of ecological principles and cultural traditions in land management. Twenty plots (20 m × 20 m) were purposively established to assess vegetation structure across four growth stages: trees, poles, saplings, and seedlings. Data collection includes the number of species and the number of individuals of each species, followed by the calculation of the Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′), Margalef species richness index (R), and Pielou’s evenness index (E). Results indicated that Cocos nucifera and Arenga pinnata dominated the mature tree stage, while Coffea canephora prevailed at the pole stage. High diversity (H′ = 2.91–3.41) and richness (R = 5.13–6.23) were observed in trees, poles, and saplings, reflecting balanced community structures and sustainable regeneration. The seedling stage exhibited lower diversity (H′ = 2.67, R = 2.96) despite high evenness (E = 0.96), suggesting selective recruitment patterns. Principal Component Analysis revealed soil pH as the most influential environmental factor shaping species distribution. These findings underscore the importance of traditional agroforestry in sustaining biodiversity, supporting livelihoods, and maintaining ecological resilience, thereby highlighting its significance as a model for sustainable land use and biodiversity conservation in culturally significant landscapes.
Structural Homology Modelling, Molecular Docking and Initial Insight into Phenol Degradation Activity of Recombinant Tyrosinase from Lentinula edodes Mushroom: Structure and Phenol Decontamination by Lentinula edodes Tyrosinase David, Viaevanilly; Abdul Rasah, Mohd Nasir; Lindang, Herman Umbau; Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli Mohd; Seelan, Jaya Seelan Sathiya; Razali, Rafida; Budiman, Cahyo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.05

Abstract

Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme known for ability to degrade phenolic compounds, making it highly attractive for industrial applications, particularly in wastewater decontamination. While fungal tyrosinase is considered an excellent source for enzyme studies and applications, deeper investigations into its structural properties and phenol degradation activity are still needed. This study aims to elucidate the structural properties of tyrosinase from the mushroom Lentinula edodes (Edo-Tyr) and evaluate its phenol degradation activity. The amino acid sequence of Edo-Tyr was retrieved from GenBank (AB 033993.1) and used to construct three-dimensional models via Robetta, SWISS-MODEL, and Phyre2. The best model obtained from SWISS-MODEL indicated that the structure is predominantly helical, with a Cu2+ ion observed in the active site coordinated by His64, His90, His99, His261, His165, His289, and His290. Structural comparisons revealed similarity between Edo-Tyr and tyrosinase from Bacillus megaterium (Bm-Tyr), with an R.M.S.D of 1.38 Å. Sequence alignment further suggested that His265 serves as the active site in Edo-Tyr, analogous to His208 in Bm-Tyr. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that the catalytic mechanism of Edo-Tyr likely involves hydroxylation via an electrophilic attack, potentially facilitated by a tyrosine rotation event. Key residues implicated in this process include His64, His265, His90, Pro277, and Asp262. Subsequent in vitro assays using a phenol solution confirmed the recombinant Edo-Tyr's ability to degrade phenol, achieving a 48% reduction in phenol concentration with 0.3 U/µL of tyrosinase. These findings confirm the potential application of Edo-Tyr in bioremediation, specifically for phenol decontamination, highlighting its promise for industrial and environmental applications. 
Phytochemical Screening and In Silico Prediction of Gynura divaricata Ethanolic Extract as A Potential PIM-1 Inhibitor: Phytochemical and In Silico Prediction of Gynura divaricata Puspitarini , Sapti; Hermanto, Feri Eko; Rohim, Abd; Dliyauddin, Moh; Hendratmoko, Ahmad Fauzi; Budiyanto, Mohammad; Ilhami, Fasih Bintang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.06

