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Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23025255     EISSN : 25415328     DOI : -
"Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur" is a journal published by Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana, Bali since 2006. During 2006-2011 the journal's name was "Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin CAKRAM" (Scientific journal in mechanical engineering, CAKRAM). "Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur" is released biannually on April and October, respectively. We invite authors to submit papers from experimental research, review work, analytical-theoretical study, applied study, and simulation, in related to mechanical engineering (energy, material, manufacturing, design) to be published through "Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur".
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Articles 387 Documents
Second Law Of Thermodynamics Analysis Of Triple Cycle Power Plant Matheus M. Dwinanto
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 4, No.1 April 2010
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Triple cycle power plant with methane as a fuel has been analyzed on the basis of second law of thermodynamics.In this model, ideal Brayton cycle is selected as a topping cycle as it gives higher efficiency at lower pressure ratio comparedintercooler and reheat cycle. In trilple cycle the bottoming cycles are steam Rankine and organic Rankine cycle. Ammoniahas suitable working properties like critical temperature, boiling temperature, etc. Steam cycle consists of a deaerator andreheater. The bottoming ammonia cycle is a ideal Rankine cycle. Single pressure heat recovery steam and ammoniagenerators are selected for simplification of the analysis. The effects of pressure ratio and maximum temperature which aretaken as important parameters regarding the triple cycle are discussed on performance and exergetic losses. On the otherhand, the efficiency of the triple cycle can be raised, especially in the application of recovering low enthalpy content wasteheat. Therefore, by properly combining with a steam Rankine cycle, the ammonia Rankine cycle is expected to efficientlyutilize residual yet available energy to an optimal extent. The arrangement of multiple cycles is compared with combinedcycle having the same sink conditions. The parallel type of arrangement of bottoming cycle is selected due to increasedperformance.
Pengaruh perlakuan serat tapis kelapa terhadap kekuatan lentur skin komposit sandwich I Made Astika; I Gusti Komang Dwijana
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 10 No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstrak Penggunaan serat alam sebagai penguat komposit semakin berkembang. Indonesia sebagai negara beriklim tropis menghasilkan berbagai jenis serat alami seperti rami, abaca, agave, serat sabut kelapa dan serat tapis kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh perlakuan alkali serat (NaOH 5%) terhadap kekuatan lentur komposit sandwich serat tapis kelapa bermatrik polyester dengan core kayu albasia Bahan penelitian adalah serat tapis kelapa dengan panjang 15 mm, resin unsaturated polyester 157 BQTN, kayu albasia dan NaOH. Hardener yang digunakan adalah MEKPO dengan konsentrasi 1%. Serat tapis kelapa yang digunakan terdiri dari serat tanpa perlakuan dan dengan perlakuan alkali 2 jam. Komposit sandwich tersusun atas dua skin dengan core ditengahnya dan dibuat dengan metode cetak tekan hidrolis. Lamina komposit sebagai skin terbuat dari serat tapis kelapa-polyester dengan fraksi volume serat 30%. Spesimen dan prosedur pengujian lentur mengacu pada standar ASTM C 393. Penampang patahan dilakukan foto makro untuk mengidentifikasi pola kegagalannya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serat yang mendapatkan perlakuan alkali 2 jam NaOH menghasilkan kekuatan lentur yang lebih tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan karena perlakuan alkali pada serat tapis kelapa dapat membersihkan lapisan lilin (lignin dan kotoran) pada permukaan serat sehingga menghasilkan mechanical interlocking yang lebih baik antara serat dengan matrik poliester. Dengan ikatan yang lebih baik maka komposit tersebut akan mampu menahan beban lentur yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: komposit sandwich, serat tapis kelapa, perlakuan NaOH, kekuatan lentur Abstract The use of natural fibers as reinforcement composites is growing. Indonesia as a tropical country produces various types of natural fibers like coconut filter fiber. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of alkali treatment of the fiber (5% NaOH. The research material is coconut filter fiber, 157 BQTN unsaturated polyester resin, albasia wood, NaOH and 1% concentration hardener. Skin of composite sandwich consists of the fibers without treatment and 2 hours alkali treatment. Composite sandwich composed of two skins with a core in the middle and production method by hydraulic molding press. Lamina composite as a skin made of 30% volume fraction and 15 mm fiber length Flexural specimens and testing procedures based on ASTM C 393 standards. The results showed that fibers get 2 hours NaOH alkaline treatment resulted in a higher flexural strength. This is because the alkali treatment on coconut filter fiber can clean the wax layer (lignin and dirt) on the surface of the fiber resulting in better mechanical interlocking between the fibers with polyester matrix. Keywords: composite sandwich, coconut filter fiber, NaOH alkaline treatment, flexural strength
