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Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25023012     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/JBETA.2025.v13.i02
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) memuat hasil penelitian di bidang teknik biosistem (biosystem engineering). Cakupan dari jurnal ini merentang dari aplikasi ilmu keteknikan untuk pertanian. Diantara bidang ilmu tersebut, yang menjadi fokus adalah Bidang Manajemen Keteknikan Pertanian, Teknologi Pascapanen khususnya produk Hortikultura, Rekayasa dan Ergonomika, Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, serta khusus tentang aplikasi Instrumentasi dan Sistem kontrol dalam bidang pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 740 Documents
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Prototipe Alat Penyemai Otomatis Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa L.) Pada Media Tanam Rockwool Kadek Gandhi Juniartha; I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya; Ni Nyoman Sulastri; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jbeta.2026.v14.i01.p07

Abstract

Pertanian modern semakin membutuhkan otomatisasi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan efesiensi. Salah satu tanaman bernilai ekonomis tinggi yang banyak dibudidayakan adalah pakcoy, dengan median tanam seperti rockwol yang mendukung pertumbuhan seragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji kinerja prototipe alat penyemai otomatis benih pakcoy pada media tanam rockwool dengan berfokus pada efektivitas, efisiensi, dan akurasi. Alat ini dirancang untuk menanam sebanyak 91 benih dalam satu siklus penanaman dengan ukuran rockwool 26 cm x 15 cm x 2 cm. Alat ini mampu menanam 13 benih secara serentak dan melakukan perulangan sebanyak 7 kali untuk satu siklus. Pada penanaman benih ini terdapat 6 unit dalam melakukan penanaman serentak ini antara lain wadah benih, unit kontrol, pengumpan benih, penggerak rockwool, jalur dan pelubang rockwool serta pembersih pengumpan. Benih pakcoy yang digunakan berkisar 1 mm hingga 3 mm. Alat ini memiliki basis mikrokontroler berupa arduino mega dan CNCshield v3,motor Servo MG996R dan motor Stepper Nema 17 sebagai penggerak serta Limit Switch sebagai sensor perubah logika. Hasil pengujian menunjukan tingkat keberhasilan penyemai rata-rata 86,81%, waktu satu siklus 2 menit 38 detik, dan penempatan benih yang akurat dengan deviasi +1mm. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa alat semai otomatis ini memiliki kinerja yang baik dan memiliki efektivitas, efesiensi dan akurasi dalam mendukung semai tanaman pakcoy. Inovasi ini diharapkan memiliki potensi untuk diterapkan dalam skala lebih besar guna meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian modern di Indonesia.
Analisis Kinerja Rantai Pasok Produk Kubis Menggunakan SCOR dan BSC di Pusat Distribusi Tiara Dewata Adevia Candra; I Made Supartha Utama; I Wayan Tika
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 2 (2026): INPRESS
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2026.v14.i01.p08

Abstract

Abstrak Distribusi produk hortikultura seperti kubis menghadapi tantangan besar akibat sifatnya yang mudah rusak dan memiliki umur simpan pendek. Dalam praktik distribusi ritel modern, ketidakefisienan dalam proses logistik, fluktuasi pasokan dari petani, dan lemahnya sistem rantai dingin (cold chain) kerap menyebabkan penurunan mutu dan meningkatnya food loss. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja rantai pasok distribusi kubis di Pusat Distribusi Gudang Fresh Food dengan pendekatan terintegrasi Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR), Balanced Scorecard (BSC), dan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Model SCOR digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi indikator operasional utama, yaitu: Keandalan Pengiriman (Delivery Reliability), Waktu Respon (Responsiveness Lead Time), Siklus Pesanan (Order Cycle Time), Perputaran Persediaan (Inventory Turnover), dan Biaya Distribusi (Distribution Cost). Selanjutnya, kerangka BSC mengelompokkan indikator tersebut ke dalam perspektif strategis: keuangan, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal, serta pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan. Prioritas antar indikator dianalisis menggunakan metode AHP melalui penilaian berpasangan oleh para pakar. Hasil pada Pusat Distribusi Gudang Fresh Food menunjukkan bahwa keandalan pengiriman (0,470) dan waktu respon (0,262) merupakan indikator paling krusial, yang menunjukkan pentingnya kecepatan dan kepastian layanan dalam meminimalkan kerusakan dan meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Nilai rasio konsistensi (CR) sebesar 0,024 membuktikan keandalan hasil penilaian AHP. Kerangka integratif SCOR–BSC–AHP ini memberikan sistem evaluasi kinerja yang menyeluruh dan terstruktur, menjembatani data operasional dengan wawasan strategis.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI POMPA IRIGASI UNTUK MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN AIR DI DESA BELANCAN KINTAMANI I Made Candra Adhi Pramana; Yohanes Setiyo; I Wayan Widia
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jbeta.2026.v14.i01.p03

