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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

69 70 71 72 73

PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TEBU (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM; POACEAE) PADA BERBAGAI PAKET PEMUPUKAN DI LAHAN KERING BERPASIR Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Diana, Nunik Eka; Djumali, Djumali
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Improvement of cultivation technology is a part of the sugarcane intensification programs to supply the national sugar demand. Fertilization package is one component in of the of cultivation technology improvement. The research aims to obtain the information on (1) the role of Ca + Mg versus Sulfur nutrients, (2) the integration of low-dosage compound fertilizers with manure versus high-dosage compound fertilizers without manure, and (3) moderate-dosage versus very high-dosage of compound fertilizer without manure in improving productivity, sugar yield and economic benefits in sandy upland. The research was conducted in November 2012 - October 2013 at Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo, East Java. Four fertilizer packages was arranged in a Randomized Block Design and replicated three times. Data were analyzed by orthogonal contrast. The results showed that package of compound fertilizer containing Ca + Mg inccreased productivity (11,67%), sugar yield (15,51%) and economic benefit (293,3%) from the package of fertilizer without containing Ca + Mg with high-dosage Sulfur. Package of high-dosage compound fertilizer containing Ca + Mg without manure inccreased productivity (5.82%), sugar yield (8.26%) and economic benefit (54%) from package of low-dose fertilizer + manure. Package of very high-dosage compound fertilizer containing Ca + Mg inccreased productivity (32%), sugar yield (31,32%) and economic benefit (347,7%) from moderate-dosage fertilizer package.

KARAKTERISASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK 27 GENOTIPE CABAI BERDASARKAN MARKA SSR (SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT) Terryana, Rerenstradika Tizar; Nugroho, Kristianto; Rijzaani, Habib; Lestari, Puji
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v17i2.3313

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the high economical horticultural comodity in Indonesia and its genetic diversity contributes to the success of breeding programs. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers can be used to analyze genetic diversity among chili pepper genotypes. The aim of this research was to analyze the genetic diversity of twenty-seven genotypes of chili pepper by using 24 SSR markers. The collected data was analyzed using cluster analysis and principle coordinate analysis (PCoA). The result showed that high allele variation (4â17 alleles) was observed among chili pepper genotypes tested, with an average allele number and Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value was 7.708 and 0.758 (0.598â0.920) respectively. All of SSR markers showed PIC value >0.5 which indicated that these markers were suitable for chili pepper diversity studies with a high differentiation and with the average value of genetic diversity was 0.78. The clustering and principle coordinate analysis showed that twenty-seven genotypes of chili pepper were divided into two groups (coefficient of similarity 0.74 in cluster analysis) indicating a high genetic variability among them. Genetic diversity analysis in this study will be useful as an initial basis of selection for appropriate parents with desired traits to assist the breeding program of chili pepper in Indonesia.

MORFOLOGI, ANATOMI DAN UJI HISTOKIMIA RIMPANG Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb; Curcuma longa L. DAN Curcuma heyneana Valeton dan Zijp. Trimanto, Trimanto; Dwiyanti, Dini; Indriyani, Serafinah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Curcuma is a genus of family Zingiberaceae. Its rhizomes, as well as leaves, have long been used in the traditional medicine. This research aimed to examine the morphological and anatomical structure as well as the primary and secondary metabolites of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb, Curcuma longa L, and Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp. The Anatomical structure, histochemical test and secretory cell density were observed microscopically. The Histochemical test consisted of amilum, protein, lipid, tanin, alkaloid dan flavonoid tests. Observation of anatomical structures of the of rhizome showed that starch grains has a medium size and shape of starch was oval. Rhizomes of Curcuma longa and C. aeruginosa had a positive correlation for starch, protein, lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. C. heyneana has the highest density value on protein while C. longa has the highest density value on lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) BERDASARKAN MARKA INTER-SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS (ISSR) Subositi, Dyah; Widodo, Harto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) has been widely used as a medicinal plant to treat some diseases, such as fever, headache, and diuretic. Nowadays, there is no information of genetic diversity of this plant used in herbal formula by ethnic groups in Indonesia. The main objective of this study was to asses genetic diversity of alang-alang from 18 selected ethnic groups in Indonesia based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR). Location of sample collection was identified by using data on Research on Medicinal Plant (Ristoja) 2012. Total DNA genome was isolated and ISSR primer screening were done on collected samples. Ten selected ISSR primers produced 74 amplified DNA fragments 58, fragments (78.4 %) were polymorphic. Dice index similarity was used to construct UPGMA dendrogram. The genetic similarity indexing which among accessions was ranged from 70.5â90.5% thereby indicating a low level of genetic diversity occurred in alang-alang. The results of this study also showed that ISSR markers were able to genetically differentiate alang-alang accessions by which this information can be useful for further researchs such as for standardization of medicinal plants.Â