Pengaruh massa air baku terhadap performansi sistem destilasi IGNB. Catrawedarma
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.2 Desember 2008
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Clean water is requirement of very important human life. One of the method to be used for obtain clean water is destillation process. Important matter in destillation process is evaporation and condensation process, influenced by heating of standard water. Heating process of this standard water will influence by mass of standard water to be heated. Mass standard water which many will cause heating process become requiring long time, so that from that thing is conducted by examination with variations of mass standard water in basin. Examination conducted to get data which in the form of mass and temperature condensat which is accomodated in reservoa. For the next, from the data conducted by calculation to know performance of destillation sistem which it form are destillation rate, product efficiency, and system efficiency for the variations of mass standard water. From result of data analysis and calculation, can know that happened fluctuation of system efficiency and destillation rate. System efficiency depended from ratio between condensation energi (qc) of energi enter system (qin). Destillation rate depended from condensat mass ratio a time difference. From result of calculation got that variation of 3 kg standard water giving the best value from is fifth of standard water mass variation of with value : destilas rate average equal to 3,829 gr/mnt, total product efficiency equal to 80,42 %, and total efficiency average equal to 22,67 %.
Optimasi Derajat Kebebasan RedundantMekanisme Paralel Spherical 3-URU untuk Optimalisasi Kekakuan Kinematik Sepriyanto Sepriyanto; Syamsul Huda; Lovely Son; Mulyadi Bur
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 8 No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Pada paper ini dikaji optimasi postur mekanisme paralel 3-URU rotasi murni. Optimasi inidigunakan untuk memperoleh kekakuan kinematik yang optimal berupa kemampuanmekanisme meneruskan torsi input dan kemampuan mekanisme menahan gaya luar yangdinyatakan dengan indeks evaluasi (EI). Optimasi meliputi pemilihan parameter kinematikyang menggambarkan gerak platformyang dinyatakan dengan rotasi berurut berdasarkanEuler Angle dengan sistem rotasi Z-X-Z. Euler Angle tersebut dinyatakan dengan , , z x ? ? ? .Pada penelitian ini mekanisme paralel rotasi murni 3-URU diaplikasikan sebagaipengontrolan orientasi pahat pada mesin perkakas. Pada aplikasi ini sudut ? merupakansudut redundant yang menyatakan putaran pada sumbu yang tegak lurus terhadap bidangplatform. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa ? optimal merupakan fungsi sudutinklinasi platform ?()x yang dapat diformulasikan dengan6 5 4 3 2 1 -08( ) 4 -06( ) 0.0008( ) 0.0151( ) 0.3143( ? optimal ? ? E ?x ? E ?x ? ?x ? ?x ? ?x ) 3.9654( ) 79.977 x ? ? ? .Denganmenggunakan formulasi sudut redundant ini telah didapatkan kekakuan yang optimal yangdinyatakan dengan indek evaluasi EI.Kata kunci: kinematik, mekanisme paralel, constraint singularity, actuation singularityIn this paper was studied the optimization of posture of a 3-URU spherical parallelmechanism. The mechanism was applied tocontrol the orentation of platform represented bythree successive Euler Rotation Angles. The rotation angle was denoted as ? , ? , ? z x thatindicates the rotation about Z, X dan Z axis respectively. Based on the desired aplication, thethird rotation angle, ? was recognized as redundant degree dof because such rotation is notrequired as orienting tool. The optimization was carried out to realize optimal kinematicstiffness of the mechanism to transmit the torques and to restrict the external forces acting onthe center of platform motion indicated by evaluation index, EI. Based onthis works, it wasobtained that the optimal ? is a function ofthe angle of inclinationplatform,? x formulated as6 5 4 3 2 1 -08( ) 4 -06( ) 0.0008( ) 0.0151( ) 0.3143( ) 3.9654( ) 79.977 optimal x x x x x x ? ? ? E ? ? E ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . The optimizegave the highes of EI.Keywords: kinematic, parallel mechanism, constraintsingularity, actuationsingularity
