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Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25023012     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/JBETA.2025.v13.i02
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) memuat hasil penelitian di bidang teknik biosistem (biosystem engineering). Cakupan dari jurnal ini merentang dari aplikasi ilmu keteknikan untuk pertanian. Diantara bidang ilmu tersebut, yang menjadi fokus adalah Bidang Manajemen Keteknikan Pertanian, Teknologi Pascapanen khususnya produk Hortikultura, Rekayasa dan Ergonomika, Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, serta khusus tentang aplikasi Instrumentasi dan Sistem kontrol dalam bidang pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 740 Documents
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Estimasi Nilai Respirasi Tanah Menggunakan Metode Tabung Mikrorespirasi dengan Pengolahan Citra: Estimation of Soil Respiration based on Microrespiration Tube Method using Image Processing Ni Luh Gede Enjelina Ayu Maheswari; Ni Nyoman Sulastri; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya; I Gusti Ketut Arya Arthawan
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i02.p01

Abstract

Respirasi tanah merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam suatu ekosistem tanah yang menunjukan aktivitas mikroorganisme dan metabolisme dalam tanah. Respirasi tanah diukur dengan metode tabung mikrorespirasi sebagai pengukuran lapangan dan titrasi asam basa sebagai analisis laboratorium. Metode tabung mikrorespirasi ini adalah cara cepat mengukur respirasi tanah, namun data yang dihasilkan hanya dapat dilihat secara visual dan tidak diketahui nilainya. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengolahan citra dari metode tabung mikrorespirasi ini untuk mengestimasi nilai respirasi tanah serta mengetahui model estimasi terbaik menggunakan machine learning. Citra diakuisisi kemudian diolah dengan pengolahan citra meliputi konversi Red, Green, Blue (RGB) ke Hue Saturation Value (HSV), augmentasi citra, serta ekstraksi fitur data citra. Pengembangan model estimasi respirasi tanah menggunakan tiga algoritma yaitu Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Back Propagation (BP), dan Random Forest (RF). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah diperoleh akurasi model dengan nilai R² dari ketiga model yaitu MLR = 0,28, BP = 0,53, RF = 0,77 dan nilai estimasi dari ketiga model MLR = 7,62 mg/g , BP = 4,38 mg/g , RF = 4,57 mg. Dari hasil tersebut, dinyatakan bahwa model dengan algoritma RF merupakan model terbaik untuk mengestimasi nilai respirasi tanah.
Pengaruh Posisi dan Tipe Ventilasi Kemasan Peti Karton (Corrugated Box) terhadap Mutu Buah Manggis Selama Proses Transportasi dan Penyimpanan Ni Luh Yulianti; I Gusti Ngurah Apriadi Aviantara; Pande Ketut Diah Kencana
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p02

Abstract

The aim of this research was to acquire packaging that can uphold the quality of mangosteen fruit whilebeing transported and stored. A Randomized Group Design Factorial method was used, where the firstfactor is the location of ventilation and the second factor is a combination of ventilation types. The firstfactor comprises two levels, specifically, the center location of the packaging surface (L1) and a uniformdistribution on the surface of the packaging (L2). The second factor comprises three levels: completelyround type (V1), completely oval type (V2), and a combination of oval and round (V3). The ventilationdimension for all treatments was 3.45% of the total packaging area. Each treatment was replicated threetimes. A 5 kg capacity corrugated carton of dimensions 27 cm x 22 cm x 22 cm in the full-flap type wasutilized for packaging, with the fruit arranged in the Face Centered Cubic type. Packaging tests wereconducted by transporting mangosteen fruits in packaging through the city and on poorly surfaced roads.The testing parameters comprised the determination of packaging's compressive strength, the distributionof temperature within the packaging, the total soluble solids value of the fruits, the pH value of the fruitsand the percentage of weight loss. The obtained data were analysed by analysis of variance and if there wasan effect of treatment on the observed parameters, the Duncan test was applied. The test results highlightthe significant impact of treatment interaction on mangosteen fruit quality parameters including weightloss, TPT, and fruit pH. The packaging design measured at 27cm x 22cm x 22cm demonstrated acompressive strength value of 284 kgf. The treatment which produced the lowest weight loss of 2.30%,a TPT value of 15.30 and pH 2.6, is L1V1. This treatment is optimal for packaging mangosteen fruit, as itis able to maintain the fruit's quality.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Pelepah Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) menjadi Briket Bahan Bakar Tungku I Wayan Roli Arta; I Putu Surya Wirawan; Ni Luh Yulianti
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p03

