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BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Bali Medical Journal (BMJ), P-ISSN 2089-1180, E-ISSN 2302-2914 is an international and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly in print and online by Sanglah General Hospital in collaboration to Indonesian Physician Forum and Indonesian College of Surgeon, Bali-Indonesia which was founded in 2011. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of medical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between medical scholars and practitioners. The Journal welcomes contributions which promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and medical researchers all over the world.
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Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4 No 2 (2015)" : 13 Documents clear
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN FAECAL SAMPLES OF CATS OBTAINED FROM HOUSE OF MATERNAL IN BALI Subrata, I M.; Suryadhi, N. T.; Astawa, N. Mantik; Damriyasa, I M.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic-parasite disease caused by T.gondii that spread in many countries. Recently, this disease is one of the major public health problems associated with severe enocomical and social impacts such as miscarriages, hydrocephalus, blindness and mental retardations. The human parastic infection are closely related with the presence of infected cats around their houses, in which the animals are the definitive host releasing the parasites into the environment via their feces. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation between morphological prevalence and molecular detection of T.gondii in cats feces. Methods: detection of molecular was carried out by applying microscopic and a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A case-control study using 40 maternal with positive serology of T. gondii and 40 maternal with negative serology were selected by purposive sampling method. Similarly, 80 faecal sample of cats were also obtained from each house of the women. The major risk factors considered as the important rule for human toxoplasmosis such as age, education, occupation, contact with soil, cat’s age, un-owned cats and oocyst-positive feces were determined by questionnaire. Results: The epidemiological analysis showed that the highest risk factor was oocyst-positive feces (OR= 8.143; p= 0.003), followed by education (OR= 3.414; p=0.045), contact with soil (OR= 2.255; p= 0.073), un -owned cats (OR= 2.25; p= 0.210), age (OR=2.23; p=0.074), occupation (OR= 1.556; p= 0.348) and cat’s age (OR= 1.138; p= 0.799). However, the pregnant women with serologically positive to T. gondii had a very high probability of miscarriages (OR= 18.857; p= 0.0001) compared to whom with serologically negative. Moreover, logistic regression model analysis revealed that only oocyst-positive feces and education contributed a significant factor in causing toxoplasmosis among pregnant women. Microscopic observation of 80 faecal samples indicated that only 14 (17.5%) contained typical oocyst of T. gondii. All of the 8 oocyst of T. gondii positive-faecal samples were further confirmed with PCR, and we found that 4 (50%) were positive. Conclusion: This study concluded that the presence of oocyst-positive feces in the environment in conjuction with education level were considered to play significant contribution to the accident of toxoplamosis in pregnant women.
ROLE OF MELATONIN IN EXPRESSION OF MALONDIALDEHYDE ON MICROGLIA CELLS OF RAT INDUCED HEAD INJURY Nasution, Khairul Iksan
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: brain injury is condition that harm human life. This study examines the application of melatonin in reducing oxidant status and barriers to the formation of cerebral edema in a rat brain injury model. The main purpose of this study is to prove the role of melatonin on the expression of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and histological injury in a rat head injury model. Methods: This study was a randomized experimental posttest only control group design. This experimental was carried out on male Sprague Dawley strain Rattus novergicus, aged of 10-12 weeks, and weight of 300 g. Rat brain injury model was performed based on Marmarou (1994).1 Histology were observed using hematoxilen-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry, MDA was assessed using antibodies specific to each MDA protein. Observation and calculation of immunohistochemistry studies were also performed. Results: In this study, histological observation area covers an area of bleeding, number of immune-competent cells and the diameter of the arteries. Histology observation results showed that there is a significant reduction in diameter of arterial blood vessels of the brain injury tissue. Immunohisto-chemistry results showed that there is a significant reduction of MDA expression amount microglia cells of brain injury tissue. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that Melatonin is a potent hydrogen peroxide scavenger that reduce the production of MDA.
POLYMORPHISM OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR REGIO PROMOTER C(-634)G AS A RISK FACTOR OF BALINESE TYPE-2 DIABETIC RETINOPATHY Mas-Putrawati, A. A.; Bakta, M.; Suastika, K.; Muhiddin, H. S. Habiba; Niti Susila, N. K.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications on diabetic mellitus (DM) patient as a micro vascular retina disorder which caused by a long term of hyperglycemia. This is one of the blindness causes in the world. This research aims to find out Polymorphism of VEGFC(-634)G gene as a risk factor of DR on the Balinese with DM type-2 (DMT2). Method: This study is applying two designs, analytical cross sectional and case control. The case is DMT2 patient with DR(+), DMT2 without DR as control. The sequencing technique was performed to evaluate polymorphism and plasma VEGF levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Cross sectional study (hospital based) came out with quite high number of DR, 57 people of 97 study samples. This study shows the existence of genetic variation on Gen VEGF C(-634)G, with most often genotype of CG (51.5%). Polymorphism C(-634)G as the risk factor of DR (OR=1.815 CI-95%= 1.077-3.057, p=0.025), and high level of VEGF were also significant (QR=3.75 , CI-95% 1.34-10.20, p=0.008). VEGF level with genotype of CG, CC and GG, not found any difference (p=0.245). Logistic regression shows that the most influential variable as the risk factor of DR is VEGF level (p= 0.007), polymorphism gen VEGF C(-634)G (p=0.022) and systolic blood pressure (p=0.023). Conclusions: Polymorphism of VEGF C(-634)G gene and high level of VEGF as the risk factor of DR, and can be used as a reference in handling early stage of DR patient to prevent blindness.