Investigasi Eksperimental Pengaruh Laju Aliran Massa Air Pada Solar Termal Tipe CPC Edi Marzuki; Mokhamad Nur Khasan; Yogi Sirodz Gaos; Mulya Juarsa; Muhamad Yulianto
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 9 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstrak:Optimasi penggunaan energi matahari masih perlu ditingkatkan, salah satunya dengan menggunakan kolektor surya.Panas yang diterima digunakan sebagai sumber kalor untuk sistem pembangkit Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC).Kegiatan penelitian diawali dengan desain, konstruksi, dan pengujian kolektor termal solar, tipe concentrated paraboliccollector (CPC). Banyak paramater yang mempengaruhi capaian temperatur pada CPC, salah satunya laju aliran.Tujuan penulisan makalah adalah untuk menentukan temperatur optimal CPC berdasarkan perubahan laju aliransecara eksperimen. Investigasi secara eksperimental dilakukan untuk dapat memanfaatkan potensi radiasi matahariyang bisa mencapai 5,2 kWh/m2 sebagai media evaporasi pada sistem pembangkit ORC yang merupakan langkahawal penelitian. Kolektor surya tipe CPC yang digunakan memiliki geometri panjang 1 m, tinggi 0,9 m, lebar alas 0,028m, lebar tutup 1,16 m. Solar collector dilapisi dua bahan yang berbeda yaitu polistirena foam dengan tebal 0,02 m danarmaflex dengan tebal 0,02 m. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran besaran radiasi dantemperatur pada dinding kolektor, temperatur masuk air, dan temperatur keluar air. Pengambilan data radiasi mataharimenggunakan lux meter dan temperatur menggunakan thermocouple tipe K. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah temperaturcapaian maksimum terjadi ketika laju aliran massa air paling rendah.Kata kunci: Kolektor surya, CPC, temperatur, laju aliran, ORCAbstract:Optimization of solar energy utilization is still needs to be improved, either by using solar collectors. Absorbed heat willuse as a heat source for an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) plant system. Research activities begins with the design,construction, and testing of solar thermal collectors, the type of concentrated parabolic collector (CPC). Manyparameters that affect the achievement of the temperature on the CPC, one of which flow rate. The purpose in thispaper is to determine the optimal temperature CPC based on changes in flow rate experimentally. Experimentalinvestigation has been done to exploit the potential of solar radiation that could reach 5.2 kWh/m2 as evaporation mediain ORC plant system as the first step of the study. The CPC solar collectors type has geometries with length 1 m, height0.9 m, width of pedestal 0,028 m, and width 1.16 m cap. Solar collector coated with two different materials, namelypolystyrene foam with a thickness of 0.02 m and armaflex with a thickness 0.02 m. The data collection was performedby measuring the amount of radiation and temperature on the collector wall, the water inlet temperature, and wateroutlet temperature. Measurement for solar radiation was conducted using a lux meter, and temperature using athermocouple type K. The results of this study shows that the highest of temperature achievement is occurs for thelowest mass flow rate.Keywords: Solar collector, CPC, temperature, flow rate, ORC
Analisis Kinerja Alat Penukar Kalor Jenis Shell and Tube Pendingin Aliran Air pada PLTA Jatiluhur Yopi Handoyo; Ahsan .
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 5 No 1 (2012): Oktober 2012
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

This paper presented a shell and tube heat exchanger with type BFU, that is by making its performanceanalysis. Result of this evaluation will be compared to appliance with performance prediction heatexchanger second with type BFS, besides result of the prediction will be compared to result of examinationof second type which done by in PLTA JATILUHUR. This analysis require to be done by because heatexchanger with type of BFU often happened leakage especially at rear head because at the shares quicklyhappened conglomeration of deposit. The detailed design on heat exchanger components was done basedon Standards of Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA). The heat exchanger type that waschosen is BFS type with two shell and two tube passes. According to the chosen heat exchanger geometry,the fluid flow in shell side was analyzed by CFD software to find flow pattern and properties of this fluid.The result of fluid flow analysis with CFD software is accurate enough or close to the theoretical analysisresult. Therefore, it is important to analyze fluid flow along the shell in different surface of cross section withcertain spacing to find completed conditions of fluid. More detailed design and analysis of heat exchangeris needed to have a heat exchanger design that can be fabricated and have good performance.