Abstract

Irrigation systems are a key factor in supporting agricultural productivity, especially in hilly areas such as Belancan Village, Kintamani. Meeting water needs in this area relies heavily on water pumps. This study aims to analyze the energy requirements of pumps used to meet the water needs of crops in the agricultural fields of Belancan Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, Bali Province. The research method used quantitative analysis through observation and several interviews with 8 respondents to collect technical data on pumps (power, capacity, efficiency), topographical data (elevation of water sources and land), and water requirement data based on the types of crops cultivated. Calculations were performed using irrigation water requirement formulas (ETc and Kc of crops) and pump energy analysis based on total head, discharge, and system efficiency. The results of the study showed that the ETo value in Belancan Village based on the FAO Penman-Monteith calculation was 4 mm/day. The ETc values of several farmers who own irrigation pumps are 4.40 to 1.20 mm/day, while the water requirement for coffee (0.083–0.116 l/s/ha), orange (0.065-0.07 l/s/ha), cabbage (0.010-0.063 l/s/ha), potato (0.167-0.22 l/s/ha), tomato (0.130-0.236 l/s/ha), and avocado (0.333-0.433 l/s/ha). Based on Bernoulli's equation, the pump power (P1-P2)/(ρ.g) is 67.95 to 98.11 m O.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pemupuk Otomatis Pada Tanmaan Kangkung Safira Nur Anggraini; I Putu Surya Wirawan; I Gusti Ketut Arya Arthawan
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jbeta.2026.v14.i01.p02

Abstract

The development of agricultural technology enables the application of microcontroller-based systems to support crop cultivation, including fertilization. In practice, farmers often don’t follow recommended fertilization schedules, causing delays that reduce optimal plant growth, and fertilization still done manually by taking fertilizer from a container and spreading it onto the growing media, making the process dependent on human labor. Water spinach selected as the research object because its uniform stem and leaf structure support consistent pot positioning. Study aims design, build, test an automatic fertilizing device for water spinach, with the research limited to developing and validating the device’s functional performance without automatic dose measurement. The research methods include hardware and software design. The hardware consists of the device frame, an ESP32 as the main controller, an L298N motor driver, an ultrasonic sensor for pot detection, a servo motor for opening the fertilizer outlet, and a DC motor to rotate the impeller for fertilizer distribution. The software was developed using the Arduino IDE with a control system accessed through a local web server, allowing users to adjust detection distance, motor speed, servo angle, and number of pots. Test results show that the device operates as designed, successfully detecting pots, activating the servo, and running the DC motor. The device dispenses approximately ±0.62 g of fertilizer with an 80% success rate across five pots in two repetitions, indicating that integrating the ESP32, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, and DC motor can support the development of an automatic fertilization system for water spinach plants.
PENGARUH RASIO KONSENTRASI KITOSAN DAN Na-TPP TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KARAKTERISTIK MUTU FILLET IKAN KAKAP PUTIH SELAMA PENYIMPANAN Yohanes Marvin Sina Du'a; I Wayan Widia; Mentari Kinasih
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jbeta.2026.v14.i01.p06

