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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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PENGARUH 2,4-D DAN BA TERHADAPINDUKSIKALUS EMBRIOGENIK PADA KULTUR MERISTEM JAHE {Zingiber officinale Rose.) Sitinjak, Rama Riana; Rostiana, Otih; Karyono, Karyono; Supriatun, Titin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i2.2037

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and N -benzyladenin (BA) to embryogenic callus induction of meristem culture in ginger {Zingiber officinale Rose). Completely Randomixed Design was applied using factorial pattern, replicated 3 times. Two factors were assigned i.e: 2,4-D (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/L) and BA (0.0, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 mg/L). Result showed that 2,4-D and BA significantly affected the embryogenic callus induction. The highest embryogenic callus (93.33%) was achieved on MS (Murashige & Skoog) containing combination of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 3.0 mg/L BA, after 8weeks incubation.Histological evaluation informed that the incubation of embryogenic calli started from cortex cells adjacent the meristem vascular tissues.

PERJALANAN HIDUP CARL LINNAEUS SEORANG DOKTER BANGSA SWEDIA YANG MENJADI PAKAR BOTANI DAN ZOOLOGIKALIBER DUNIA Somadikarta, S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4(a) (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A baby boy was born in Rashult, Smoland, Sweden, on 23 May 1707, who later became the world famous Swedish botanist and deservedly be called The Worlds Father of Taxonomy. The baby was baptized as Carl Linnaeus. According to Swedish customs at that time, the baby should had been named Carl Nilsson (Carl, son of Nils), since his fathers name was Nils Ingemarsson (Nils,son of Ingemar Bengtson).When Nils Ingemarsson was enrolling the University of Lund, he had - based on the university rules- to have a family name. He choosed Linnaeus as his family name, and since then Nils Ingermarsson was known as Nils Linnaeus.Carl Linnaeus (hereafter Linnaeus) finished his primary school and Gymansium at Vaxyo. After graduation from the Gymnasium,Linnaeus was trained as dress- and shoemaker before pursuing medical studies at the University of Lund in 1727.A year later he moved to the University of Uppsala. Linnaeus got his medical doctorate from the University of Harderwijk (Holland) on 23 June 1735. Before returning to Sweden, Linnaeus was working and visiting several places. He had the opportunity to meet many outstanding botanists during his visits. When he was working (1735-1737) at "Hartekamp", Leiden, and Amsterdam he published many more new findings compared to those other scientists during that time. Linnaeus returned to Sweden and married Sara Lisa Morea on 26 June 1737. They have seven children (two sons and five daughters). Linnaeus was appointed as Professor at the University of Uppsala in 1739 and in 1757 he was ennobled by the King of Sweden. In 1763, Linnaeus health was declining. In the same year Carl Linnaeus, Jr. became Professor at the University of Uppsala replacing his father. Linnaeus died on 10 January 1778 and five years later, Carl Linnaeus, Jr. died on 1 November 1783. Carl Linnaeus, Jr. was buried in his fathers grave in the Katedral of Uppsala. Sara Lisa Morea, Linnaeus wife, sold the valuable Linnaeus collection to Sir Edward Smith for 1,000 guinea in 1784. Sir Edward Smith, the First President of The Linnaean Society of London, died on 17 March 1828. There after, The Linnaean Society of London, bought the entire Smiths collection for 3,150. The Linnaeus collection is now housed safely in Burlington House, Picadilly, London.

PENGGUNAAN ARANG AKTIF DALAM KULTUR IN VITRO Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Activated charcoal is commonly used as addition in tissue culture medium, which able to modify the composision. The effect of activated charcoal can observed in culture medium or in tissue development.Effect of activated charcoal in the medium are: 1) give a darkened environnment; 2) adsorption of undesirable/inhibitory substances; 3) adsorption of growth regulators and other organic compound; and 4) released of growth promoting substances which are beneficial to growth of in vitro culture.In tissue development activated charcoal can promote embryogenesis, androgenesis, root induction and inhibit callus formation. Fators affecting charcoal activity are:quality (depend on raw material and processing), density, purity, organic compound (affecting adsorptionn), temperature pH and type of solvent.