Abstract

Palm tree fronds are a cellulose material that is suitable for use as a basic material for making briquettes.The aim of this research is to obtain the characteristics of briquettes from siwalan frond charcoal withdifferent mesh sizes and adhesive percentages and to obtain treatment parameters that produce the bestquality siwalan frond briquettes. In this research, a Randomized Group Design (RAK) experimentaldesign was used with two factors. The first factor is the variation in mesh size which consists of 3 meshvariations (S1: 60 mesh, S2: 80 mesh) and the second factor is the adhesive percentage which consists of5 variations (M1: 30%, M2: 35%, M3: 40%, M4: 45%, M5: 50%. By combining this experimental designwhich was repeated twice, 20 repetition samples were obtained. The parameters that are focused on in thisresearch are the amount of water content, the amount of ash content, compressive strength, density andcombustion rate. The results of this research are that there is a significant interaction between charcoalparticle size and adhesive percentage on parameters such as water content, ash content, compressivestrength, density and burning rate. The best treatment was obtained using 80 mesh size and an adhesivepercentage of 50%, water content with a value of 6.66%, ash content with a value of 4.35%, compressivestrength of 64.16 N, mass density with a value of 0.43 g/cm³ and combustion rate with a value of0.107gr/minute.
Pengaruh Emulsi Minyak Wijen dan Minyak Sereh sebagai Bahan Pelapis Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava L.) terhadap Mutu selama Penyimpanan Muhamad Ragil Zafansyah; Pande Ketut Diah Kencana; I Putu Surya Wirawan
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p04

Abstract

Red guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a climatic fruit that is quite recognizable. Red guava is a fruit whoseflesh is soft, quickly damaged and quickly decays. One of the efforts to minimize its damage and extendthe storage time of red guava fruit by using edible coatings made from sesame oil and lemongrass oilcoatings. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emulsion and find the bestconcentration on the coating material of a mixture of sesame oil and lemongrass oil. This study used acompletely randomized design (CRD) with two factorials. sesame oil concentration with levels (W)namely: 0%, 0.5%, 1% and lemongrass oil concentration (S), namely: 0%, 0.5%, 1% with 3 replications,therefore resulting in 27 experimental units. Perlakuan of 0.5% sesame oil concentration and 0.5%lemongrass oil (W1S1) is the perlakuan that produces the best value, namely the value of weight loss of19.15%, jumlah soluble solids 6.63 ºBrix, damage intensity 41.66%, fruit hardness 20.88%, andperlakuan of 1% sesame oil concentration and 0% lemongrass oil (W2S0) has the highest organolepticvalue of skin color, fruit flavor, fruit aroma, and fruit texture.
Modifikasi Posisi Injektor Pupuk Venturi Ganda pada Sistem Fertigasi Tetes: Dual Venturi Injector Position Modification in Drip Fertigation System Irnando Ferdinand Fransiscus Silaban; Ni Nyoman Sulastri; Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i02.p03

