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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23382449     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 271 Documents
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COMODIFICATION OF MAENGKET DANCE IN MINAHASA, NORTH SULAWESI IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA Ivan, Ivan; Kutha Ratna, I Nyoman; Meko Mbete, Aron; Semadi Astra, I Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This research explores Comodification of Maengket Dance in Minahasa (TariMaengket hereon abbreviated to TM) in the globalization era. It reveals the empiricalfield reality related to comodification. The influence of global culture in Minahasa hasbeen responsible for the cultural practices of capitalism such as the emergence of culturalindustry which refers to the comodification of cultural forms as amusement industry,mass culture, popular culture and culture of consumerism. The TM has been comodified,commercialized, touristified in such a way that new meanings and forms are created.This research is focused on (1) form of the comodification of the TM inMinahasa, North Sulawesi in the globalization area; (2) the factors which have beenresponsible for the comodification of the TM Minahasa, North Sulawesi, and (3) theeffects and meanings of the comodification of the TM in Minahasa, North Sulawesi in theglobalization era.The related data were collected through interview, observation and documentationand they were descriptively, qualitatively and interpretatively analyzed. The data sourcesare some key informants and some other ordinary ones. The purposive method wasemployed to interview them. The theories used are the theory of comodification(Fairlough), the theory of popular culture (Williams and Agger), the theory ofdeconstruction (Derrida) and the theory of representation (Hall).The research findings show that comodifation has tended to the shift of the TMvalues following the pattern of arts organized by the ruler and entrepreneur, the pattern ofdistribution carried out through the inter group or institutional power relationship, andthat the form of comodification has taken place from the process of production to thecommunity of consumers which have been conditioned. It has also been found out thatthe factors of the supporting community, the creativity of the artists, Christianization,industry of culture, mass media and tourism have been responsible for the comodificationof the TM in Minahasa. The effects of the comodification are that the orientation of themagic-religious values has shifted to Christianity, the creativity of the artists has beenshackled, and the minahasanese political identity has become crystallized. And then, themeanings of the comodification are competitiveness, contestation, image, well-being, andrepresentation of minahasanese identity.
SOCIAL PRACTICE OF PEDAGANG ACUNG (VENDORS) AT KINTAMANI TOURIST AREA, BANGLI, BALI Widiastini, Ni Made Ary; Ardika, I Wayan; Astawa, Nengah Dasi; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9, No 2 (2016): May 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This present study is intended to explain the social practice performed by the pedagang acung (vendors) at Kintamani Tourist Area, Bangli Regency, Bali Province. In selling their commodities, the vendors cannot be separated from those who are involved in the development of tourism. In this present study the data were collected through observation, interview and library research. The data were eclectically analyzed using the theory of social practice and some other supporting theories. Such theories were used to identify various forms of the social practice performed by the vendors. The result of the study showed that in practice the vendors interacted with various parties involved in the development of tourism at Kintamani, Bangli. The consequence was that they fought for the capital as they had different interests. Having a limited amount of capital caused them to be marginalized by those who had bigger amounts of capital. The economic, social and cultural capitals they had caused them to be suspected of the sources of the problems in the development of tourism at Kintamani. They should not have been negatively viewed but should also have been positively viewed. In other words, they should have been viewed as those who ran entrepreneurship with limited amounts of capital who could also reduce the rate of unemployment and contribute to the economic development in Bangli Regency in particular and Bali Province in general.
IDEOLOGICAL CHANGE OF ULU AMBEK DANCE IN PARIAMAN COMMUNITY, WEST SUMATRA -, Yulinis
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 3, November 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This present study discussed the ideological change of ulum ambek (UA) dance resulting from the impact of globalization. This is indicated by the fact that the young generation is getting less interested in performing UA dance in Pariaman. This study, in which qualitative, critical, holistic, and emancipatoric approaches were used, analyzed the form of, the factor contributing to, the meaning and the impact of the ideological change of UA dance in Pariaman community. The relevant theories used are the theory of ideology, the theory of hegemony, and the theory of semiotics. The data were collected using observation, interview, and documentary techniques, and were qualitatively and interpretatively analyzed. The results of the study showed that the form of the ideological change of UA dance performed in Pariaman was related to the ideology of what is referred to as penghulu (Muslim leader). The values of life such as the learning of good manners or better known as batarik (regulations for conduct) were expressed through UA dance. The meanings of UA dance included knowledge, values, and the belief adhered to in the Pariaman culture. The impact of the ideological change of UA dance was related to the people’s welfare, solidarity, and the balance between human and the nature. The value of tageh constituted the aesthetic meaning of UA dance and the value of creativity constituted the value of creative development and the value of ideological development. Theoretically, this present study revealed that the ideological meaning of UA dance in Pariaman West Sumatra included the aesthetic value referred to as tageh which was related to the aesthetics of UA dance performance and the bataratik value was related to the ideology of the Pariaman community, apart from the appearance of creativity related to the development of UA dance.