PERAN ILMU BIOTAKSONOMISERANGGA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN DI ERA GLOBALISASI Siwi, Sri Suharni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Diagnostic materials have been recently faced by more complexity species due to the evolutions accelerated in agro ecosystem.Biotaxonomy is needed for searching solutions technology of sustainable agriculture, and anticipating problems that may appeared during the agricultural development proses. Biotaxonomy is a tool for integrating biological aspects, beginning of inventory, description, cataloging, study of distribution and the perspective evolution. The contribution to applied sciences has often supplied the key to the solution of problems for IPM and biological control provided accurate identification of the exact country of origin of insect pests and their total fauna of parasites and predator. Since the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995, volume and intensity of trade in agricultural product increased tremendously. To prevent the entry or spread of a pest, rules based on health and safety ground had been set out internationally under the agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement). In the context of international trade, the exporting country obliged to provide a list of pests likely to be associated with the commodity to be able importing country to conduct pest risk analysis and establish phytosanitary regulations. In order to meet these obligations, however, the developing countries have not benefited as developed countries, due to unabilily to provide an adequate description of health status of agricultural industries and pest-records based on voucher specimens held in properly well curated collection. The extensive specimen-based pest record held in the reference insect collection Bogor is an asset national that can provide the most reliable evidence of the plant health status of the country that have been long time ago neglected. The collection can provide a country with a powerful tool to assist bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful exotic pests entering the country. Therefore, such insect collection should be security well managed, and database digitally for easily accesses. Sectors of interest should worked together to realize that hopes. Without such efforts, global policy market has just only more impoverish our farmers and the possibility our commodities products pursued internationally on the other hand our local markets felled with product commodities import as has been seen at this time.

ANALISA BAHAN SARANG BURUNG PECUK PADI HITAM {Phalacrocorax sulcirostris) di SUAKA MAGASATWA PULAU RAMBUT, TELUK JAKARTA Fithri, Aida
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The research was conducted from January 2002 to June 2003 at Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary Jakarta Bay. The objectives of this research were to explore the breeding strategy of Little Black Cormorant {Phalacrocorax sulcirostris) by analyzing their nest materials. The birds built their nest by using natural and unnatural materials. The shape and texture of nest material were rigid, rope-like and soft. The sources of nest material were trees, forest floor, beach, abandoned nest, aquatic plant living on the bottom of tbe sea, floating material from Java Island and fisherman activities at the sea surrounding Pulau Rambut Wildlife sanctuary.In addition they also collected nest materials by stealing from other nests, nest material carried by other flying individual, and from other individual floating on the sea while seizing the nest material in their beak. All nest materials were carried with their beak.Rigid materials were carried horizontally or diagonally and rope-like material were dorsally or ventrally.

PELAJARAN TERPETIK DARI MENDALAMI BAMBU INDONESIA UNTUK PENGEMBANGANNYA DI MASA DEPAN Widjaja, Elizabeth A
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

KAJIAN ETNOTAKSONOMI Pandanus conoideus Lamarck UNTUK MENJEMBATANI PENGETAHUAN LOKAL DAN ILMIAH Walujo, Eko B; Keim, Ary P; S, Maria Justina
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Red pandan (Pandanus conoideus Lamarck) is an important plant for the people of the Arfak Mountain in the Province of Papua Barat (West Papua), Indonesia that include the tribes of Meyah, Sougb and Hatam. In total there are 10 morphological variations found, each with a local (vernacular) name.The local nomenclature used by the three tribes is in correspondence with the formal botanical nomenclature, but not identical. The result of the ethnotaxonomical study shows that the basic name equals to species name, while attribute refers to infraspecific classification.Attribute is suggested to be addressed to the category of variety in the formal (botanical) taxonomy rather than to subspecies.Ethnotaxonomy is proven to be a good alternative solution for the problems faced in the formal taxonomy.