Abstract

Abstrak Salah satu masalah dalam aplikasi injektor pupuk dalam sistem fertigasi adalah ketidakseragaman distribusi nutrisi dan air. Efektivitas dari injektor pupuk dipengaruhi oleh posisi injektor dan kehilangan tekanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodifikasi posisi injektor venturi ganda dan membandingkan kinerja posisi injektor ganda vertikal dan horizontal pada irigasi tetes. Uji kinerja ini mencakup keseragaman distribusi air dan nutrisi serta keseimbangan laju injeksi. Pengujian dilakukan pada dua bukaan ball valve, 50% dan 100%, serta untuk keseragaman nutrisi dilakukan pada dua level konsentrasi, 400 - 550 ppm dan 700-850 ppm. Hasil uji kinerja menunjukkan bahwa kedua sistem memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dalam hal keseimbangan injeksi, keseragaman konsentrasi nutrisi, dan keseragaman distribusi air. Pada rangkaian vertikal menghasilkan distribusi air yang lebih tinggi dengan nilai coefficiennt uniformity (CU) dan distribution uniformity (DU) yang lebih tinggi dengan nilai CU sebesar 88% dan DU 92%. Uji Wilcoxon rank sum test menunjukkan rangkaian horizontal menghasilkan aliran yang lebih besar (p>0,05) pada kedua bukaan ball valve. Dari segi distribusi nutrisi rangkaian horizontal menghasilkan distribusi nutrisi dengan nilai CU dan DU yang lebih baik (±99%) dan hasil simulasi menggunakan interpolasi linier pada program Python yang lebih stabil. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa modifikasi rangkaian injektor venturi ganda horizontal menghasilkan debit injeksi yang seimbang pada kedua injektor dengan keseragaman distribusi nutrisi yang lebih baik. Sementara rangkaian vertikal masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan hasil yang lebih optimal. Abstract One of the issues in the application of fertilizer injectors in fertigation systems is the non-uniform distribution of nutrients and water. The effectiveness of fertilizer injectors is influenced by the injector’s position and pressure loss. This study aimed to modify the position of the dual venturi injector and compare the performance of vertical and horizontal dual injector configurations in drip irrigation. The performance tests included the uniformity of water and nutrient distribution as well as the uniformity of injection rates. Testing was conducted using two ball valve openings, 50% and 100%, and for nutrient uniformity, two concentration levels were employed: 400–550 ppm and 700–850 ppm. The performance test results indicated that both systems exhibit different characteristics in terms of water distribution, nutrient concentration uniformity, and emitter uniformity. The vertical configuration produced a higher water distribution with higher coefficient uniformity (CU) and distribution uniformity (DU) values, specifically a CU of 88% and a DU of 92%. The Wilcoxon rank sum test indicated that the horizontal configuration produced a larger flow (p > 0.05) at both ball valve openings. In terms of nutrient distribution, the horizontal configuration produced a more favourable nutrient distribution with CU and DU values of approximately 99% and yielded more stable simulation results using Phyton linear interpolation. It can be concluded that the modification of the horizontal double venturi injector circuit produces a balanced injection discharge in both injectors with better nutrient distribution uniformity. While the vertical circuit still requires further research to produce more optimal results.
Pengaruh Media Penyimpanan dan Tinggi Permukaan Air Pendingin terhadap Mutu dan Lama Simpan Pisang Raja Bulu (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Selama Penyimpanan Donari Barasa; Pande Ketut Diah Kencana; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p06

Abstract

A Raja Bulu Bananas are one of the perishable horticultural products and have a relatively short shelflife. The ability of a combination of sand, sawdust, and rice husk storage media with different waterlevels as storage media to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of banana fruit was tested duringstorage. The purpose of this study was to assess the best storage media and water level of thecombination of storage media and cooling water level as a container for banana fruit. The experimentaldesign used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors,namely a variety of storage media sand, sawdust, and rice husk, water level height of 5 cm, 10 cm, and15 cm with 3 replications, and an additional control which was stored at room temperature (28±2oC).Parameters observed included weight loss, color, hardness, total soluble solids, temperature, shelf life,and damage level. The results showed that the combination of sand storage media and 15 cm coolingwater surface height was the best media type to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of rajabulu bananas. The combination was able to maintain the banana fruit for 16 days where the banana fruitwas still bright, green skin color and firm texture.
Stokiometri Karbon (C), Nitrogen (N) dan Fosfor (P) Tanah pada Pengelolaan Jerami dan Irigasi Sawah Vivi Alviyanti; Ni Nyoman Sulastri; Sumiyati Sumiyati; I Wayan Tika; Ngadisih
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p07