Pengaruh unsur Tembaga (Cu) terhadap fluiditas paduan Al-Si 11.8 wt% (ADC 12) dengan metode Vacuum Suction Test Bambang Suharno; Is Prima Nanda; Bustanul Arifin; Demas Seto
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 1, No.2 Desember 2006
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Al-Si 11.8 wt% alloy which classified to eutectic Al-Si composition usually used to produce a flat casting product with high pressure die casting process. Alloying element become an important things to determine behavior and characteristic of aluminum. Copper added into aluminum to improve strength and hardness, but there has no many studies on the effect of copper on fluidity. This fluidity study is using vacuum suction test method and the microstructure is observed with SEM/EDS. Spectrometer test has been used to find out chemical composition of sample. The result of this study shows that with copper addition from 2.25 wt% to 3.11 wt%, the fluidity value has increased 24.11% on 680oC pouring temperature. On 3.11 wt% copper composition, fluidity value has increased 14.38% from 640oC pouring temperature to 700oC pouring temperature.
Analisis Karakteristik Getaran Pada Balok Jepit Bebas yang Terbuat dari Material Komposit Serat Bambu dengan Variasi Posisi Penggetar Hammada Abbas; Mukhtar Rahman
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 7 No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa karakteristik getaran pada material komposit seratbambu dengan variasi penempatan posisi penggetar dan arah serat. Metode yang digunakandalam penelitian ini yaitu metode lamina, serat disusun tiga lapis dengan variasi arah 00/00/00,00/300/00 dan 300/00/300, sedangkan untuk metode analisa data adalah metode Euler-Bernoulli, data karakteristik getaran ditentukkan pada posisi penggetar 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm,40 cm, dan 50 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kekakuan specimen akibat perubahanpenempatan posisi penggetar pada setiap specimen dengan arah serat yang berbeda adalah13.571 N/m dan 1099.227 N/m untuk arah serat 00/00/00, 44.208 N/m dan 3580.842 N/m untukarah serat 00/300/00 serta 38.387 N/m dan 3109.334 N/m untuk arah serat 300/00/300.Amplitudo maksimum yang terjadi diperoleh pada serat dengan arah 00/00/00 yaitu 0.000670 mdan minimumnya -0.000487 m pada sepesimen dengan arah serat 300/00/300. Nilai frekwensinatural (?n) material komposit serat bambu dipengaruhi oleh arah serat dan modulus elastisitasbahan, dimana untuk serat dengan arah 00/00/00 nilai frekwensi natural (?n) maksimumnya49.534 rad/s dan minimum 5.504 rad/s, dan serat dengan arah 00/300/00 nilai frekwensi natural(?n) maksimumnya 97.849 rad/s dan minimum 10.872 rad/s serta serat dengan arah300/00/300 nilai frekwensi natural (?n) maksimumnya 53.573 rad/s.Kata kunci: Serat bambu, posisi penggetar, karakteristik getaran, metode Euler-Bernoulli.This study aimed to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bamboo fiber composite materialwith a variation of positioning of the vibrator and the direction of the fiber. The method used inthis research is the method of lamina, fiber composed of three layers with variations of thedirection of 0o/0o/0o, 0o/30o/00 and 30o/0o/30o,whereas for data analysis method is the method ofEuler-Bernoulli. The characteristic of data vibration was determined in the positions vibrator of10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm. The results showed that the specimens rigidity due tochanges in the positioning of the vibrator on each specimen with different fiber direction is 13571 N / m and 1099,227 N / m for the direction of the fiber 0o/0o/0o, 44 208 N / m and 3580,842N / m for the fiber direction 0o/30o/0o and 38 387 N / m and 3109,334 N / m for fiber direction30o/0o/30o. The maximum amplitude occurs with the direction of fibers obtained on 0o/0o/0o thatthe minimum -0.000487 0.000670 m and m on specimen with 30o/0o/30o fiber direction. Thevalue of natural frequency (?n) bamboo fiber composite material is influenced by the directionof the fiber and the modulus of elasticity of the material, where the fiber with the direction of0o/0o/0o the value of natural frequency (?n) maximum 49 534 rad / s and a minimum of 5504rad / s, and fiber with directions 00/300/00 value of natural frequency (?n) maximum 97 849 rad/ s and a minimum of 10 872 rad / s as well as fiber to the direction 300/00/300 value of naturalfrequency (?n) maximum 53 573 rad / s.Keywords: Bamboo fiber, position vibrator, vibration characteristics, Euler-Bernoulli method.