Abstract

Abstrak Penurunan mutu fillet ikan kakap putih selama penyimpanan, yang terutama disebabkan oleh aktivitas mikroba, memerlukan penerapan metode pengawetan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Edible Coating nanokitosan dalam mempertahankan mutu dan memperpanjang umur simpan fillet selama 12 hari pada suhu dingin. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi nanokitosan, yaitu B1 (2,5 ml), B2 (5 ml), dan B3 (7,5 ml) dengan pengulangan sebanyak dua kali dan sampel disimpan pada suhu dingin 4℃ . Hasil penelitian terhadap parameter kualitas seperti kadar air, tekstur, pH, total plate count (TPC), dan total volatile base (TVB) menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi nanokitosan berpengaruh signifikan dalam menghambat kerusakan. Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan B3 (7,5) menunjukkan hasil terbaik. Hasil ini ditandai dengan kestabilan kadar air , nilai pH yang lebih rendah, tekstur yang lebih baik, serta penekanan pertumbuhan mikroba yang tercermin dari nilai TPC dan TVB yang lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan fillet tanpa pelapisan (kontrol). Hal ini tserlihat dari parameter akhir pada perlakuan B3, yaitu pH sebesar 6,07, TPC 3,5 × 10⁴ CFU/g, dan TVB-N 22,34 mg/100 g. Abstract The decline in the quality of white snapper fillets during storage, which is mainly caused by microbial activity, requires the application of effective preservation methods. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Edible Coating nanokitosan in maintaining quality and extending the shelf life of fillets for 12 days at cold temperatures. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three variations in nanokitosan concentration, namely B1 (2.5 ml), B2 (5 ml), and B3 (7.5 ml) with two replicates, and the samples were stored at a cold temperature of 4℃. The results of the study on quality parameters such as moisture content, texture, pH, total plate count (TPC), and total volatile base (TVB) showed that the application of nanokitosan had a significant effect in inhibiting spoilage. Overall, treatment B3 (7.5) showed the best results. These results were characterized by stable moisture content, lower pH values, better texture, and suppressed microbial growth, as reflected in significantly lower TPC and TVB values compared to uncoated fillets (control). This is evident from the final parameters in treatment B3, namely pH of 6.07, TPC of 3.5 × 10⁴ CFU/g, and TVB-N of 22.34 mg/100 g.
Analisis Kualitatif Kematangan serta Karakteristik Organoleptik Kompos Takakura Hasil Pemanfaatan Limbah Domestik dan Sisa Ritual di Bali Muliarta I Nengah; Sri Rahayu Ni Ketut
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 2 (2026): INPRESS
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rapid economic and tourism growth in Denpasar, Bali, has significantly increased the volume of domestic waste, most of which is organic. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Takakura composting method in processing three types of household organic waste—kitchen waste, garden waste, and canang (ritual) waste—and to assess compost quality based on physical parameters and organoleptic evaluation. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, using observation, interviews, documentation, and measurement of temperature, pH, moisture content, color, texture, and odor. The results showed that kitchen waste decomposed the fastest, reaching maturity within approximately 30 days, characterized by dark brown color, crumbly texture, neutral odor, and stable pH (6.5–7.0). Garden waste required around 45 days due to its high lignocellulosic content, while canang waste required 60–75 days because of its dry, fibrous structure and low nitrogen content. Organoleptic evaluation indicated that kitchen waste compost achieved the highest maturity level, followed by garden waste, while canang waste showed the lowest performance. The effectiveness of the Takakura method is strongly influenced by moisture content, C/N ratio, material characteristics, and aeration. Overall, the method is suitable for household-scale waste management as it is simple, environmentally friendly, and capable of producing good-quality compost. However, fibrous and low-moisture materials require additional treatment to optimize decomposition.
Organic Fertilizer Granulator for Urban Farming: High Efficiency and Simple I Made Mickey Yogi Ajna Karuna; Yohanes Setiyo; I Putu Surya Wirawan; Radi
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 2 (2026): INPRESS
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Solid organic fertilizers derived from livestock manure are rich in macro- and micro-nutrients essential for plant growth and soil health. Despite their nutritional value, commercially available powders pose challenges in handling, storage, and uniform field application, leading to inefficiencies in nutrient delivery and increased labor costs. To address this, developing a dedicated granulation machine is crucial for transforming powders into durable, easy-to-apply granules. The primary objective of this research was to design, construct, and evaluate a laboratory-scale granulation machine that processes solid organic fertilizer into granules compliant with SNI 7763:2024 standards, particularly targeting optimal granule sizes of 2-5 mm for enhanced usability. The machine incorporates a rotating granulation tube where centrifugal force of granulator’s unit is 31.31 N, moment of inertia of granulator’s unit is 1.27 kg.m2, and friction 3.71 N with the granulator unit, and rotational energy bind the material. Performance testing focused on working capacity (kg/h) and operational efficiency (%), varied by granulation tube speed and input mass of a 1:1 solid organic fertilizer-tapioca mixture. Key parameters included rotational speeds influencing granule formation dynamics. Results demonstrated capacities of  kg/h at higher speeds,  kg/h at medium, and  kg/h at lower, with peak efficiency of 98.76 ± 0.3% and ideal 2-4.75 mm granules at 22.66 RPM. These outcomes confirm the machine's reliability .In conclusion, the prototype excels at producing SNI 7763:2024-compliant granules with excellent success rates. Recommended operation at  RPM optimizes output for practical agricultural use, paving the way for scalable organic fertilizer production.
Tingkat Kerusakan Kentang Bibit Pada Lama Getaran Menggunakan Frekuensi 2,2 Hz I Komang Trisna Mahendra; Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja; Yohanes Setiyo
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Inpress
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2026.v14.i01.p01

