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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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HUBUNGAN AIR DAN TANAMAN DIPELAJARI SECARA TERINTEGRASI DENGAN MODEL SIMULASI DINAMIK Hidayati, Nuril
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Water is the most crucial factor in affecting plant growth and production.In order to assess the complex relationship between plant and water,a dynamic model of crop growth was constructed by interlinking plant growth and soil water models.The growth model mainly consists of physiological processes, i.e.photosynthesis, respiration, partitioning, leaf growth and phenological development.The photosynthesis and partitioning models are based on SUCROS, extended in two ways, the calculation of light use efficiency as a function of air temperature and extinction coefficient as a function of LAI.The development model was calculated based on thermal time concept.Water balance model comprises evaporation and transpiration as water losses, and rainfall and irrigation as water sources at 1 m - depth. Evaporation was based on Penmann Monteith formula.Both models were linked by relating the degree of growth reduction to water deficits. Simulation results showed a good agreement with observed data in predicting soil water deficits and crop water use for all of the treatments, i.e.irrigated, irrigated just after flowering, dry and rainfed.Despite the model predicted soil water considerably well, it tent to overestimate soil water deficits in the beginning of the growing period for both years. The results also showed a good agreement between simulated and observed dry matter production,especially under irrigated and rainfed conditions.

EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI VAKSIN BAKTERI POLIVALEN DENGAN VAKSIN ANTI GROUPER SLEEPY DISEASE IRIDOVIRUS (GSDIV) PADA IKAN KERAPU MACAN (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) [The Effectiveness of Polyvalent Bacterial Vaccine combined with Anti Grouper Sleepy Disease Iridovirus (GSDIV)Vaccine in Tiger Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)] Zafran, Zafran
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v15i1.2862

One problem in mariculture is mortality caused by diseases. An experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of polyvalent bacterial vaccine combined with anti GSDIV vaccine was conducted in the Institute for Mariculture Research and Development, Gondol, Bali. Polyvalent bacterial vaccine was combined of three inactivated pathogens, i.e. Vibrio harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and Photobacterium leioghnathi. Polyvalent bacterial vaccine administered through bathing method whereas GSDIV vaccine given through intra-peritoneal injection on tiger grouper. The fish was reared for three months in concrete tanks equipped with filter and aeration systems. The fish were fed with dry pellet twice a day. The results showed that titer antibody and survival rate of vaccinated fish were higher than unvaccinated one. The highest titer antibody was obtained on fish vaccinated with GSDIV vaccine (128) followed by fish vaccinated with polyvalent bacterial vaccine (32-64) and combination of polyvalent bacterial vaccine with GSDIV vaccine (32-64), respectively. Relative Percentage Survival (RPS) of vaccinated fish following challenge with live bacteria and virus were ranged from 65-84%. It is suggested that vaccines effective to enhance immune protection of tiger grouper fish against bacterial and viral infections.

DETEKSI LOGAM BERAT PADA PERAIRAN, SEDIMEN DAN SIRIP IKAN BADUKANG {Anus caelatus HAN A. maculatus) DIMUARA SUNGAI KAHAYAN DAN SUNGAI KATINGAN, KALIMANTAN TENGAH Sanusi, Harpasis S; Harteman, Edison; Soedharma, Dedi; Winarto, Adi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i3.783

The study sites were located in the river mouths of Kahayan and Katingan Rivers of Central Kalimantan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate concentration of heavy metals on the water, sediment, Arius (catfish) fin through concentration and bioconcentration factor (BCF); data were analysed by regression and correlation analysis. Collected samples were water and fish.Water sample and fish bone were analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results indicated that the concentrations of Pb>Cd>Hg were occurred in the water and hard fins, which the bioconcentrations of Hg>Cd>Pb were in the hard fins, while the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of Pb>Hg>Cd were in the sediment.Moreover, it seems that heavy metals in the waters absorpted and accumulated by sediment and hard fins increased along with heavy metal concentration in the water, whereas heavy metals in the sediment absorpted and accumulated by hard fins increased along with heavy metal concentration .in the sediment.

