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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 19783728 EISSN : 24429740 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Dentistry

The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016" : 11 Documents clear

Inhibitory effect of jengkol leaf (Pithecellobium jiringa) extract to inhibit Candida albicans biofilm Muhammad Luthfi; Ira Arundina; Nizamiar Hamni
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Candida albicans (C. albicans) are dimorphic fungi in oral cavity, considered not only as normal flora, but also as pathogens. C. albicans have an ability to grow biofilm, which has a thick layer of outer skin structure, called as extracellular matrix. Jengkol leaves (Pithecellobium jiringa) contain alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and lectins, which have an ability as antifungal agent Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the optimum dose of jengkol leaf extract as antibiofilm against C. albicans biofilms. Method: C. albicans were cultured on yeast peptone dextrosa (YPD) media in 96-well microtiter plate flat bottom plates. There were one control group (without treatment) and three treatment groups. The first treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/ ml. The second treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 200 mg/ ml. And, the third treatment group was given jengkol leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg/ ml. Semi quantitative method was applied to determine C. albicans biofilmsis using Crystal Violet staining technique. The absorbance of the cells then was calculated using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 570 nm. Result: The mean value of optical density in the control group was 1.23. The mean value of optical density in the treatment group with a dose of 100 mg/ ml was 0.2. Meanwhile, the mean value of optical density in the treatment group with a dose of 200 mg/ ml was 0.2, and 0.21 in the treatment group with a dose of 400 mg/ ml. The results also showed that there were significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The optimum dose of jengkol leaf extract used as antibiofilm against C. albicans biofilms is 100 mg /ml with an inhibitory percentage of 83.7%.

Acceleration of fibroblast number and FGF-2 expression using Channa striata extract induction during wound healing process: in vivo studies in wistar rats Gunawan Oentaryo; Istiati Istiati; Pratiwi Soesilawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Wound healing is a biological process associated with tissue growth and regeneration. Wound healing process, is important to repair damaged tissue. Wound healing process consists of coagulation and hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, as well as remodeling phases. The process can be accelerated by taking synthetic or non synthetic drugs. One of them is Channa striata extract. The extract contains albumin, copper, and zinc, which can be assumed to increase inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen secretion. Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the effects of Channa striata extracts on fibroblast number and FGF-2 expression in mucosal wound healing process of the Wistar rats’ lower lip. Method: This research was a true laboratory experimental research with randomized post test only control group design. Samples of experiment were devided to experiment and control group that consist five samples each. Experimental group was treted with Channa striata extract and ethanol at concentration of 25%, 50%, and 100%. The fibroblast number and FGF-2 expresion were examined. Result: The number of fibroblasts in the treatment groups receiving Channa striata extract at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% was higher than in the control group. The highest number of fibroblasts was found on day 3 at the concentration of 100% (p<0.05). Similarly, FGF-2 expression in the treatment groups receiving Channa striata at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% was higher than in the control group. The highest expression of FGF-2 was found on day 3 at the concentration of 50% (p<0.05). Conclusion: Channa striata extract increased fibroblast number and FGF-2 expression in mucosa wound healing process.

Compressive strength and porosity tests on bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan scaffolds Nadia Kartikasari; Anita Yuliati; Indah Liatiana Kriswandini
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Degenerative diseases, aggressive periodontitis, trauma, jaw resection, and congenital abnormalities can cause defects in jaw bone. The surgical procedure for bone reconstruction currently performed is bone regeneration graft (BRG). Unfortunately, this procedure still has many disadvantages. Thus, tissue engineering approach is necessary to be conducted. The main component used in this tissue engineering is scaffolds. Scaffolds used in bone regeneration is expected to have appropriate characteristics with bone, such as high porosity and swelling ratio, low degradation rates, and good mechanical properties. For those reasons, this research used scaffolds made from bovine hydroxyapatite (BHA), gelatin (GEL), and chitosan (K)/BHA-GEL-K as one of biomaterial candidates for bone regeneration. Purpose: This study aimed to determine compressive strength value and porosity size of BHA-GEL-K scaffolds. Method: Compressive strength of BHA-GEL-K scaffolds was tested using autograph with speed 10 mm/ min with a load cell compress machine of 100 kN. Compressive strength was calculated by force divided to surface area. Porosity test was measured using SEM. Scaffold were coated with Pb and Au, then the porosity size is calculated with SEM at 100x magnification. Result: BHA-GEL-K scaffolds had a mean compressive strength value of 174.29 kPa and a porosity size of 31.62 + 147.06 lm. Conclusion: It can be concluded that BHA-GEL-K scaffolds has a good compressive strength, but not yet resemble real bone mass, while porosity of BHA-GEL-K scaffold is appropriate for bone tissue regeneration application.

