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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526951     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 830 Documents
 79   80   81   82   83 
Utilization of Nylon-Based Eggshell Waste in the Making of Microfiltration Membranes for Reducing Metal Fe3+ Krisna Yudha Syahputra; Malikhatul Hidayah; Wardatul Bahiyyah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.68705

Abstract

Eggshell waste can be used as an additive for membrane manufacture; one of the ingredients that can be utilized is CaO. CaO from duck eggshells can be extracted using a calcination process for 3 hours at 900℃. In the calcination results carried out by the FTIR test, Ca-O groups were formed at the group wave number of 478.62 cm-1. The membrane was prepared by adding the synthesized CaO in a nylon membrane, and the FTIR results showed that the 10%, 20%, and 30% nylon-CaO membrane was at wave number 444.56 cm-1, 444.61 cm-1, and 444.66 cm-1, which shows the Ca-O group. The application of the nylon-CaO membrane by carrying out the filtration process for Fe3+ metal ions, seen from the flux and rejection values of the addition of 30% CaO to the membrane, resulted in a flux value of 147.29 L/m2.hour and a rejection of 99.6%. The nylon-CaO membrane was also carried out by SEM-EDX-mapping analysis. It was seen that the 30% nylon-CaO membrane had a pore size of 2.77 μm which included an asymmetric microfiltration membrane that contained 0.46% mass Ca which was spread throughout the membrane
Effect of the Addition Variations Cocamide Diethanolamine on Physical Characteristics Preparation of Citronella Oil Shampoo Nyi Raden Alyaa S Eryaputri; Siti Triannisa; Alifiana F Damayanti; Alifah J Za’ani; Muhammad Eggy Fahlevy; M Farhan; Najla Amelia; Raditha N Putri; Shilvia Fetria S; Armi Wulanawati
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.69143

Abstract

Dandruff is still one of the causes of reduced self-confidence which can hinder the comfort of doing activities. Dandruff is a disorder in the form of excessive flaking of dead skin on the scalp, sometimes accompanied by pruritus (itching) and inflammation. Fragrant citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.)) is a natural product and contains several chemical compounds, including citronellal, citronellol, geraniol which have antifungal and antibacterial activity, so it is used as the main ingredient in the anti-dandruff shampoo. Applying citronella oil directly to the skin is considered less practical and effective. Surfactants such as ammonium lauryl sulfate also function as cleaning agents and foaming agents as well as emulsifying agents. Cocamide DEA is used to increase the viscosity, stabilize and improve foam quality. HPMC is added to increase the thickness of the shampoo, and menthol provides a refreshing and cooling effect. The shampoo formulation was made into 3 formulations consisting of citronella oil shampoo base and various concentrations of Cocamide DEA 6%, 8%, and 10%, as well as lemon scent to offset the scent of citronella oil. The shampoo obtained is thick, has a distinctive aroma, bone white in color, pH 9 and foam height of 1-5 cm. The higher the concentration of Cocamide DEA used, the higher the foam produced in the citronella leaf extract shampoo preparation.
In Silico Study of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) as a Drug Therapy for Blood Cancer (Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN)) targeting JAK-2 Rizky Prasiska Wulandari; Kevin Gabriel; Halwa Aulia Nurdin; Diffa Hauna F. Pakhrul; Sabiq Salmandhiya Harits; Natasya Prameswari; Alya Puteri Agustina Pribadi; Diah Lia Aulifa
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.69942