Abstract

Rice farming requires a sustainable management strategy to maintain soil quality and water use efficiency.The habit of burning straw and inundation irrigation that is predominantly used by farmers often reducessoil quality and nutrient balance. This study aimed to determine the dynamics of C:N:P stochiometry instraw management and irrigation management during one planting season and determine the best treatmentcombination for changes in C:N:P stochiometry. The study was conducted in Subak Suala, Bali, using arandom design complete with two factors: irrigation management (ngenyatin, inundation, and AlternatingWetting and Drying - AWD) and straw management (burning and planting straw). Data were obtainedthrough soil sampling on 30 treatment plots, tested in the laboratory and the results were analyzed usingthe two-way ANOVA test to evaluate the combination of irrigation treatment and hay management to theC:N:P ratio of soil. The Z test is used to determine the difference in the average ratio of CN, CP and NPbefore and after treatment. The results of the data analysis showed that the CN ratio ranged from 3.81–17.50 with the largest decrease (40%) in inundation irrigation and straw immersion. The CP ratio rangesfrom 8.83–47.16 and decreases more significantly (50%) in AWD irrigation and straw burning. The NPratio ranged from 0.75–4.77 with the largest decrease (46%) in AWD irrigation and straw burning, as wellas a small increase (5%) in ngenyatin irrigation and straw immersion. This study proves that strawimmersion is more effective in maintaining carbon and nitrogen balance than burning straw, while AWDirrigation systems are more optimal in maintaining the availability of phosphorus. A combination of strawplanting and an AWD irrigation system is recommended to support sustainable land productivity in Subak
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Suhu dan Kelembaban Kandang Bebek Berbasis Internet of Things Malpindo Ambarita; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya; Yohanes Setiyo; I Putu Surya Wirawan; Radi
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p08

Abstract

The main challenge in duck farming is maintaining the environmental conditions of the cage, especiallytemperature and humidity to remain optimal. The purpose of designing a duck cage temperature andhumidity monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. The Design Stages consist of FunctionalDesign and Structural Design and Performance Test of the Internet of Things-based temperature andhumidity monitoring system. The heating lamp works according to the design, turning on if the temperatureis less than 27°C and humidity is more than 80% and turning off if the temperature is more than 30°C andhumidity is less than 60%. This maintains ideal temperature and humidity conditions for duck livestock. Inthe DHT11 sensor test on temperature measurement, there was an error difference of 0.43 and an errorpercentage of 1.65%, while in humidity measurement there was an error difference of 0.44 and an errorpercentage of 0.53%. So it can be concluded that the system is quite accurate in measurements and can beused to monitor the temperature and humidity of the duck house in real-time.
Dampak Jangka Pendek Pengelolaan Jerami Padi terhadap Karbon Organik dan Rasio CN Tanah Ida Ayu Kusuma Tri Handayani; Ni Nyoman Sulastri; I Gusti Ketut Arya Arthawan; I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i01.p09