Abstract

Distribution of agricultural products through land transportation often causes vibrations that have the potential to reduce product quality, especially for perishable commodities such potatoes. Efforts to evaluate the impact of these vibrations were carried out through the use of a vibrating table as a simulation tool. This study aims to determine the level of potato damage at a vibration frequency of 2.2 Hz. The vibrating table was designed using an angle iron frame with a v-belt pulley transmission systemthat allows for variations in vibration speed and frequency. Four pulley combinations were tested in stages, namely A (70 mm; 374 rpm), B (200 mm; 130.89 rpm), C (70 mm; 374 rpm), and D (300 mm; 87.27 rpm). The test was carried out by placing a carton 7 kg of seed potatoes with a total of 126 pieces on the vibrating table and it with varying times of 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The parameters observed included the physical condition of the after the test. The results show that using a vibration frequencyof 2.2 Hz, namely the condition of the that were given vibration for 1 hour only shifted 10 pieces and there was no damage, vibration for 2 hours only 20 pieces shifted and there was no damage, and for 3 hours 28 potatoes shifted and 2 experienced physical damage such as bruising. The conclusion is that using a frequency of 2.2 Hz there were 2 potatoes bruising damage, the percentage of potato damage was 1.59%
Kelayakan Usaha Alat Tangkap Saung Sirib di Pesisir Selatan Tasikmalaya Ilham Sudrajat; Gillang Fernando
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 14 No 2 (2026): INPRESS
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Both large and small-scale fishing play a vital role in supporting the economies of coastal communities. However, feasibility studies on the saung sirib fishing gear which is significantly larger than the similar lift net gear studied here are still rare. This study aims to assess the business feasibility of the saung sirib fishing gear on the southern coast of Tasikmalaya through technical and economic approaches. Data were collected through observations and interviews with 26 of the 34 identified units. The technical analysis was conducted descriptively, while the economic analysis used investment feasibility indicators such as NPV, IRR, Net B/C Ratio, and PP with a discount rate of 6%. The results show that the saung sirib is easy to operate, uses readily available materials, and yields a stable catch throughout the year. Economically, this business generates an NPV of Rp. 21,272,101, an IRR of 37%, a Net B/C Ratio of 4.99, and a PP of 0.32 years, indicating high feasibility supported by low investment costs and operational efficiency. These findings confirm that the saung sirib is a viable and adaptive alternative for capture fisheries, while also serving as a basis for investment decisions by fishermen and for the management of fishing gear by policymakers.
Pengaruh Nano-emulsi Minyak Wijen dan Sereh sebagai Edible Coating terhadap Karakteristik Fisiko-Kimia dan Sensoris Pasca Panen Wortel (Daucus carota L) Hardiano Tarigan; I Made Supartha Utama; I Putu Surya Wirawan; Ni Made Defy Janurianti
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p01

Abstract

Carrot (Daucuscarota L)isa type of vegetablethatduringstorageeasily experiencesquality deterioration which is the cause of high shrinkage. This study aims to determine the effect of sesame and lemongrass oil nanoemulsion concentration as edible coating on the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of carrots during postharvest. This study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was sesame oil (W) which consisted of three concentration levels, namely: 0%, 0.5% and 1% and the second factor was lemongrass oil (S) which consisted of three concentration levels, namely: 0%, 0.5% and 1%.The study was repeated twice resulting in 18 experimental units. The results showed that in general, sesame and lemongrass oil nano-emulsion significantly affected the weight loss, bulb hardness, collor diference, total soluble solids, vitamin A, and sensory value of carrots during storage. The treatment of 1% sesame oil concentration and 0.5% lemongrass (W2S1) as nano-emulsion on the 15th day of observationwas thebest treatment forweight loss,hardness,totalsoluble solids,and vitamin Acontentof carrot bulbs during20 days of observation.Whilethe concentrationof 1% sesame oiland 0% lemongrass (W2S0),was the best concentration inmaintainingcolourchange andsensory value with a likinglevel of 2.97 on day 15.

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