Abstract

Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder. A commonly found related gene mutation is a mutation of the JAK2 kinase, thus making it a potential MPN pharmacotherapeutic target. One such pharmacotherapeutic agent with this mechanism is Ruxolitinib, which has anemia and thrombocytopenia as side effects. Based on literature, the parsley herb has a potential as an anticancer. The activity of the secondary metabolites of parsley herb were tested on JAK2 in-silico, with the goal being to develop a potential MPN pharmacotherapeutic agent candidate with minimized side effects. This was done by redocking a native ligand (5-amino-3-[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]-N-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide) and docking 15 test ligands which are secondary metabolites of parsley herb to JAK2. The Gridbox that was used is situated on x center : 10.06, y center -7.342, z center -20.32 with 0.375 Å units. The test ligand with the best binding potential to JAK2 is luteolin, with a binding energy of -8.13, inhibition constant of 1.1, hydrogen bonds on GLN A: 553, SER A: 698, LYS A: 581, GLN A: 626 VAL A: 629, and other bond types on ILE A: 559, LEU A: 579, LEU A: 680.
The Effect of Sorbitol Concentration on the Characteristics of Starch-Based Bioplastics Rega Desramadhani; Samuel Budi Wardhana Kusuma
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.70390

Abstract

Bioplastics are plastics that can be decomposed naturally by microorganisms into environmentally friendly compounds. One of the natural materials that are widely used to make bioplastics is starch. Potato starch and taro starch have the potential as raw materials for making bioplastics, but it is necessary to increase the brightness of the starch by modifying the starch using NaOCl. Bioplastics made from starch have low mechanical properties, so it is necessary to add a material that can improve mechanical properties, namely a plasticizer. The addition of sorbitol as a plasticizer is expected to improve the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The production of bioplastics begins with the oxidation of potato starch and taro starch, then the plasticizer sorbitol is added with various concentrations of 1.5; 2; and 2.5 (%v). Bioplastics are characterized by testing physical and mechanical properties. The addition of sorbitol concentration affects the physical and mechanical properties produced. The best treatment for the manufacture of bioplastics based on oxidized potato starch and taro starch was obtained at a sorbitol concentration of 1.5% v with a tensile strength of 3.77 MPa and 2.53 MPa, elongation of 19.96% and 8.53%, Modulus Young 18.87% and 29.71%, thickness 0.1669 mm and 0.1517 mm, and water uptake of 74.90% and 66.47%. The results of identification of the functional groups of starch and bioplastics indicated the presence of the same functional groups in the same absorption area. The morphology of bioplastics from oxidized potato starch showed a rough surface, while the surface morphology of bioplastics from oxidized taro starch showed a smooth surface.
Optimization Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction of Dye from African Tulip Leaves (Spathodea Campanulata P. Beauv) and Optimization of it’s Application as A Textiles Dye Silvia Tri Ayu Ningtias; Harjono Harjono; Cepi Kurniawan; Samuel Budi Wardhana Kusuma
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.70623

Abstract

Along with the development of the textile industry in Indonesia, the use of synthetic dyes is also increasing. The use of natural dyes is an alternative to synthetic dyes because they are not toxic and harmless to the environment. African tulip leaves (Spathodea Campanulata P. Beauv) have potential as natural dyes because they contain tannins and flavonoids. African tulip leaf dyes were obtained by Ultrasound-assisted Extraction (UAE) extraction with variations in extraction times of 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes with the solvents used, namely ethanol and methanol. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of the type of solvent and extraction time on the dye content and test the resistance of the dye extract to washing. The results showed that the most optimal time for extraction of UAE in ethanol solvent was 15 minutes and methanol was 30 minutes. The process of applying the dye used the mordant KAl(SO4)2 and FeSO4 with various concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 g/L) to increase the fastness to washing. The best results were shown by cotton cloth with the KAl(SO4)2 mordant at a concentration of 30 g/L, while the FeSO4 mordant at a concentration of 10 g/L was proven by a low ∆E value. The characterization results of African tulip leaf extract using FTIR and UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed the presence of flavonoids and tannins in the extract characterized by the presence of functional groups O-H, C-H, C=C, C=O, C-O-C, and C-O and the presence of peaks in the flavonoid absorption area and the visible light region at a wavelength of 662 and 660 nm.
Extraction of Natural Dyes from Babadotan Leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method and Its Utilization in Fabric Dying Amalia Rahmawati; Harjono Harjono
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.71669