REGENERASI TANAMAN DARI JARINGAN KOTILEDON +RUAS BENIH KEDELAI, {Glycine max L., KULTIVAR WILIS) DENGAN RADIASI SINAR GAMMA [Plant Regeneration from Cotyledons of Mature Soybean ( Glycine max L. Wilis Cultivar Using Gamma Rays] Hutabarat, Dameria; Ratma, Rivaie
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Soybean Wilis cultivar was efficiently regenerated in vitro via somatic embryogenesis. Cotyledonary explants were excised from mature geminating seeds. Seeds were germinated on agar solution and on B5 medium enriched with 5 ppm BA, 0,25 pom IBA and 500 ppm casein hydrolyzate. Cotyledonary nodes from both germinating seeds were excised and cultured on B5 medium enriched with 5 ppm BA, 0,25 ppm IBA and 500 ppm casein hydrolyzate. Age of seedlings had a remarkable influence on shoot regeneration. Cotyledon from seeds germinated on agar solution with light gave better result in shoot regeneration compare with those germinated in darkness. The highest number of regenerants per explants (5 shoots) was produced by cotyledon from seeds germinated on 65 medium enriched with 5 PPM BA, 0,25 PPM IBA and 500 PPM casein hydrolyzate in darkness. The seeds of soybean were exposed to gamma-rays doses 10 Gy then germinated on S5 medium enriched with 5 PPM BA,0,25 PPM IBA and 500 ppmcase/n hydrolyzate did not improve the number of plant regeneration.Only 5-day-old seedlings from seeds were exposed to gamma-rays dose 30 Gy could improve the number of shoot regeneration, one of the cotyledonary node treated produced 21 regeneration shoots.

TEKNOLOGI PENURUNAN KADAR Fe AIR SAWAH PASANG SURUT MELALUI PENGGUNAAN BIOFILTER PURUN TIKUS (Eleocharis dulcis) [Fe Levels Decline Technology of Water Tidal Rice Field by Using Purun Tikus (Eleocharis Dulcis) Biofilter ] Indrayati, Linda; Susilawati, Ani
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Water management in acid sulfate soil can increase the productivity of land and crops, but the element of poison leaching into drainage channels gives negative impact on the environment. One approach to improve water quality is to filter or absorb the poison element. Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) can act as a biofilter to improve water quality. The purpose of this study is to get biofilter technology (purun tikus) to reduce the levels of Fe, SO4 and increase the pH of the water. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse of Indonesian Swampland Agriculture Research Institute, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. Treatment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replications.The first factor was the density of the biofilter ,consisted of: 1) 25%, 2) 50%, and 3) 100%, The second factor was the length of contact of water with biofilter that consisted of: 1). 12 hours, 2) 24 hours, and 3) 36 hours. The results showed that the density of purun tikus 50% in greenhouse experiments can decreased the concentration of Fe at 76.5%.

PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN PADI VAR CIHERANG SETELAH DIINOKULASI DENGAN Azospirillum MUTAN MULTIFUNGSI PENAMBAT N2, PELARUT P DAN PENGHASIL FITOHORMON INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA). [The growth enhancement of rice var. Ciherang after inoculated with Azospirillum mutants multifunction capable of N2-fixation, P solubilization, and producing phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA)] Riyanti, Eny Ida; Listanto, Edy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Modern agriculture rellies on the application of fertilizer to enhanched plant growth. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers in the long term will decrease soil fertility, therefore the use of biological fertilizers is expected to reduce the negative impact. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of multi-functional Azospirillum for N2-fixation, phosphate solubilizerÃÂ and producing phytohormone Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) on the growth of rice plants Ciherang in the pot experiment conducted in the BB BiogenÃ¢â¬â¢s greenhouse. Two treatments were tested: types of inoculation (not inoculated, were inoculated with the wildtype AjB 6.4.1.2 and inoculated with mutant isolates AJM 3.7.1.14), and 4 levels of fertilizer application (not fertilized, a quarter dose of paddy fertilizer recommendations, a half dose of fertilizer rice in the rice fields, and the appropriate dose of fertilizer in paddy fields). Azospirillum used is wildtype isolate AjB 6.4.1.2 and mutant isolate AJM 3.7.1.14 isolated and and mutated in BB Biogen. Ciherang rice seed inoculated with Azospirillum on the cell density of 106 cells / ml at the different seedlings tub. After the age of 14 days after planting, the seedlings were transferred into pots with three plants per pot. Parameters measured were: plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles per clump, fresh weight and dry panicles per clump, weight of 100 grains, and the content of N and P stover. Results show that inoculantion, affect significantly on the number of panicles per hill, grain weight per panicle and the dry weight of grains per panicle.Â