HUBUNGAN KARAKTER FENOTIPIK DAN HASIL BIJI PLASMA NUTFAH KACANG TUNGGAK [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] MENURUT ANALISIS LINTASAN Mastur, Mastur; Setyowati, Mamik; Susilowati, Dwi N.
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Selection of high quality seedling through plant breeding activity can be conducted using yielded seeds, but usually it produces a low heritability. Therefore, this study was aimed to examine and analize several secondary phenotypic characters of 115 cowpea germ plasms in relation to seed yield. Relationship between secondary characters and seed yield was analyzed using path analysis. The result of path analysis showed that the number of cluster and the number of pod exhibited direct and significant effect to the seed yield of cowpea. Therefore, number of cluster and number of pod are necessary to be included as the selection criteria for breeding programme to produce high quality cowpea seedling with high yield.

Pichia pastoris: SEL RAGI UNTUK PRODUKSI PROTEIN REKOMBINAN Herawati, Neng; Kusumawati, Arizah; Santoso, Adi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pichia pastoris is a group of methylotropic yeast known as a host of expression and protein production which is widely used for biopharmaceutical-based drug production. This yeast can grow fast with a high cell density. Its genetic stability, high cell density, and stress resistance make the development process and scale-up of P. pastoris can increase to a scale of 200,000 liters of culture. In contrast to the expensive and complex development of recombinant protein production in mammalian cells, the development of production in P. pastoris is relatively simple and cheaper. The advantage of P. pastoris as an expression system is that it is able to use methanol as a carbon source by inducing the expression of alcohol oxidase oxidase (AOX) enzyme. Promoter used by this enzyme is also used as a strong promoter for the expression of proteins that we want. Unlike in bacterial and mammalian systems, recombinant protein production in Pichia cells is not contaminated with endotoxins or viruses so it is safer and simplifies the downstream processes in bioproduction. The level of endogenous protein in the low supernatant allows Pichia to cultivate with a high volumetric productivity, therefore the process of protein production becomes very economical. This review provides an overview of several things that must be considered in utilizing P. pastoris as an expression system including the selection of vectors, strains, vector integration mechanisms into the genome, glycosylation processes, and applications in industry.

STUDI ETNOBOTANI JENIS REMPAH YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM BUMBU MASAKAN TRADISIONAL ADAT DI KERAJAAN ROKAN KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU, RIAU Tribudiarti, Melly; Syamsuardi, Syamsuardi; Nurainas, Nurainas
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Rokan Kingdom was a small kingdom that is now located in Rokan Hulu regency of Riau Province. This region is bordered by North and West Sumatra Province to the north. Rokan Kingdom has a diversity of Indigenous cultures and traditional as an influence of Malay, Minangkabau, Mandailing and Java ethnics. Cultural differences effect people to use variety of herbs as spice in cooking. This study aims to determine the species of plants used as spices in the traditional cuisine within Rokan Palace, Riau and to understand the use value (UV) of each plant. A field survey and interviews were conducted to obtain plant materials and determine its utilization. The voucher specimen stored at Andalas University Herbarium (ANDA), Padang, West Sumatera. Total species obtained in this study is 29 species from 17 families. All of collected plants are used in 16 traditional cuisines. Allium cepa (shallot) has the highest UV = 0.91 as the most common species used as a traditional cooking spice in Rokan Palace.