THE TEMPLE OF BESAKIH, SUKUH, AND CETHO: THE DYNAMICS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BALI AND JAVA Ardhana, I Ketut; Sulandjari, Sulandjari; Setiawan, I Ketut
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 1, February 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (604.149 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2018.v11.i01.p01

Abstract

Besakih is one of the biggest Hindu temple in Bali and the temple of Sukuh and Cetho are the Hindu temple that still existing in Central Java. These temples have their similarity and differences in the context of how to develop the sustainable tourist development in Indonesia. However, there are not many experts who understand about the cultural relation between the temple of Besakih in Bali, Sukuh and Cetho in Central Java. This becomes important since the indigenization process that took place in the past of history in the two islands are significant to be understood in terms of social cultural, economic and political development in which their influences can be seen at the modern and postmodern Balinese culture. The development of Balinese temple of Besakih can be considered in the 11th century, while for Sukuh and Cetho temple after the fall of Majapahit kingdom in the 15th century. Therefore, it can be said that Hindu did not only develop in Bali, but also in Central Java, in which the development of Hindu for the beginning already took place indeed in the 7th to 8th in the context of Hindu Mataram namely in the era of king Sanjaya. The main questions that are need to be addressed in this paper are how was the process of the end of Majapahit culture that caused the cultural indigenization in the central Java such as shown in the temple of Sukuh and Cetho? Secondly, in which cultural context that occurred since the Javanese kingdoms did not influence the strength of the Hindu culture in the later period? Thirdly, how can it be compared the similarity and the difference between the indigenization in Bali and in Central Java?and lastly how the Balinese and the Javanese interprete their own culture in terms of local wisdom? By addressing these questions, it is expected to have a better understanding on how both communities can strengthen their own culture in the context of their prosperity.
RELIGIOUS PRACTICE PERFORMED BY THE HINDUS AT SENDURO VILLAGE, LUMAJANG, EAST JAVA Harsana, I Ketut Gede; Parimartha, I Gde Parimartha; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Suastika, I Made Suastika
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2015): Volume 8, Number 1, Februari 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The religious practice performed by the Hindus at Senduro Village cannot be separated from the context of the relationship between the dominant culture of the Bali Hindus and the subculture of the Hindus at Senduro Village. The Bali Hindus who are stronger culturally, economically and symbolically affect the religious practice performed by the Hindus at Senduro Village in regard to their tatwa (philosophy), acara (ritual) and organization. The problems formulated in this article are as follows: the forms, the contributing factors, and the meaning of the religious practice performed by the Hindus at Senduro Village. The qualitative method was used to obtain the data needed in the present study. The theories used are the theory of practice, the theory of subaltern, the theory of semiotics, and the theory of identity. Before the temple was constructed the Hindus at Senduro Village was classified as the followers of what is referred to as Kejawen. The reason was that their religious practice was highly specific and different from the religious practices performed by the Hindus in the other areas. After the Mandara Giri Semeru Agung Temple was constructed, the Hindus at Senduro Village were affected by the Balinese in the way in which they perform their religious practice. Such an impact could be observed from the aspect of their tattwa (philosophy), the aspect of their religious ritual, and the aspect of their religious organization.
NATIONAL EXAMINATION IN PERSPECTIVE OF CRITICAL PEDAGOGY Kerta Adhi, Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 1, May 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This study aims at identifying the factors contributing to why the policy on national examination is given priority, how the policy on national examination is presented in the system of educational management, its implication andrepresentation in the system of educational management applied in Senior High School in Tabanan. The critical theories such as the theory of hegemony, the theory of social practice and the theory of management in the perspective of critical pedagogy were eclectically used in the present study. Qualitative method using the approach of cultural studies was employed. The data were collected using participatory observation, in-depth interview and documentation study. The data were validated using triangulation method and descriptive-qualitative technique. The result of the study showed that the factors contributing to why the policy on national examination was given priority were educational politics and state policy, socio-cultural and global influence. The policy on national examination was represented in the school and class management by the agents within and outside school. The implication was that there was such a coalition among the agents that all the students would pass the national examination. The process of how the national examination was undertaken and the result which appeared to be good (all the students passed turned out to be hyperreality. Therefore, it was necessary to reconstruct the national education.
POWER BEHIND HARMONY: CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY OF RELATION BETWEEN CHINESE ETHNIC GROUP AND BALINESE ETHNIC GROUP AT PUPUAN VILLAGE, TABANAN, BALI Aryana, I Gusti Made; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Atmadja, Nengah Bawa
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 3, August 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (520.439 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2017.v10.i03.p02

Abstract

The harmonious relation between the ethnic groups living at Pupuan Village can be evidenced by the inter-ethnic marriages. The problems of the present study can be formulated in three questions. They are why the Chinese ethnic people can live harmoniously with the Balinese ethnic people, how is the dynamics of the power behind the harmonious relation between the Chinese ethnic people and Balinese ethnic people at Pupuan Village, and how the educational model implemented by the Chinese ethnic people and Balinese ethnic people is developed to contribute to the harmonious relation between the two ethnic groups from the ethno pedagogic perspective. The descriptive and qualitative method was used in the present study. The data were collected through in-depth interview, observation, and documentary study. The data were analyzed using the interactive analysis method. The theories used include the Theory of Practice proposed by Bourdieu, the Theory of Discourse of Power/Knowledge proposed by Foucault, theory of Habernas Education, and so forth. The result of the study shows that there are several reasons why the relation between the Balinese ethnic people and Chinese ethnic people has become harmonious. They use power and capital. The Balinese ethnic people use the spiritual capital (the capital of cultural power) through the values of the local genius. The Chinese ethnic people use the socio-economic capital they have to make the domination of the Balinese people balanced. The dynamics of the power behind harmony shows that the relation between the two ethnic people at Pupuan Village is made to be diluted resulting from the power of the internal (local) people and the external (national) people which can be seen from the religious aspect, political aspect, socio-cultural aspect, and socio-economic aspect. The ethnopedagogic educational model is developed using different media such as the societal organization, the social activity in the forms of ngayah (doing voluntary religious things) and ngoupin (helping other people living in the neighborhood prepare and perform their traditional and religious activities).
CONFLICT AMONG PARTIES IN MODERNIZATION OF ECOSYSTEMS AT SUBAKS LOCATED IN BULELENG AND TABANAN REGENCIES OF BALI AT IRRIGATED BY SHABA RIVER Arthanegara, I Nyoman; Ardika, I Wayan; Bawa Atmaja, Nengah; Sutawan, Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Conflict among parties of subak ecosystem is a conflict of interests resulting from themodernization made by political community with regard to the subculture ofpelemahan of ecosystem. The political and economic communities forcemodernization on the subak ecosystem leading to an ideological conflict betweenmodernism and the philosophy of Trihita Karana. Modernism has been responsiblefor the conflict among the parties of ecosystem in palemahan, pawongan andparhyangan of the subaks irrigated by Sabha River.Participation in group discussion, semi structured interview and transek were themethods employed in collecting the data. The triangulation including at least threerelevant theories was employed for analyzing the data.Political communities interfere with the development by applying the theoryof hegemony. The political community in collaboration with the economic communitydominates modernization which is sectoral in nature and the planning andimplementation of the development. Partial development approach, which contrastswith the theory of ecosystem (Pollunin, 1996), causes the farming community lifeprocess and the cultural values existing in the ecosystem of the subak to degrade. Theinterference of the political community in collaboration with the economiccommunity with the subak ecosystem is more dominant in the subculture ofpalemahan which is materialistic in nature so that advantages can be obtained byscience and technology. Consequently, the philosophical values of trihita karana arebroken. Such a conflict takes place due to the different interests in the subakecosystem , which is full of cultural values for the farming community. Alteration tothe land status, the imbalance between the cost spent and the yields produced and theviolation of the growing pattern are responsible for the conflict.The institution of subak, which constitutes the realization of subculture of thesubak ecosystem, is swept aside by the political and economic communities. Thefarming community members that are the members of the subak institution are madenot to be facilitated to take part in the development process in the subculture ofpalemahan . Modernization in the subculture of palemahan of the subak ecosystemdone by the political and economic communities is beyond the subak institutioncausing it to violate the traditional values of the subak institution which refer totogetherness regulated by the subak rules and regulations. Modernization, which isdone by the political and economic societies by science and technology, breaks theunified existence of Trihita Karana in the subak ecosystem environment.Modernization in the development of the subculture of palemahan ecosystem degrades the spiritual values attached to the subculture of parahyangan. Thedevelopmental intervention in the subculture of palemahan done by the political andeconomical communities is not begun from the implementation of the subculture ofparahyangan. This contrasts with the cultural values existing in the subak ecosystem.The conflict of subak ecosystem among the parties results from the failure ofmodernization. The developmental intervention is only done in the subculture ofpalemahan, while the subcultures of pawongan and parahyangan of the subakecosystem are marginalized from their habitats. The failure in developing theinfrastructure of the subculture of palemahan of the subak ecosystem in the areasirrigated by Sabha River results from the fact that the subaks are functioned to be thedevelopmental objects. In this case, the theory of participatory can offer solutions tothe conflict and the developmental failure, especially in the ecosystem of subaksirrigated by Sabha River. The reason is that the parties play equal roles in developingthe environment of the subak ecosystem.
