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INDONESIA
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23033371     EISSN : 26559994     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology provides a unique venue for publishing original researches in biosciences and biotechnology, and ensures that authors could reach the widest possible audience. It publishes both full-length articles and short communications on all aspects of biotechnology and biosciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3 No 1 (2015)" : 7 Documents clear
DETECTION METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE GENE IMP-1 AND IMP-2 OF Pseudomonas aeruginosa CLINICAL ISOLATES IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL BALI Ni Made Adi Tarini; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati; I Putu Bayu Mayura
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen frequently found as an agent of Hospital Acquired infections. This bacterium is very easy to be resistant to several types of antibiotics through various mechanisms. Carbapenem such as Imipenem and Meropenem is a potential option for the therapy of this bacterium, but unfortunately P. aeruginosa has ability in hydrolyzing these antibiotics through enzyme metallo-?-lactamases (MBLs). Recently, IMP and VIM, MBLs enzyme group are reported common from various countries, but no data is reported for these enzymes in Indonesia especially in Bali. In fact, the resistant data of P. aeruginosa against carbapenem group antibiotics such as meropenem and imipenem is quite high in Sanglah General Hospital in 2014 was 35% and 45% respectively. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect IMP-1 and IMP-2 genes of MDR P. aeruginosa, which are phenotypically resistant to the antibiotic Imipenem and Meropenem disks based on CLSI standards in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Eighty-six isolates were isolated from sputum (25 / 29.1%), wound (25 / 29.1%), urine (15 / 17.4%),endotracheal Tube (11 / 12.8), pus (6/7% ), blood (3 / 3.5%) and tissue (1 / 1.1%). In this study, all isolates were subjected to PCR for detection of IMP-1 and IMP-2. The result showed that 9 isolates were positive IMP-1 gene (10.5%), but there was no isolate positive for IMP-2 gene. The result was similar with that of the other countries, especially for the gene IMP-1. Detection and molecular characterization of MBL-producing P. aeruginosa strains are very important for infection control purposes. Currently, this study is still continued for detection of another MBL genes.
PHENOTYPIC, GENOTYPIC CHARACTERS AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SEEDLESS WANI (Mangivera caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali) (A Review) I Nyoman Rai; Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya; Gede Wijana; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; Ngurah Gede Astawa; Ni Komang Alit Astiari
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

The diversity of Mangivera caesia Jack (Balinese name: wani) in Bali was quite high. Based on the morphological characters of the fruit, 22 cultivars had been explored in the previous research (Rai et al., 2008). One of the most superior cultivar among those and very potential to be commercially developed was seedless wani (M. caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali). The cultivar had specific properties that were not possessed by the others. Ninety (90) % of the total fruits produced were seedless, while the remaining (10%) has small seed. Beside that, this seedless cultivar had thick flesh, very attractive skin color (glossy yellowish green), uniformity on the size and shape of fruits, a distinctive aroma, sweet, tasty, and highly nutritious. The results of RAPD analysis of 10 wani cultivars grown in Bali showed that this seedless cultivar (Ngumpen) was grouped in to different cluster, a part from others. In comparison with 4 seeded cultivars of wani, Ngumpen cultivar had a similar nutrient content, however, it had greater fiber and a greater percentage of edible part. We concluded that the Ngumpen cultivar was a specific and unique germplasm so that should be preserved and protected.
THE POPULATION SUCCESSION PATTERNS OF CABBAGE MAIN PEST Plutella xylostella L. AND Crocidolomia pavonana Fab AT CABBAGE PLANTATION Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi; I Wayan Supartha; I Nyoman Wijaya; Pudjianto Pudjianto
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate the population dynamics of the cabbage insect pests, Plutella xylostella and Crocidolomia pavonana under natural conditions. The population succession patterns of both pests were determined by observing the abundance of their population on a regular basis from the beginning to the end of the planting season. Understanding the population succession patterns of P. xylostella and C. pavonana will give an idea the shifting time by both pests on attacking the crops, therefore on deciding the time of controlling. The population succession patterns occur in 8 weeks of planting season. P. xylostella dominated the cabbage plants when they were 1-5 weeks after planting (WAP), but when the cabbage plants were more than 5 weeks old they were dominated by C pavonana.
PHYTOREMEDIATION OF MERCURY CONTAMINATED SOILS IN A SMALL SCALE ARTISANAL GOLD MINING REGION OF INDONESIA Kokyo Oh; Sachiko Takahi; Sri Wedhastri; Hardita Librasanti Sudarmawan; Retno Rosariastuti; Irfan Dwidya Prijambada
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