Abstract

Natural dyes are used as an alternative to synthetic dyes which have a negative impact on human health and the environment. Plants that can be applied as natural dyes are babadotan weed. In this study, extraction of natural dyes from babadotan leaves was carried out using the UAE method. Identification of compounds contained in dyes using UV-Vis instruments, FTIR, phytochemical tests, and total tannin and flavonoid tests. The yield test on the extracted extract showed that 70% ethanol extract produced the highest value when compared to other samples. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the three extract samples positively contained tannins, while the flavonoid phytochemical test showed that the aquadest extract positively contained flavonoids. The results of the FTIR instrument test show that the three extract samples produce functional groups contained in tannin compounds. The test results of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer instrument indicated the possibility of a C=O chromophore. The total tannin content test showed that the 70% ethanol viscous extract showed the highest value, while the total flavonoid content test showed that the aquadest viscous extract showed the highest value. Dyeing fabrics treated with FeSO4 mordant showed more intense color results when compared to fabrics treated with other mordant. Stability test of dyed fabrics against washing with detergent and drying in direct sunlight for 6 hours showed good color fastness.
Analysis of Quality and Metal Contamination in Consumption of Iodized Salt to Guarantee the Quality of Salt Circulating in Society Fathia Nuha Salsabila; Nuni Widiarti; Windarti Windarti; Pradia Paundradewa Jayawardana; Pudhi Listyorini
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.71739

Abstract

Garam merupakan sumber elektrolit dan iodium yang sangat penting bagi tubuh manusia. Garam konsumsi yang akan beredar ke masyarakat harus memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penjaminan kualitas garam konsumsi beriodium dapat dilakukan dengan analisis kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian standar mutu garam konsumsi beriodium yang akan diedarkan ke masyarakat dengan SNI. Metode penelitian ini berdasarkan SNI 3556:2016 antara lain: (1) Analisis kadar air dengan gravimetri; (2) Analisis bagian yang tidak larut dalam air; (3) Kadar NaCl dengan argentometri; (4) Kadar KIO3 dengan iodometri; (5) Analisis cemaran logam dengan flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga bentuk garam yaitu garam kasar, garam halus, dan garam briket. Kadar air ketiga garam memenuhi syarat dengan nilai di bawah 7%. Bagian yang tidak larut pada garam kasar memenuhi syarat, sedangkan garam halus dan garam briket tidak memenuhi syarat dengan nilai di atas 0,5%. Kadar NaCl ketiga garam tidak memenuhi syarat minimal SNI yaitu 94%. Kadar KIO3 garam kasar tidak memenuhi syarat minimal SNI yaitu 30 mg/kg, sedangkan garam kasar dan briket memenuhi syarat. Cemaran logam Pb dan Cd memenuhi syarat dengan nilai di bawah 10 mg/kg dan 0,5 mg/kg.
Pb2+ Absorption of Metal Ions Using an POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE (PVDF) - Al2O3 Membrane Wardatul Bahiyyah; Malikhatul Hidayah; Krisna Yudha Syahputra
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.71911

Abstract

Perkembangan industri di suatu negara yang semakin pesat dapat menyebabkan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan berupa pencemaran logam berat yang berasal dari limbah hasil industri yang tidak diolah secara sempurna. Salah satu jenis logam berat yang keberadaannya tidak dibutuhkan makhluk hidup dan mempunyai sifat toksisitas tinggi adalah logam timbal (Pb). Dampak peningkatan konsumsi Pb dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan gangguan pada saluran pencernaan. Membran PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) dibuat dengan penambahan Al2O3 untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Al2O3 terhadap karakteristik dan kinerja membran dalam pengurangan ion logam Pb2+. Membran PVDF dan PVDF - Al2O3 dikarakterisasi dengan kuat tarik, sudut kontak, dan uji fluks rejeksi. Membran PVDF 20% memiliki kuat tarik terbaik dengan nilai 7,55 MPa dan penambahan Al2O3 meningkatkan nilai kuat tarik menjadi 7,85 MPa. Penambahan Al2O3 pada membran PVDF dapat meningkatkan sifat hidrofilitas membran dengan menurunkan nilai sudut kontak dari 106,0° menjadi 83,6°. Membran PVDF - Al2O3 mampu meningkatkan nilai fluks hingga 38,997 L/m2.jam dan meningkatkan koefisien rejeksi hingga 97,44%. Nilai kadar ion logam Pb2+ berhasil diturunkan dari kadar 10 mg/L menjadi 0,225 mg/L.
Synthesis, Characterization, and The Antifungal Activity of Nanosilver In Mangrove Juice (Sonneratia caseolaris) Arfinda Mulya Dewi; Titik Taufikurohmah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.72193