Abstract

The annual rice planting cycle produced 6.73 tons of dry straw per hectare. Rice straw had beneficialnutrients for plants, but farmers often burned or buried it to reduce waste and enhance soil fertility. Becausestraw was hard to decompose, additional decomposers like bacteria were needed. This study aimed toinvestigate the short-term impact of rice straw management on soil organic carbon (C-organic) and the C/Nratio. The experimental design used was Nested Design. The study involved three straw managementtreatments: burning (BR), straw incorporation without EM4 addition (S0), and straw incorporation withEM4 addition (S1). Laboratory analysis was conducted on the C-organic and C/N ratio parameters.Differences in soil parameters observed before and after straw management treatments were analyzed usingthe Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The analysis showed an increase in C-organic after treatment: 29.7% forburning, 10.9% for straw incorporation, and 10.2% for straw incorporation with EM4. The rise in C-organicafter straw management treatments is due to the mineralization of soil organic matter. This mineralizationis indicated by average C/N values below 20, although the C/N ratio after burning increased by 56% andafter straw incorporation with EM4 increased by 0.35%. The average C/N ratios from all treatments rangedfrom 9.1 to 16.8. In the short term, all three straw treatments can increase organic carbon and C/N ratiosbelow 20.
Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Putaran terhadap Fertilitas, Mortalitas, dan Daya Tetas Telur Bebek (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) pada Mesin Penetas Telur Otomati: The Effect of Rotation Speed Variation on Fertility, Mortality, and Hatchability of Duck Eggs (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in an Automatic Incubator Machine Ni Kadek Eva Candra Devi; I Putu Surya Wirawan; I Putu Gede Budisanjaya; Yohanes Setiyo; Sri Markumningsih
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 13 No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/j.beta.2025.v13.i02.p06

Abstract

Abstrak Mesin penetas berperan penting dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan dalam proses penetasan telur bebek. Kecepatan putaran telur pada mesin penetas memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap distribusi suhu didalam mesin. Kecepatan yang terlalu lambat atau terlalu cepat dapat menyebabakan ketidakmerataan suhu, yang berpotensi menurunkan tingkat keberhasilan penetasan. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk memodifikasi kecepatan putar pada rak secara otomatis dengan menggunakan dimmer 2000 watt dan menentukan kecepatan putaran yang optimal pada mesin penetas telur bebek secara otomatis. Setiap mesin penetas menggunakan variasi kecepatan putaran yang berbeda. Setiap mesin penetas kecepatan putar yang digunakan pada rak pemutar antara lain 1 rpm, 3 rpm, dan 5 rpm dengan kondisi suhu yang sama. Metode penelitian ini, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 1 (satu) faktor yaitu kecepatan putaran pada rak dudukan telur. Penelitian ini menggunakan 150 butir telur bebek yang didapat dari peternak bebek langsung dari desa Banjarangkan, kabupaten Klungkung. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan 5 kali ulangan dengan jumlah telur di setiap ulangan sebanyak 10 butir telur bebek. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah. Ketiga kecepatan putar yang dilakukan pada mesin penetas memiliki nilai persentase fertilitas, mortalitas, dan daya tetas masing-masing kecepatan adalah 74%, 42%, 58% untuk kecepatan 1rpm, 90%, 14%, 86%untuk kecepatan 3 rpm dan kecepatan 5 rpm masing masing 62%, 38%, dan 62%. Perlakuan kecepatan putar 3 rpm menghasilkan tingkat fertilitas, mortalitas, dan daya tetas tertinggi. Abstract The incubator plays an important role in increasing the success of the duck egg hatching process. The speed of egg rotation in the incubator has a significant effect on the temperature distribution inside the machine. Speeds that are too slow or too fast can cause uneven temperatures, which have the potential to reduce the success rate of hatching. The study aims to modify the rotation speed on the rack automatically using a 2000 watt dimmer and determine the optimal rotation speed on the duck egg incubator automatically. Each incubator uses a different rotation speed variation. Each incubator rotation speed used on the rotating rack includes 1 rpm, 3 rpm, and 5 rpm with the same temperature conditions. This research method uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 1 (one) factor, namely the rotation speed on the egg rack. This study used 150 duck eggs obtained from duck farmers directly from Banjarangkan village, Klungkung district. Each treatment was repeated 5 times with the number of eggs in each repetition of 10 duck eggs. The results of this study are. The three rotation speeds carried out on the incubator have percentage values ​​of fertility, mortality, and hatchability of each speed of 74%, 42%, 58% for a speed of 1 rpm, 90%, 14%, 86% for a speed of 3 rpm and a speed of 5 rpm of 62%, 38%, and 62% respectively. The treatment of a rotation speed of 3 rpm produces the highest levels of fertility, mortality, and hatchability.

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