ISOLASI DAN AKTIVITAS PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (RHIZOBIUM, AZOSPIRILLUM, AZOTOBACTER, PSEUDOMONAS) DARI TANAH PERKEBUNAN KARET, LAMPUNG [Isolation And Activity Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas) From Soil Of Rubber Plantation, Lampung] Widawati, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Analysis of phosphate dissolving activity, P dissolved; PMEase and IAA production by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria group(PGPR)is a parameter to determine the effectiveness of these bacteria as biological organic fertilizer (BOF).This study was aimed to obtain PGPR (Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas) that were potential as a BOF to reclamation on degraded plantation area. This study used a random sampling method for 11 sampling points (1999P1, 1999P2, 1999P3, 1999P4, 1999P5, 2007P, 2007P1,2007P2, 2007P3, 2007P4, 2007P5) in the area of rubber plant roots.Isolation and counting of bacterial populations used plate count method on selective media (YEMA, Okon, Caceres, NFB AMA, PAB) whereas phosphate dissolving activity analysis, Dissolution Efficiency Index (DE), PMEase and IAA production following the method of Nguyen, Bray, Seshadri, Tabatabai, and Gravel.The results showed that of the 11 sampling points, 11 isolates were obtained effectively consisting of four groups of bacteria, namely: Rhizobium,5 5 5 5 Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Pseudomonas with the number of population: 3.3x10 , 80x10 , 20x10 , and 14x10 cfu.The results of the analysis of DE, soluble P, PMEase acid-base, and the highest IAA obtained from the bacterium isolated from the sampling point 1999P3 and 1999P1. This potential isolates will be used to the next research on reclamation of degraded land plantation

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN INTRODUKSI DI DANAU BATUR, BALI [Community Structure of Introduced Fish in Lake Batur, Bali] Sentosa, Agus Arifin; Wijaya, Danu
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Lake Batur is the largest lake in Bali island, however information on introduced fish community is not available yet. The research aimed to identify the community structure and ecological status of the introduced fish in Lake Batur, Bali. The study was carried out on May, July and October 2011 using survey method. The fishes were obtained using experimental gill nets and by fishermen. Data analysis included index of diversity, evenness, dominance, species richness and the abc (abundance-biomass comparison) curve. The results showed the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the dominant species. The status of introduced fish community suggested to ecological stress but it was relatively undisturbed.

PENGUJIAN FERTILITAS PATIN PASUPATI SECARA INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL MENGGUNAKAN PATIN SIAM Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) DAN PATIN JAMBAL Pangasius djambal Bleeker, 1846 [Fertility Evaluation of Pasupati Pangasiid Catfish Internaly and Externaly Using Striped Pangasiid Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) and Jambal Pangasiid Catfish Pangasius djambal Bleeker, 1846] Tahapari, Evi; Iswanto, Bambang
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2588

Pasupati is a pangasiid catfish resulted from hybridization between female striped pangasiid (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and male jambal (Pangasius djamba). Pasupati is known as a superior white-fleshy pangasiid catfish promoted for an export commodity. However, its reproductive characteristic in relation to its fertility has not been examined yet. The present study was conducted to investigate the successful of fertilization between female and male pasupati, reciprocal cross between pasupati with striped catfish, and reciprocal cross between pasupati with jambal catfish.Two to three females and males pasupati were used in the present study. All of breeders were hormonally induced for artificial. The result showed that there is no embryogenesis occurred when sperm from pasupati, striped and jambal catfish were used to fertilize eggs of pasupati catfish. On the other side, sperm enabled to fertilize eggs of striped cat fish producing low percentage of larvae with maternaly similar morphological appearances at juvenile stage. This phenomena showed that spontaneous gynogenesis occurred. In conclusion, female and male of pasupati cat fish are sterile.

STUDI AWAL TERHADAP POTENSI GEWANG {Corypha utan Lamk.) SAVANA NTT SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN DAN MINUMAN BARU SERTABAHAN DASAR INDUSTRI ALKOHOL Naiola, B Paul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

As a region under dry climate, East Nusa Tenggara relatively possesses limited tree species to be used as bioresources by local community for their daily needs.However, some native savanna plant species with great potential has been exploited since long time. So far, Gewang or Tune {Corypha utan Lamk.), a still-wild native palm species were exploited for traditional food, drink and rural industry.A preliminary study was done to assess the potential of this palm species as source for developing new food,and drink, and raw material for alcohol industry. The chemical content of its product (including starch and other derivates such as sugar and traditional alcoholic drink), are potentially promising for further source as new food, drink and alcohol industries. But overexploited action against Gewang, palem/ palm, Corypha utan Lamk., potensi/ potential, makanan dan minuman baru/ new food and drink, industri alkohol/ alcohol industry.this plant in its wild status, need further urgent steps to be developed in plots as a crop plant; whilen the future, these plots may be offered as assets for carbon emission (Kyoto Protocol) in global climate change through CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) programs.

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