Perilaku Perambatan Retak Pada Sambungan Las Busur Rendam Plat Baja Fep05 Sujita -
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 4, No.2 Oktober 2010
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Pengelasan Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) merupakan pengelasan yang banyak digunakan untukpenyambungan struktur seperti perkapalan, bejana tekan, dan jembatan. Sambungan struktur di lingkungan korosifakan mengalami lelah korosi (corrosion fatigue) dan korosi retak tegangan (stresss cracking corrosion). Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mempelajari perilaku perambatan retak fatik di lingkungan korosif hasil pengelasan SAW plat bajaFeP05. Pengelasan, menggunakan bahan pengisi (filler) jenis CHW-S3 dan fluks CHF101GX. Sifat khas perambatanretak fatik dengan konsentrasi 3,5% NaCl dibandingkan dengan perambatan retak fatik di udara. Standar pengujianrambat retak menggunakan ASTM E647, jenis spesimen middle tension (MTS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perambatanretak fatik dengan konsentrasi 3,5% NaCl mengalami penurunan siklus fatik sebesar 10 %.. Media korosi 3,5% NaClmemiliki sifat yang mempercepat fatik pada K kurang dari 23,269 MPa.m1/2, laju perambatan retaknya (dA/dn) lebihbesar dari udara, sedangkan untuk K lebih dari 23,269 MPa.m1/2, laju perambatan retak udara lebih besar.
Pengaruh Parameter Pemotongan Pada Proses Bubut Ulir (Threading) Terhadap Kepresisian Geometri Ulir Magnesium Paduan AZ31 Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim; Alan Suseno; Arinal Hamni
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 12 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (250.636 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JEM.2019.v12.i01.p01

Abstract

Magnesium telah dikembangkan dalam bidang kedokteran yaitu sebagai material untuk implan dalam tubuh. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan bahwa faktor utamanya adalah sifat magnesium sangat mirip dengan sifat tulang manusia. Sekrup AZ31 menunjukkan kekuatan tarik keluar yang serupa dengan sekrup stainless steel saat ditarik dari bahan tulang sintetis, dan tingkat degradasi jenis sekrup Mg-alloy di ruang tulang sumsum dan otot lebih cepat daripada di ruang tulang kortikal. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pembuatan ulir pada magnesium AZ31 sangat mendukung untuk diaplikasikan pada bidang material biomedic. Kepresisian geometri ulir akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap kwalitas ulir, terutama pada saat ulir bekerja bila sudah digunakan sebagai penyambung tulang. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dapat dilakukan variasi pada parameter proses pemesinan magnesium, yaitu parameter pemotongan pada saat pembubutan ulir untuk mendapatkan hasil yang paling baik akurasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai kesalahan tinggi ulir minimum yaitu 0,018188 mm didapatkan pada parameter kecepatan spindel 424 rpm dan kedalaman potong 0,433015. Nilai kesalahan jarak puncak ulir (pitch) minimum yaitu 0,0205 mm didapatkan pada parameter kecepatan spindel 212 rpm dan kedalaman potong 0,649523 mm. Nilai kesalahan sudut minimum yaitu 0,603 didapatkan pada parameter kecepatan spindel 212 rpm dan kedalaman potong 0,324761 mm. Magnesium has been developed in the field of medic as a material for implants. The results of previous studies show that the main factor is the characteristic of magnesium very similar to the characteristic of human bones. AZ31 screws show outward tensile strength similar to stainless steel screws when pulled from synthetic bone material, and the degradation rate of Mg-alloy screw types in the marrow and muscle bone space is faster than in cortical bone space. This shows that the screw making on magnesium AZ31 is very possible to be applied in the biomedical material field.The precision of the screw geometry will have an effect on the quality of the thread, especially when the screw works when it has been used as a bone joint. To overcome this problem, variations in the machining process parameters are carried out, the cutting parameters at the time of screw turning to get the best accuracy results. The results showed that the minimum screw depth error value is 0.018188 mm, obtained at the spindle speed parameter of 424 rpm and depth of cut 0.433015 mm. The minimum pitch error value is 0.0205 mm obtained on the parameters of the spindle speed of 212 rpm and depth of cut 0.649523 mm. The minimum angle error value is 0.603 ° obtained in the parameters of the spindle speed 212 rpm and the depth of cut 0.324761 mm.