Abstract

Perairan Indonesia memiliki potensi sumber daya laut yang tinggi, sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, Indonesia juga merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki kawasan hutan mangrove (hutan bakau) terluas di dunia. Salah satu potensi dari tanaman mangrove yang mulai banyak dikembangkan yakni buah mangrove sebagai sumber pangan, seperti sari buah mangrove pedada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis, karakterisasi, dan uji aktivitas antifungi nanosilver dalam sari buah mangrove. Pada penelitian ini sari buah mangrove dibagi menjadi tujuh perlakuan yakni K- tanpa penambahan agen antifungi (sebagai kontrol negatif), K+ dengan penambahan 0,1% natrium benzoat (sebagai kontrol positif), F1 hingga F5 dengan variasi kadar penambahan nanosilver sebesar 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, dan 20%. Uji aktivitas antifungi dilakukan menggunakan metode Direct Microscopic Count (DMC) dengan teknik penghitungan langsung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditunjukkan bahwa penambahan nanosilver memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata di tiap konsentrasinya terhadap aktivitas antifungi dalam sari buah mangrove pedada. Perlakuan pada sampel F2 (dengan kadar penambahan nanosilver 12%) merupakan formulasi optimum dari semua perlakuan. Pada uji organoleptik, penambahan nanosilver hanya memberikan pengaruh nyata pada warna namun tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata pada mutu fisik berupa aroma, tekstur, dan juga pH.
Calibration of Microplate Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer for Quality Assurance Testing of Vitamin C using Calibration Curve Method Martin Sulistyani; Nuril Huda; Ridho Prasetyo; Mohammad Alauhdin
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v12i2.72451

Abstract

Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Fluostar Omega Tipe Mikroplate di laboratorium Kimia FMIPA UNNES telah dipakai untuk praktikum, penelitian dan layanan pengujian sampel. Untuk menjamin hasil pengukuran yang valid, kalibrasi spektrofotometer tersebut perlu dilakukan secara berkala. Pada penelitian ini, kalibrasi dan verifikasi kinerja instrumen spektrofotometer UV- Vis Fluostar Omega Tipe Mikroplate dilakukan untuk penjaminan mutu pengujian kadar sampel. Sampel yang dianalisis adalah vitamin C dengan metode kurva kalibrasi. Kalibrasi yang dilakukan meliputi kalibrasi fotometri, dan kalibrasi panjang gelombang. Selanjutnya, validasi metode dan pengujian kadar vitamin C dalam sampel juga dilakukan. Akurasi fotometri pada daerah ultraviolet dan visibel serta akurasi panjang gelombang menunjukkan Persentase RSD < 2%. Nilai ini membuktikan bahwa pembacaan absorbansi dan panjang gelombang oleh alat sangat teliti. Uji lineritas standar vitamin C didapatkan persamaan linear y = 0,0164x + 0,1128 dengan nilai koefesien korelasi(R2) sebesar 0.9982. Validasi metode pengujian vitamin C didapatkan rata-rata persen galat, persen recovery, dan persen akurasi masing-masing sebesar 5,6784%, 94,3216%, dan 94,3216%, dengan kategori sangat teliti. Pengujian kadar sampel tablet vitamin C 500 mg didapatkan hasil yang sangat teliti dengan persen galat, persen recovery, dan persen akurasi masing-masing sebesar 8,2565%, 91,7435%, dan 91,7435%.

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