Effect of Cassave leaf flavonoid extract on TNF-α expressions in rat models suffering from periodontitis Zahara Meilawaty; Banun Kusumawardani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Bacteria playing a role in periodontitis are Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that can release endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS acts as a stimulus to a variety of host cells that can stimulate expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in periodontal disease, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Increased TNF-α then can lead to periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, cassava leaves have many health benefits due to flavonoid organic compound contained, known to possess anti-inflammatory activity are used as a medicine. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of cassava leaf flavonoid extract as a basic ingredient of anti-inflammatory gel on TNF-α expression in Wistar rats suffering from periodontitis induced with Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS. Method: This study used 24 male Wistar rats. Those rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. Group 2 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. Group 3 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 25%, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. Group 4 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 25%, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. Group 5 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 50%, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. And, group 6 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 50%, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. The topical Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel was inserted into gingival sulcus on the first right molar of their lower jaw by using a blunted syringe needle. The gel was given two times a day for 7 days. Result: The expression of TNF-α in the control group was more than that in the treatment groups given the Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentrations of 25% and 50%. The expression of TNF-α in the treatment groups given the cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentration of 50% was lower than that in the treatment groups given the cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentration of 25%. Conclusion: Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel could be used as an anti-inflammatory gel characterized by a decrease in TNF-α expression in rat models suffering from periodontitis.

Corellation of p53 expressions and histopathological grading in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma Silvi Kintawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is a malignancy of oral cavity mostly occurred and can also metastasize. p53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene that plays an important role in carcinogenesis. The role of wild-type p53 is very important in suppressing the formation of a malignancy. p53 also has many other important functions. p53 is a suppressor of tumor/ cancer progression through the response of cell cycle to DNA damage and by giving time to repair DNA prior to replication of genes. p53 mutation, mostly occurs in a malignancy, so earlier histopathological transformation can be detected by observing p53 mutation. The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma in oral cavity, therefore, depends on histopathological grading and clinical staging of the tumor. To enforce the histopathological grading, in addition based on histopathology differentiation, the earlier histopathological transformation can also be assessed. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the correlation of p53 expressions and histopathological grading in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Method: This study was a retrospective study on 20 cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma examined at Department of Pathology Anatomy in Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung. Immunohistochemical examination was then performed using p53 antibodies to determine the correlation of p53 expression and histopathological grading in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma to predict prognosis. Result: The overall results showed that there was no correlation between p53 expression and histopathological grading in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity although there was a very strong correlation between p53 expression and histopathological grading I (p<0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was no correlation between p53 expression and histopathological grading in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, p53 expression cannot be used to predict a prognosis.