BARKODING DNA BURUNG ELANG (FAMILI ACCIPITRIDAE) DI INDONESIA Zein, Moch Syamsul Arifin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene is a reprensentative of all the protein-coding genes of the mitochondrial DNA genome that has been widely used as an animal species identification tool. In this study, 86 sequences of DNA barcodes of members of the family Accipitridae in Indonesia including Nisaetus bartelsi, Nisaetus cirrhatus, Haliaeetus leucogaster, Spilornis cheela, Haliastur indus, and 11 sequences from Genbank were examined. Each species was confirmed through the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The construction of phylogeny trees based on COI gene sequences was performed by the Neighbors-joining method where the calculation of the genetic distance matrix with the Kimura 2-parameter model was implemented in pairwise distance calculation in the Mega version 6.05 programe. The results of the analysis showed that the divergence within species ranged from 0 to 0.3% (0.13 Â± 0.12%), between species ranged from 1.6 to 18.5% (12.8 Â± 3.73%), between genera ranged from 13 to 18.6%, and the average in the Accipitridae Family was 11.8%. Therefore, it could form clusters in each species cohesively and clearly separated between the taxa analyzed.

PROFITABILITAS DAN KERAGAAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN Tor tambroides DENGAN FREKUENSI PAKAN YANG BERBEDA Subagja, Jojo; Radona, Deni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Fish of Tor genus have a slow growth character that resulted in increasing production cost. The high production cost is related to the high price of feed. Fish growth can be triggered by an optimal feeding. A feeding strategy is needed to improve the efficiency of production cost. This study aimed to determine the profitability and the performance of the seedling thai mahseer fish with different feeding frequencies. This study was conducted in Germplasm Research Station, Cijeruk in March-April 2014. The fish used in the experiment have a standard length of 2.29 Â± 0.12 cm and weight of 0.32 Â± 0.07 g derived from induced breeding spawning of the broodstock natural catches which was adapted for four years in pond concrete. The fish were reared in the aquarium (dimension= 40 x 30 x 30 cm) with a water height of 20 cm and a stocking density of 50 individuals each. The experiment was designed by using three treatments and three replications for each treatment. Fish were feed using commercial feed (protein content = 28%) as much as 20% per day of the total biomass. The treatment observed was feeding frequency, namely (A) three times/day, (B) twice/day, (C) once/day. Results of the experiment for 40 days showed that the increasing values of length, weight, specific growth rate, survival rate, biomass and FCR were not significantly difference (P>0.05). The highest benefit value was obtained in the treatment of feeding with a frequency of three times/day (Rp. 332.304 Â± 14.819,-).

HUBUNGAN PANJANG DAN BERAT, FAKTOR KONDISI , FEKUNDITAS, DAN PERKEMBANGAN TELUR IKAN TENGADAK (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) DARI SAROLANGUN, JAMBI DAN ANJONGAN, KALIMANTAN BARAT, INDONESIA Kusmini, Irin Iriana; Subagja, Jojo; Putri, Fera Permata
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) is one of the potential local fish to be cultivated as a food or pet fish. The data and information of the growth pattern of species are essential for fish farming success. The observation on the length and weight relationship is an usefull indicator to determine the pattern of growth fish observed. This study aims to determine the growth patterns of tinfoil barb fish based on length and weight relationship, condition factor and fish fecundity of tinfoil barb from Sarolangun, Jambi and Anjongan, West Kalimantan. The 30 samples were taken randomly from each group. Data were analyzed using analysis regression Microsoft Excel. The result showed that the regression coefficient of length and weight relationship was 2.811 for Sarolangun and 2.686 for Anjongan. The regression value indicates that the the growth of tinfoil barb was allometric negative, with an average factor condition ranged from 0.99 to 1.002. Length and weight relationship had determinant value (R2) ranged from 0.79 to 0.96, with the fecundity ranged from 20168 to 232.040 eggs from 9â45.5g of gonad weight.Â

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