SPILANTHES ACMELLA AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE INCREASED TESTOSTERONE LEVELS AND OSTEOBLAST CELLS IN GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS MALE MICE Laswati, Hening; Subadi, Imam; Widyowati, Retno; Agil, Mangestuti; Pangkahila, Jahya Alex
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is leading cause of secondary osteoporosis by decreasing formation activity and increasing resorption activity. Spilanthes acmella, is one of Indonesia medicinal plants that contain of polyphenol and flavonoids. Previously in vitro study showed that buthanol and water fraction from this plant have increased alkaline phosphatase that known as marker of bone formation. The objective of this study to analyze the effect of Spilanthes acmella and physical exercise in increasing testosterone and osteoblast cells of femoral’s trabecular glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis male mice. Method: This study using a posttest control group design, 36 male healthy mice (5 months old) were randomizely devided into 6 groups, there are : 1.Healthy control group (without induction dexamethaxone), 2.Osteoporosis groups (induction with dexamethaxone without treatment), 3.Positive control receive suspension alendronat, 4.70% Ethanol extract of Spilanthes acmella group, 5.Combination group of 70% extract ethanol of Spilanthes acmella and exercise, and 6.Exercise group (walking using mice treadmill 10m/minute, 5-12 minutes 3 times a week). All of the intervention were given for 4 weeks. The serum levels of testosterone were determined using immunoserology (ELISA) and osteoblast cells were determined histomorphometry by light microscopy. All statistical test were carried out using SPSS 23 and statistical significance was set at p
PENTAMETHYLCARBOXYLATE RUTHENOCENE BASED ANTITUMOUR AGENT Wahjuni, Sri; Puspawati, Ni Made; Williams, Michel
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Unlike iron ruthenium is not an essential element for life. However, the behavior of ruthenium compounds in biological systems and, in particular their use as antitumour agents has attracted much attention recently. This study aims to determine antitumour properties against human tumour cell line HeLa of pentamethylcarboxylate ruthenocene. Methods: This is an in vitro study by applying an experimental within post only control group design. Cisplatin, a clinical used medicine was applied for control. The human tumour cell line Hela was used for the test. The cells were cultured at 370C in 5% CO2/air in Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium 1640 and seeded overnight in 96 well microtitre plates. The penthamethylcarboxylate ruthenocene was dissolved in 1,2 dimethoxy ethane and diluted with culture media. The plates were assays by measuring optical density in the range of 490-655 nm. The D37 values were then calculated. Results: The pentamethylcarboxylate ruthenocene compound tested was found to be more cytotoxic than cisplatin (with D37 = 422 nM compare to D37 = 705 nM for cisplatin). Conclusions: The compound tested, pentamethylcarboxylate ruthenocene was found more potent as an antitumor compare to cisplatin a clinical used antitumor for curing testicular carcinoma.
CHANGES OF mRNA CASPASE-3 AFTER FIRST CYCLE OF CHEMOTHERAPY AS BIOMARKER ASSOCIATE TO CHEMOTHERAPY NEGATIVE RESPONSE IN LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CANCER Widiana, I. K.; Manuaba, I. B. T. Wibawa; Kawiyana, K. Siki; Yasa, I W. P. Sutirta
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Problems caused by behaviour of biology molecular in locally advanced breast cancer still unpredictable. This study aims to identify the mRNA caspase-3 as a predictive biomarker associated to chemotherapy sensitivity following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Methods: Open biopsy before and core biopsy after first cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy of 62 locally advanced breast cancer patients was analysed for mRNA caspase-3 by Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and this was correlate with response to NAC using American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) creteria. Results: The total mean of mRNA caspase-3 expression before chemotherapy was 12.51±3.03 and after chemotherapy was 11.64±3.13. Negative response to chemotherapy was 44 (70.96%) and positive response was 18 (29.03%). The result of data with Phi and Cramer’s V analysed showed that decrease of mRNA caspase-3 after chemotherapy first cycle as a risk factor to chemotherapy negative response in patients with locally advanced breast cancer was significantly (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Decrease of mRNA caspase-3 after chemotherapy first cycle correlated with chemotherapy negative response in patients with lacally advanced breast cancer.