KERAGAMAN FENOTIPE RAPD Santalum album L. DIPULAU TIMOR BAGIAN TIMUR Poerba, Yuyu S; Wawo, Albert H; Yulita, KS
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Santalum album L. (sandalwood/cendana) is known as one of medicinal and aromatic tree species in Indonesia. The species is valued for its quality light wood timber and for its medicinal properties.The species has been overexploited and is considered as vulnerable plant species.The present study aimed to assess genetic diversity and to estimate genetic relationship among 58 accessions of plant germplasm collection using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD).Two RAPD primers generated 34 scorable bands with 97.06% of them were polymorphic. Clustering analysis was performed based on RAPD profiles using the UPGMA method.The range of genetic dissimilarity value among species was from 6% to 91%, while the range of genetic distance between populations was from 1.89% and 26.88%.These values showed that 5.album from Eastern part of Timor was genetically diverse populations.Within the 12 populations, there were 9 banding patterns recorded from primer OPA 16 and 12 banding patterns from primer OPB 12, suggesting that OPB 12 was more sensitive than that of OPA 16 to show variation within the sample used.

PALEM DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN Mogea, Johanis P
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 1&2 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study on rattans species density in five sites which were spread out at the submontane forest at altitude from 900 m to 1100 m asl in the northern area of the Gunung Halimun National Park and a non rattan palm exploration around the area were conducted.Each site has a line transect rectangular plots of 200 x 20 m in Cileungsi 1, then 1000 x 20 m in Cileungsi 2, then 650 x 20 m in Cangkuang 1, then 400 x 20 m in Cangkuang 2, and 1000 x 20 m in the Meuncit Kebo Hill. The value of the individual rattans species density per hectar was obtained from the analysis of the number of the individual rattan species occurs in the plots.The result of data analysis above were then inserted into the same rattan density study of the park which was conducted previously.Hence, it was revealed that the park has 21 species of palms consisting of 8 species of Calamus, 4 species of Daemonorops,2 species of Pinanga, 2 species of Caryola, and each one species of Korthalsia, Licuala, Nenga, Plectocomia and Salacca.Four species of palms in the villages out side the park were sagopalm (Metroxylon sagu), coconutpalm (Cocos nucifera), sugarpalm(Arenga pinnata), and chewingpalm (Areca catechu).Three dominant rattans species were Calamus heteroideus, Plectocomia elongata, and C. javensis.Palms which endemic to West Java are Calamus asperrimus, C. melanoloma, Caryota maxima, Nenga pumila, and Salacca zalacca; and the palms which endemic to Java are Daemonorops ruber and Pinanga javana. Among those of 21 species, four species were included as lower risk less concern plant based on the IUCN Red List Categories 30 November 1994 namely D. ruber, C. asperrimus, C.melanoloma, and Licuala pumila; and two species as lower risk near threatened namely Caryota maxima and Pinanga javana.New records natural phenomenas in the park were Calamus heteroideus which has sprouts arising from the tip of the flagelliform staminate inflorescence and from the top of damaged stem; and C. ciliaris which has sprouts arising from its areal stem nodes.And finally, a standard of current local names of the palms in the area were proposed.

SKRINING AKTIVITAS ENZIM Bacillus sp. YANG DIISOLASI DARI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN Hidayat, Iman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 1&2 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Fifty strains of Bacillus sp. isolated from Gunung Halimun National Park (GHNP) were characterized. All strains are characterized by amylase, protease, phosphatase, ligninase, and cellulase activity.Thirtyseven isolates gave positive reaction for amylase activity, 46 isolates for protease activity, 3 isolates for phosphatase activity, 3 isolates for ligninase activity, and 36 isolates for cellulose activity.These findings indicates that Bacillus sp. that isolated from GHNP is a potential microbe for enzymes technology and biotechnology application.

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