In the small gold mining regions of Indonesia, the tailings or waste water containing mercury commonly may be released into agricultural lands resultimg soil contamination. Phytoremediation is a low-cost and environmental friendly alternative to traditional techniques such as soil heating, soil removal, and soil washing. In this study, a sweet sorghum combined with the inoculation of a rhizobacteria, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, was tested in a field experiment with mercury contaminated soil from a small scale gold mining. Plant growth, uptake and accumulation of mercury by the sweet sorghum, and effects of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculation on mercury accumulation were investigated. The average of mercury content in the soil was 3.76 mg/kg. The results showed that the sorghum grew well, and the inoculation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens promoted the plant growth, but did not increased the mercury concentration in both root and stem parts of the sorghum. The accumulation of mercury was 6.2?/plant for sorghum without Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and 14.0?/plant for sorghum with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. It was estimated that the phytoremediation efficiency of mercury was 414 and 934 mg/ha for sweet sorghum without Agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculation and with Agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculation, respectively.
AGARWOOD PRODUCING FUNGAL INOCULANT FORMULATION IN KETIMUNAN TREE (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) I Made Mega; Dewa Ketut Suanda; Desak Nyoman Kasniari; I Gede Ketut Susrama
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

This study aimed to find out the agarwood producing fungal inoculant formulation that infect Ketimunan tree (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) effectively and resulted in high quality of agarwood. Randomized Completely Block Design was applied in this study with formulation of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculant in liquid and solid form were combined as treatments. Treatments were: solid Fusarium solani inoculant, solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of solid Fusarium solani inoculant and solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, liquid Fusarium solani inoculant, liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of liquid Fusarium solani inoculant and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, and mixture of solid and liquid of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculants. There are three replicates for each treatment. Parameters measured were level of fragrance, agarwood color, and its resin content. The result showed that all formulations affected resin content significantly compared to control of agarwood. Mixture of liquid Fusarium solani and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant showed the best quality agarwood with quality characteristics: brownish black or agarwood with black and brownish black color, very strong fragrance, and with 13.58% resin content.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF OVARIAN FOLLICLE CELLS AND CORPUS LUTEUM OF MICE (Mus musculus) SWISS WEBSTER GIVEN Leucaena leucocephala LEAF EXTRACT Ngurah Intan Wiratmini; Ni Wayan Sudatri; Iriani Setyawati
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Leucaena leucocephala leaf extract on the development of ovarian follicle cells of mice (Mus musculus). Twenty four female mice, 10 weeks old, were divided into 4 groups. The control group (P0) were given 0.9% NaCl and the treatment group P1, P2 and P3 were given 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/ kg bw of Leucaena leaf extract, respectively. The treatments were administered daily for 15 days by gavage. After the treatment ended, all mice were dissected to collect the ovaries. Histological preparation of the ovaries used paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Observations were made on the number of primary, secondary, and tertiary oocytes, and also De Graaf follicles and corpus luteum. Data were statistically analyzed using One Way ANOVA method. The results showed there were no significantly differences (P>0.05) on the number of primary, secondary, and tertiary oocytes, as well as De Graaf follicles and corpus luteum among the control and treatment groups. The mimosine content of Leucaena leaf extract was 0.87% (less than 1%) so it could not inhibit the secretion of Follicle Stimulating hormone by the pituitary gland. The doses of Leucaena leaf extract used in this research did not significantly affect the follicles development of mice ovaries. In this study, the mimosine content of Leucaena leaf extract decreased 91.8%.
DETECTION OF CITRUS VEIN PHLOEM DEGENERATION (CVPD) DISEASE BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) AND PROTEIN ANALYSIS USING SDS PAGE (A Review) I Gede Putu Wirawan; Ketut Srie Marhaeni Julyasih
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Citrus Vein Phloem degeneration (CVPD) is the most important disease and a major cause of yield loss citrus plantations in almost all countries, especially Asia and Africa. CVPD disease is caused by gram negative bacteria, Liberobacter asiaticum L. Pathogens can not be cultured in vitro, but can be detected by PCR using 16S rDNA fragment as a primer and by electron microscopy. The use of PCRusing specific primer pair can detect infected plants more accurately. Citrus plant that infected by CVPD disease contain a very specific protein that produced by the pathogen. The specific protein molecules can be detected by comparing the protein bands of infected citrus plants and the healthy one which have molecular weight of approximately 16 kDa and 66 kDa, whereas in healthy citrus plant that protein molecule was not found.

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