THERAPEUTIC MILD HYPOTHERMIA TOWARDS BLOOD LACTATE LEVELS AND GLASGOW COMA SCORE IN SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Pardamean, D. T.; Prasetyo, E.; Oley, M.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Raised body temperature is a common occurrence after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is accompanied by regional alterations of brain metabolism, reduction in metabolic rates and possible energy crisis. This metabolic disturbance reflected by increase and accumulation of the brain lactate levels. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of therapeutic mild hypotermia (TMH) on lactate levels and GCS (Glasgow Coma Score) of severe TBI. Methods: Fourthy patients with TBI were randomly divided into normothermia (n=20) and mild hypothermia (n=20) group. Body temperature of hypothermia group was maintained at 35°C for 72 hours. Blood lactate level and GCS were determined before and after hypothermia therapy ( on 3th and 7th day). Results: The mean lactate {5.370 vs 4.025 mmol/L, p
PEUTZ JEGHERS SYNDROME PRESENTING WITH ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION: A RARE CASE REPORT WITH REVIEW OF LITERATURES Hota, P. K.; Reddy, G. Narasimha; Rajasekhar, G.; Mohan, C. Nalini
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare genetic disorder presenting in young age with mucocutaneous pigmentation and hamartomatous polyposis. Method: We report a case of PeutzJeghers syndrome in a 16 year old boy presenting with acute intestinal obstruction. Results: Imaging studies revealed intussusception. He had mucocutaneous pigmentation and multiple hamartomatous polyps which were diagnosed histologically. The unusual presentation of the case and its successful management has prompted us to report the case with literature review.
THE ROLE OF GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS AND TUBULAR ATROPHY AS DETERMINING FACTOR FOR REDUCED KIDNEY FUNCTION IN KIDNEY STONE DISEASE Oka, A. A. G.; Widiana, I G. Raka
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Kidney fibrosis including glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) or tubular atrophy (TA) may be predictor of kidney dysfunction. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a common laboratory examination to estimate the kidney function. The aim of this research is to determine relationship between histologic features namely glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubular atrophy (TA), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney stone disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a total of the 63 patients with kidney stone consisted of 25 (39.7 %) males and 38 (60.3 %) females, aged (51 ± 11 years), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 16 (8-62) mg/dl, serum creatinine 1.26 ( 0.47- 6.76 ) mg/dl and eGFR 61.4 ± 32.1 ml/min. Histologic features showed GS index 6 (0-30) and TA index 892 ± 333. There was significant correlation between eGFR and GS index dan TA index(r -0,577; p=0.001 and 0,514;p = 0,001, consecutively). Multivariate regresion equations were eLFG = 67,21 -1.63 (GS index) and eLFG = 67,21 + 0,01 (TA index). Estimated GFR may be used as a marker of glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy in obstructive nephropathy of kidney stone patients.
ANNUAL BALI INTERNATIONAL COMBINED CLINICAL MEETING Svigos, John
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: This valuable collaboration between Adelaide and Bali was first convened by Prof. I G. Surya, the late Prof. Made Kornia and Associate Prof. John Svigos in May 2011 at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali-Indonesia. This is a three day clinical meeting consisting of a daily Plenary Session for formal presentations running along with a Concurrent Session predominantly for “hands on” and interactive teaching. The meeting has a multidisciplinary focus which is in tune with contemporary Maternal Fetal Medicine practice and consists of obstetricians, midwives, neonatologists and obstetric anaesthetists from both cities sharing their respective experiences. From an initial modest meeting with 80 registrants this has now grown to over 300 registrants in 2015. A fourth day was trialed in 2014 in which a Field Day was incorporated into the program and enabled the overseas participants to gain some first hand experience in the workings of an orphanage (Anak Anak Bali Kids), a midwife obstetric unit (Bumi Sehat) and a level two hospital (Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar). Further Field Days are anticipated at future meetings. The Visiting Faculty from Australia are predominantly from the Women’s and Children’s Hospital with input from The Lyell McEwin Hospital both in Adelaide, The Royal North Shore Hospital and the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and the King Edward Memorial Hospital in Perth. The broader strategic aspects of the collaboration have seen the rotation of three MFM Trainees from the Trigonum (Denpasar, Surabaya and Malang) through Adelaide for two months in 2011 and 2012 as part of their MFM training. Unfortunately AusAID funding has not been forthcoming for further rotations to occur but in 2016 a multidisciplinary group from Sanglah General Hospital will be making a one week visit to the Women’s and Children’s Hospital as a forerunner to further visits. Meantime the collaborations with the Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya and the Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang are being further strengthened with members of the Visiting Faculty also visiting the MFM units at these hospitals prior to the BICCM. The Convenors for the 2016 BICCM meeting in May will be Dr. Ryan Mulyana assisted by Dr Jaya Kusuma, Feto Maternal Division, Sanglah General Hospital and Dr Rosalie Grivell assisted by Associate Prof John Svigos, MFM Service, Women’s and Children’s Hospital.

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