Abstract

The pharmacological properties and traditional uses of medicinal plants often correlate with their bioactive constituents, which contribute to diverse therapeutic effects, including anticancer activity. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and the discovery of novel anticancer agents from natural sources continues to be an important research focus. Gynura divaricata is a medicinal herb widely used in traditional Asian medicine for treating diseases. Recent studies have reported that G. divaricata contains several bioactive compounds. such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which are known for their antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, despite its traditional use and pharmacological potential, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of G. divaricata remain poorly understood. This study aimed to screen the phytochemical content of the ethanolic leaf extract of G. divaricata and to predict its potential anticancer activity through computational analysis targeting the PIM-1 protein. The DPPH inhibition, total flavonoid content, and total phenolic content of the extract were evaluated. Phytochemical profiling was performed using LC-HRMS. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to predict the interactions between the active compounds of G. divaricata and the PIM-1 protein. The extract exhibited 50% DPPH inhibition at a concentration of 2071.01 ppm, with total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of 107.44 ± 4.41 mg QE/g and 10.96 ± 0.49 mg GAE/g, respectively. Identified bioactive compounds, including curcumin, (+)-ar-turmerone, and 4-coumaric acid, were further analyzed through molecular docking to assess their interactions with the PIM-1 kinase. The docking results revealed that these compounds showed favorable binding affinities to the active site of PIM-1, suggesting their potential as anticancer agents. This study is the first to report the potential of G. divaricata active compounds as PIM-1 inhibitors, warranting further validation through both in vitro and in vivo studies.  
In-silico Design and Testing of Tetra-Primer Arms-PCR for SNPs-Based Identification of Sumatran Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae): ARMS-PCR SNP Identification of Sumatran Tiger Asrori, Ikrima; Novarino, Wilson; Tjong, Djong Hon; Roesma, Dewi Imelda
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.03

Abstract

The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is a subspecies of tiger classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to poaching and illegal trade. In the law enforcement process, it is very important to ensure that the sample is indeed from a Sumatran tiger. Seized samples from illegal trade cannot be identified based on their morphology because they have been degraded and processed into other forms. Previous studies have reported the use of molecular markers for Sumatran tiger identification, which involve lengthy procedures and analyses. Therefore, for a more effective identification process, faster and more accurate techniques are needed. This study aims to design tetra primers for the identification of Sumatran tiger subspecies, particularly from incomplete confiscated samples, using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. The primers were designed using the Primer1 application and validated in silico with CloneManager and NCBI BLAST, as well as through direct testing on Sumatran tiger blood samples. The design results showed one pair of primers with optimal specifications, producing G allele fragments (452 bp), A allele fragments (408 bp), and internal control fragments (819 bp). Specificity testing results indicated that all samples were Sumatran tigers, with amplification bands at 452 bp and 819 bp. These results demonstrate that the developed tetra-primer ARMS-PCR assay provides a rapid and practical molecular approach for identifying Sumatran tiger samples, particularly for forensic verification of confiscated wildlife materials.
BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 and Its Role of Cell Cycle Regulation in Cancer: BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 In Cell Cycle Regulation Husain, Syarifuddin; Mohamed, Ruzianisra; Abd Halim, Khairul Bariyyah; Mohd Mutalip, Siti Syairah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/16.01.01

Abstract

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, exhibiting both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic roles. It controls the expression and stability of key cell cycle regulators, including cyclin D1, p27, and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), ensuring proper progression through the G1–S checkpoint. Dysregulation of these processes due to altered BAP1 activity can promote uncontrolled proliferation and contribute to tumor progression. This review focuses on the dual roles of BAP1 in cell cycle regulation and highlights how its functional impairment creates vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically exploited. Cyclin D1 is discussed as a potential target to mitigate cell cycle dysregulation driven by BAP1. By emphasizing the molecular mechanisms underlying BAP1 influence on transcriptional programs and protein stability, this work provides insights into strategies for managing malignancies associated with altered BAP1 activity. Mechanistic studies indicate that BAP1 exerts tumor-suppressive effects by interacting with Host Cell Factor-1, Breast Cancer Type 1 Susceptibility protein/BRCA1-Associated RING Domain 1, and KLF5 to maintain proper cell cycle progression. Conversely, BAP1 can exert oncogenic roles in certain cancers by stabilizing KLF5, enhancing cyclin D1 expression, and suppressing p27, thereby promoting proliferation through the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B/Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin and E2F/Retinoblastoma pathways. These findings underscore cyclin D1 as a convergent node of BAP1-mediated regulation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target to restore cell cycle control in malignancies driven by BAP1 dysfunction.
Length-based Assessment of Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) in CilacapWaters, Indonesia: Length-based Assessment of Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) in Cilacap waters, Indonesia Harlyan, Ledhyane Ika; Zulfania, Herlian Putri; Bintoro, Gatut
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/awrryh48