Effects of soy isoflavone genistein on orthodontic tooth movement in guinea pigs Sri Suparwitri; Pinandi Sri Pudyani; Sofia Mubarika Haryana; Dewi Agustina
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Osteoblast and osteoclast are the important factor in periodontal tissue remodeling for the orthodontic treatment success. Resorption process takes place in compression area by osteoclast and apposition in the tension area by osteoblast. In general hormone condition and age affect remodeling process. Estrogen has a high contribution in remodelling process and decreased in elderly individual such as menopausal women. Soybean contains isoflavone genistein which has similar structure and activity to estrogen. Many researchers indicate that isoflavone genistein not only has an inhibitor effect in osteoporosis but also has estrogenic and antiestrogenic effect as well. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the effect of soybean isoflavone genistein administration on osteoblast and osteoclast cells number in orthodontic tooth movement of young and old guinea pigs. Method: The research was quasi-experimental study with post test only with control design. The experimental animals were 24 male guinea pigs that divided into: young guinea pigs (±4 months old) and old guinea pigs (±2.5 years old). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups for receiving the treatment namely; control, orthodontic treatment, genistein treatment and orthodontic+genistein treatment. All of the subjects were sacrificed at day 7 and the specimens were histologically analyzed using tartrate resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP) and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and observed using microscope that connected to obtilab and an image raster program. Result: U Mann-Whitney statistical analysis showed there were significant differences in osteoblast cell numbers; between orthodontic treatment and orthodontic+genistein treatment in the old guinea pigs (p=0.004); between orthodontic treatment in the young guinea pig and orthodontic+genistein treatment in the old guinea pig (p=0.016); between orthodontics treatment and orthodontic+genistein treatment in the young guinea pigs (p=0.025). U Mann-Whitney statistical analysis showed there were significant differences in osteoclast cell numbers: between the orthodontic treatment in the old guinea pig and orthodontics+genistein treatment in the young guinea pigs (p=0.007); between orthodontic treatment group in the young guinea pigs and orthodontics+genistein treatment in the old guinea pigs; between orthodontic treatment and orthodontic+ genistein treatment in the young guinea pigs (p=0.007). All groups administered by genistein the numbers of osteoblast in the surrounding of the tension sites increased, while in the surrounding of the compression sites had less osteoclasts; even, there were no osteoclasts found in some samples. Conclusion: Soybean isoflavone genistein administration on orthodontic tooth movement increased osteoblast numbers in the tension sides and decreased osteoclast numbers in the compression sides.

Inhibitory effects of siwak (Salvadora persica. L) extract on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis planktonics and biofilms by in vitro Ika Rhisty Cendana Sari; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Diah Savitri Ernawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most persistent gram positive bacteria in root canal, resulting in secondary infection after endodontic treatment. E. faecalis pathogenicity is caused by overgrowth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. E. faecalis planktonics produce lipoteichoid acid (LTA) as a virulence factor that can defend their permeability cell. On the other hand, E. faecalis biofilms produce protease, such as Esp (enterococcal surface protein), GelE (gelatinase), and SprE (serin protease), that have quorum-sensing mechanism as an adhesion factor to form extracellular polysaccharide substance (EPS) and increase the growth of the biofilms themselves. Siwak (Salvadora persica L.) has active components, namely benzylisothio-cyanate, trimethylamine, and salvadorine that can inhibit the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. Purpose: This study aimed to measure inhibitory effects of siwak extract on the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. Method: This research was an antimicrobial research on the culture of E.faecalis incubated in a TSB medium. Siwak extract was diluted into different concentrations, namely 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 100%. The extract then was placed into the E. faecalis’s colony and planted into Trypticase Soy Agar medium. After incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, the colony would be measured and compared with the control (+) and control (-). As an antibiofilm research, this research used biofilm microtitter assay method to form E. faecalis biofilms incubated in a well-plate medium containing TSB and 0.1 % glucose. Siwak extract then was diluted into the same range concentration as in first method, and placed into the colony of E. faecalis to form biofilms. The biofilms were measured and compared to the control (+) given siwak extract and the control (-) given 0.1% chlorhexidine. After the incubation, they were washed three times, and staining process was conducted using Chrystal violet. The optical density then was measured by ELISA Reader 595 nm. Result: Siwak extract could inhibit the growth of E. faecalis planktonics at the concentration of 35% as a minimum inhibitory concentration as well as the growth of E. faecalis biofilms at the concentration of 45% as a minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration. Conclusion: Siwak extract has an inhibitory effect, particularly at a concentration of 35% on the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and at the concentration of 45% on the growth of E. faecalis biofilms.