THE STRUGGLE OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT OF TANAH LOT CULTURAL HERITAGE IN BERABAN VILLAGE, TABANAN Laksmi, A.A. Raka Sita; Ardika, I Wayan; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 4 (2015): Volume 8, Number 4, November 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The struggle of management of Tanah Lot tourism interest cultural heritage is a conflict among Tabanan government, CV Aryjasa Wisata, and Beraban people because of the unsatisfactory of the community toward the involvement of CV Aryjasa wisata. The problems in this research are (1) how is the dynamics of the struggle in managing tourism interest cultural heritage Tanah Lot, (2) what is the ideological background of the struggle in managing tourism interest of Tanah lot, and (3) what is the meaning of the struggle of management of Tanah Lot tourism interest. They are analyzed by applying theory of practice (Bourdieu), theory of power and knowledge (Foucault), and theory of communicative acts (Habermas). Data collection is conducted by technique of observation, interview, and documentation. The result of the research shows, firstly, the dynamics of the struggle is a historical continuity and discourse discontinuity started from the emergence of the idea in 1971 until 2011 which produced four systems of management which covered personal, contract, collaboration and partnership. The practical struggles includes system of management, position of operation manager, ownership of cultural heritage, and the struggle of power. The representation of the struggle’s result is in the form of management board construction and operation management. Secondly, the ideological background of the struggle covers capitalism, tourism, and tri hita karana. Thirdly, the meaning of the struggle covers; democratization strengthen, community empowerment, cultural heritage preservation, and the needs of the tourism industry image.
ANDIR AS A SCARED DANCE AT TISATA VILLAGE, KERAMBITAN, TABANAN REGENCY Arshiniwati, Ni Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 3, Agustus 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Tariandir in the village Tista is a form of Legong Kraton tarisejenis the Tista community called andir.Strukturkoreografinyasangatdekatdengantarilegongkeraton , tetapitari Andir only flourish in the village Tista Kerambitan.Tari inidifungsikan as guardian and bebali art that in the play always involves Rangda sungsungan society , baikditampilkansebagaibagiandariceritamaupunhanyasebagai " witness " pementasannya . Qualitative research by applying the theory of representation , ideology theory , aesthetic theory , and the theory of semiotics examines the main problems that dance andirsebagai sacred art in the village Tista Kerambitan . The results showed that as the art sakraltari Andir related to : ( 1 ) the use of equipment ( sacred objects ) in the form of engagement rangdasungsungan ( Ratu Ayu Lingsir and Ratu Ayu Anom ) , yangdipercayamemilikikekuatanmagis which dapatmelindungimasyarakatTista ; ( 2 ) any activity that is carried out is always through a process with the ceremony accompanying the various upakara ; ( 3 ) the culprit is the elect ( chosen girls who have not experienced puberty and is seen as a dancer who kesenengin chosen and blessed by God ) ; ( 4 ) where the play is holy places associated with yadnya ceremony at the local and pretended to be done every 210 days ( every six months in Bali or six times thirty- five days ) ; ( 5 ) the play time is the time it was considered kramat (sacred time ) and associated with yadnyadan ceremony ( 6 ) community supporters ( who believes that dance is a dance sacred Andir kesakralannya sourced from sungsungan Rangda .

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