Abstract

Cilacap Regency, Central Java, is a major fishing hub, and tropical shrimp, including Jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), are among the most valuable resources due to their high demand and economic importance. However, penaeid shrimp stocks in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 573, including Cilacap waters, are reported to be overexploited. This study aims to assess the stock status of Metapenaeus affinis in Cilacap waters using length-based stock assessment methods, including the Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) approach, to evaluate exploitation status relative to biological reference points. Sampling was conducted from December 2024 to March 2025, yielding 2,099 individuals collected from the Tegalkamulyan landing site. Biological parameters, including carapace length, body weight, sex, and gonad maturity stage, were analyzed. The results showed a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 1.5887). The length at first capture (Lc = 34.8 mm CL) was lower than the length at first maturity (L50 = 40.8 mm CL), indicating that most individuals are harvested before reproducing. The estimated spawning potential ratio (SPR) was 6%, confirming severe overexploitation. These findings highlight the urgent need for management measures, such as minimum size limits, improved gear selectivity, and seasonal closures, to ensure sustainable use of shrimp resources in Cilacap waters.
Bacterial Consortium Improves Sweet Corn Yield, Stover and Soil: Bacterial Consortium Improves Sweet Corn Yield, Stover and Soil Purwanti, Eny Wahyuning; Sa’diyyah, Iqomatus; Navitasari, Lisa; Waskito, Heru
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.04

Abstract

Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are promising bio-stimulants for sustainable agriculture, enhancing crop growth, nutrient use efficiency, and soil fertility while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers.  This study evaluated an indigenous consortium of Azotobacter vinelandii and Bacillus cereus on sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). The study utilized a completely randomized design with three treatments: control (no PGPR), seed soaking and root drenching, each replicated five times. Growth parameters, yield, kernel quality, stover nutritive value, and soil fertility indicators were measured.  Both PGPR application methods significantly improved plant growth and yield.  Specifically, there was a marked increase in plant height, stem diameter, cob weight, and kernel sweetness (measured in °Brix). Furthermore, the quality of the stover used as animal feed substantially increased, characterized by higher crude protein, dry matter, and total digestible nutrients (TDN), while crude fiber, fat, and ash remained stable. The bacterial consortium successfully enhanced soil health and fertility indicators, including microbial populations, organic carbon content, and available phosphorus. Seed soaking consistently produced superior results compared to root drenching.  The indigenous PGPR consortium proved highly effective as a sustainable bio-stimulant, capable of boosting sweet corn productivity, improving stover feed value, and promoting soil health.  Farmers are advised to apply the consortium via seed soaking to maximize yield and quality while reducing fertilizer dependency, supporting sustainable crop–livestock’s integration.
Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potential of Tridax procumbens Plant Fraction from West Sumatera, Indonesia: Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potential of Tridax procumbens Widyawati; Situmeang, Boima
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.01.10

Abstract

Research on the Gletang plant (Tridax procumbens) is still in its nascent stages and requires further development. The presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and tannins is one of the reasons for the potential possessed by T. procumbens. Our previous study successfully demonstrated the antibacterial activity of leaf, flower, and stem extracts against oral pathogenic bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis. This study introduces a bioactivity guided fractionation approach of Tridax procumbens, integrating phytochemical profiling, antioxidant, and antibacterial evaluations, coupled with LC-MS based compound identification to pinpoint the most active fraction. The fractionation of T. procumbens was carried out using column chromatography. Phytochemical screening tests, total phenolic and total flavonoid content analyses, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity test were conducted for all fractions. The EATF was found to have the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC), with mean values of 16.573 ± 0.04 mg QE/g and 10.993 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was also found in EATP with an IC50 of 5.839 ± 0.100 ppm. Antibacterial activity revealed that the EATP exhibited the best antibacterial activity against S. mutans and E. faecalis. The LC-MS analysis indicated the presence of octaverine, myristyl myristate, phenol, 2,2'-methylenebis(3,5,6-trichloro), and β-carotene in EATP. The findings provide a scientific basis for the development of plant based antibacterial agents targeting oral pathogens, while also supporting the advancement of evidence based phytopharmaceutical applications.

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