Correlation of predictions to get a new dental caries with residence area and parental socio-economic conditions in adolescents in Sleman DIY Bambang Priyono; Hari Kusnanto; Al Supartinah Santoso; Dibyo Pramono
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Adolescence is a period when an individual experiences physical and psychological growth, thus requiring higher energy intake. As a result, they have a high appetite, but at the same time the supervision of parents on their oral hygiene behavior is decreases. They become free to choose their preferred food, sometimes containing high carbohydrates that may increase risks of dental caries and overweight. Sleman is one of districs in Yogyakarta, also considered as an agglomeration area of Yogyakarta town, which still has urban and rural areas. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the correlation between residence area and parental socioeconomic conditions with prediction to get a new dental caries. Method: This study was an analytic survey study conducted on 275 adolescents in Sleman. Samples were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling technique. Prediction to get a new dental caries was measured by using cariogram, involving 10 variables. Residence area was observed based on territorial characteristics, such as urban and rural areas matched to their ID card. Meanwhile, parental socio-economic condition was measured on daily expenses of their parents. A multiple regression analysis with dummy variables was used to analyses the correlation between the independent and dependent variables at a confidence level of 95%. Result: The results showed that the prevalence of caries in those adolescents in urban areas was 70.7%, while 81.95% in rural areas. The DMFT index in urban areas was 2.27, while 2.65 in rural areas. The mean percentage of prediction to get a new dental caries in urban areas was 47.83 ± 23.63, while 53.61 ± 24.68 in rural areas. The results of the statistical analysis then showed that there was no significant correlation of residence area and parental sosio-econimic conditions with prediction to get a new dental caries. Conclusion: In conclusion, residence areas, rural and urban areas, and parental socio-economic conditions, from low to high economic status were not correlated with prediction to get a new dental caries in adolescents.

Effects of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) brewing on levels of RANKL and TGF- β1 in orthodontic tooth movement Herniyati Herniyati; Ida Bagus Narmada; Soetjipto Soetjipto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement will be followed by periodontal ligament and alveolar bone remodeling. Orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) will be distributed through the teeth to periodontal ligament and alveolar bone and then will generate local pressure resulting in bone resorption and tension areas that will form new bone. Robusta coffee contains caffeine, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. Caffeine may increase osteoclastogenesis, and caffeic acid has antioxidant effects that may reduce oxidative stress in osteoblasts. Purpose: This study conducted to analyze the effect Robusta coffee steeping on levels of RANKL and TGF-β1 in orthodontic tooth movement. Method: 16 male rats were divided into 2 groups. Group C: rats given OMF, Group T: given OMF and coffee brew at 20 mg/ 100 g BW. OMF in rats was conducted by applying ligature wire on the molar-1 (M-1) and both incisivus of right maxilla. Subsequently, M-1 of right maxilla was moved to mesial with a Niti closed coil spring. Observations were made on days 15 and 22 by taking the GCF by putting paper point on the gingival sulcus of mesio- and disto-palatal areas of M-1 of right maxilla to determine the levels of RANKL and TGF-β1 using ELISA method. Result: The administration of coffee brew was effective to increase levels of RANKL and TGF-β1 in the compression and tension areas (p <0.05). RANKL levels in compression area were higher than in the tension area (p <0.05), while the levels of TGF-β1 in the tension area were higher than in the compression area (p <0.05). Conclusion: The administration of coffee brew was effective to increase the levels of RANKL and TGF-β, therefore it might improve alveolar bone remodeling process.

Oral health status of elementary-school children varied according to school they attended Sri Widiati; Al Supartinah Santosa; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Johana Endang Prawitasari
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Oral health has been promoted in elementary school. Oral health status is worsening among children aged 12 in Indonesia. Schools are an ideal social environment where dental health promotion strategies could be implemented to improve children’s oral health and to develop lasting good oral health behavior. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the association of sex, age, oral health behavior (tooth brushing practice, eating sweets and snacks, and routine dental health care visit) and family support, with oral health status among elementary school-children. Method: A school-based survey was carried out in 45 public elementary schools served by15 community health centers in Sleman, Yogyakarta. All fifth grade students (a total of 1191 students) in the schools were recruited as study participants after informed consent being given to parents. Questionnaires on health behavior and family support were administered to students, and examinations for OHIS and DMF-T were conducted by trained research assistants. Regression analyses (with R) were performed to identify whether sex, age, oral health behavior, family support and schools were significant determinants of oral health. Result: Females had higher DMF-T compared to males (1.93 vs 1.56), older children showed higher DMF-T. Effects oral health behavior and family support on OHIS and DMF-T were not significant after adjusting for school. School was significantly associated with OHIS and DMF-T. Conclusion: Sex and age were determinants of DMF-T. Oral health behavior and family support were not associated with OHIS and DMF-T. School was a consistent predictor of OHIS and DMF-T. School-based programs, especially targeted to certain schools with worse oral health, should be strengthened.

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Home Page

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Contact Name
Saka Winias

Contact Email
saka.winias@gmail.com

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
dental_journal@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota surabaya,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA