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BERITA BIOLOGI

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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DIVERSITY OF THE PARASITOID WASPS OF THE EULOPHTD SUBFAMILY EULOPHINAE (INSECTA: HYMENOPTERA, EULOPHIDAE) OF JAVA, INDONESIA AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION Ubaidillah, Rosichon
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4(a) (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Diversity of the Parasitoid Wasps of the Eulophid Subfamily Eulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) of Java, Indonesia and their distribution is presented for the first time. Most of eulophines are ectoparasitoids that attack concealed hosts in protected situations, such as leafminers, woodborers and leaf rollers. The subfamily are frequently involved in biological control programs directed against dipteran and lepidopteran leaf-mining pests, and many eulophine genera have been considered economically important. The taxonomy and distribution of the species in Asia, especially in Java, are however still poorly studied despite the fact that the subfamily is an important group for sustainable agriculture. This study is based on the specimens newly collected from many localities in Java and Bali using sweep netting, Malaise trapping, yellow-pan trapping and rearing from their hosts. All the three tribes (Elasmini, Cirrospilini and Eulophini) of the subfamily Eulophinae are recognized in the islands.A single genus of Elamini, three genera of Cirrospilini and 19 genera of Eulophini are recognized in the islands and they included 14 genera as new records for the islands and 66 undescribed species. A total of 110 species are recognized in Java and Bali; of those about 86% are new records for the islands and about 60% are undescribed species. Considering the species so far known for their world distribution pattern, eulophine species occurring in Java are mainly Oriental elements, a few species are Australian and a very small number of species is endemic, while several species that could have been artificially introduced with their hosts are worldwide in their distribution. Based on the climatic and geological features, the species diversity and geographical distribution of the Eulophine in Java and neighboring island are discussed.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK POPULASI IKAN NILA {Oreochromis niloticus) DALAM PROGRAM SELEKSI BERDASARKAN RAPD Arifin, Otong Zenal; Nugroho, Estu; Gustiano, Rudhy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Objectives of the study was to discover genetic variability and genetic relationship of paternal half sib population of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Selection Program Scheme at Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture, in Bogor, West Java.Four populations from unrelated selected breeders were observed for genetic variability using RAPD. The analysis of amplification from each locus and fragments were used to estimate DNA polymorphisms, heterozygosity, fst and genetic distance.The range of heterozygosity of four examined populations was 0.1760-0.2168 with level polymorphic between 47.66% and 64.86%.The highest heterozygosity and polymorphic was on population 1 and the lowest one was on population 2. Fst test showed significance among the populations. The closest relationship was between population 1 and 4 (0.1978) and the furthest was population 2 and 3 (0.3289).

PERANAN PLANKTON DALAM EKOSISTEM PERAIRAN: INDONESIA, LAUTAN RED TIDE Wiadnyana, Ngurah Nyoman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

APLIKASI MEDIA TUMBUH DAN PERENDAMAN BUI PADA PERKECAMBAHAN JELUTUNG (Dyera costulata (Miq.) Hook, f) Utami, Ning Wikan; Widjaja, EA; Hidayat, Arief
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Jelutung {Dyera costulata) is a potential plant species that has good an economic prospect,_especially for timber and latex production. The aim of this research is to know the effect of seed soaking treatments and growth media variation on seed germination of jelutung. The experiment was carried out in the Treub Laboratory, Research Centre for Biology-LIPI, Bogor, using a Complete Randomized Design with two main factors in three replications. The first factor is growth media i.e. peat + saw dush (1:2), peat + cocopeat (1:2), peat + zeolit (1:1), peat + saw dush (1:1), soil + peat (1:1) and soil (control). The second factor is soaking of seeds in fresh water for 0, 6, 12 or 18 hours prior to sowing. The results showed that there was no interaction effect of growth media and seed soaking treatments. However, both factors had individual significant effects on the germination of jelutung. Therefore it is recommended the best media for germination are peat + cocopeat (1:2), peat + zeolit (1:1), (or) peat +saw dush (1:2). These media had pH between 4 - 4.7. Seed soaking prior to sowing is not required for the germination of jelutung seed. In fact, the longer the time of seed soaked, the lower the germination of the seed. The highest germination percentage was 74%,which was recorded in treatment combination of mixed media peat + zeolit (1:1) without or with soaking of the seed in water for6 hours.

PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN PADA BUDIDAYA JAGUNG AHUKLEAN DI BESIKAMA, BELU, NTT Bora, Charles Y; Murdolelono, B
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Influence of fertililizing to Ahuklean corn cultivation was done in Fahiluka Village, Malaka Tengah Sub-district, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, during hot season, between August to November 2003. The aim of this research to get appropriate fertilizing method in ahuklean corn cultivation. The research was laid in RBD with 8 treatments of fertilizing and 3 replications.The size of plot treatment was 10 m x 10 m, plant distance was 100 cm x 40 cm, using Hybrid Pioneer corn variety with 3 seeds/hole. Parameters to be observed including growth and production, plant height at 15 days old, 45 days old, stem diameters; length and diameter of corn swollen, yield of dry grain and weight per 1000 grain. Results showed that fertilizing is not significantly influence the vegetative growth but corn yield and weigth per 1000 grain. The urea 100 kg/ha + SP-36 50 kg/ha with drilled method beside plant (PI) giving higher yield i.e. 4,50 t/ha. Using PPC Greentonic in 2 times spread (P7) is assumed as an alternative for ahuklean corn fertilizing, because it is able to increase the yield production up to 3,47 t/ha.

RESPON ADAPTIF KUMBANG LEMBING PEMAKAN D AUN Henospilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE: EPILACHNINAE) DAN TUMBUHANINANGNYA TERHADAP MUSIM KEMARAU DIDAERAH BERIKLIM TROPIS KERING PASURUAN DAN MALANG - JAWATIMUR Kahono, Sih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Adaptive responses of an herbivorous ladybird beetle Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Epilachninae) and the host plants to dry season were studied in Pasuruan and Malang, East Java. Nineteen species of host plants of the beetle have been recorded in Java, however only fiveteen species are found as preferred host plants of the beetles in Pasuruan and Malang. During the season beetles tend to prefer the plants of Datura metel, Brugmansia spp., Solanum melongena, S. torvum, S. pseudocapsicum, and 5. nigrum as their hosts and this might course strong damage to the plants.It is obvious that the beetles tend to move to the humid places to find more suitable food. It is also found that during the days of drought, the beetles feed on eggplant fruits by tunnelling into the flash of the fruits.Some of the beetles ovaries would not develop in the drought and a part of them might enter the diapause stage.Other responses of the beetles to drought will be discussed in the paper.

VARIASI MUSIMAN PRODUKSI SERASAH JENIS-JENIS DOMINAN HUTAN PEGUNUNGAN RENDAH DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN Rahajoe, JS; Simbolon, H; Kohyama, T
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 1&2 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The litterfall of Allingia excelsa Noroflha, Schima wallichii (DC) Korth., Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC, C. javanica (Bl.) A. DC. and Quercus lineata Blume, the dominant tree species of Lower Mountain at Gunung Halimun National Park - West Java were studied.The annual litterfall was 7.0 - 8.2 t ha y and the total litterfall was higher during the rainy season than in the dry season. Each dominant tree species had its own specific pattern of leaf shedding. A. excelsa shed their leaves at the end of the rainy season of the first year, during the biannual period of study, while Q. lineata was opposite.C.javanica shed their leaves mainly in the middle of the rainy season in January to February. There was no clear pattern of leaf shedding on C. acuminatissima,and the species was named as non-seasonally type, while S. wallichii, shed their leaves during the dry season, and was named as the dry season type.

PENGARUH MEDIA DASAR MS DAN N TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO 6 SOMATIK PADA KULTUR MERISTEM JAHE (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Rostiana, Otih; Syahid, Sitti Fatimah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

This study was performed to evaluate the development of somatic embryo from embryogenic calli of ginger meristem culture. Completely randomized design was applied, replicated 4 times. Embryogenic calli from meristem tissue of inner shoot bud of rhizome obtained on MS medium containing 100 mg/L glutamine, 2% sucrose with the addition of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 3.0 mg/L BA, were subjected to proliferation medium, MS and N basal media containing 3% mannitol. Then, transferred into somatic embryo maturation medium, either MS or N basal media supplemented with 6% sucrose. The number of somatic embryos-formed significantly affected by the proliferation medium applied. The highest number of somatic embryos (about 82.0 per 1 g friable calli) was achieved on the MS medium, 4 weeks after incubation. In addition, the optimum growth of embryogenic calli containing somatic embryos was obtained on MS and N medium supplemented with 6% sucrose. There were significantly difference between the media applied (MS and N ) to somatic embryos maturation. The highest number of mature somatic embryos (57.2 embrios) was achieved on the MS medium, 18 days after incubation.

NEMATODA PADA TIKUS SUKU MURIDAE DAN POLA INFEKSINYA DITAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU, SULAWESI TENGAH Purwaningsih, Endang; Dewi, Kartika
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The study of the patterns of nematode infection on rodents in Lore Lindu, Central Sulawesi was carried out. A total of 52 rodents were examined. Of these rodents 37 (71.15 per cent) were found to harbour nematode parasites and 15 (28.85 per cent) were free.There were found 10 species of nematode: Subulura andersoni, Syphacia muris, Heterakis spumosa, Cyclodontostomum purvisi,Hepatojarakus malayae, Molinacuaria indonesiensis, Protospirura muris,Rictularia tani, Trichuris muris dan Nippostrongylus muris that found in intestine, stomach, cecum and liver.The kind of infections were single (17.31 per cent) and association (53.84 per cent).The highest prevalence was 5. andersoni (44.23 per cent). Each of species nematodes had a specific habitat in their hosts. The greatest number of habitat that species of nematodes found was stomach (all of the species nematodes were found at the stomach).

KERUSAKAN MORFOLOGI TUMBUHAN KOLEKSI KEBUN RAYA PURWODADI OLEH BENALU (LORANTHACEAE DAN VISCACEAE) Sunaryo, Sunaryo; Rachman, Erlin; Uji, Tahan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Purwodadi Botanic Gardens-LIPI (The Indonesian Institute of Sciences), East Java, is an ex-situ conservation area accommodating various living plant collections.Identification of the parasitic plants conducted in August 200S found five species parasiting 10S trees belonging to SI species of 24 genera. The highest parasite frequency was found on Ficus (Moraceae). The mistletoes found in the study area were Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. (Loranthaceae), Macrosolen tetragonus (Bl.) Miq. (Loranthaceae),Scurrula atropurpurea (Bl.) Dans. (Loranthaceae), Viscum articulation Burm. f. (Viscaceae), and Viscum ovalifolium DC. (Viscaceae).The damaging effect of the parasitic mistletoes generally occurred on the distal part of branches or twigs of the host tree species.

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