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Science and Technology Indonesia

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Published by Universitas Sriwijaya

ISSN : 25804405 EISSN : 25804391 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016

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Articles 521 Documents

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Removal lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) from juaro fish (Pangasius polyuranodon) using citric acid from pineapple extract (Ananas comosus) as chelating agent Pra Dian Mariadi; Rosnita Sebayang
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 4 (2017): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

An assessment of dietary risk of heavy metals exposure to human is important since it is the main of exposure. The aim of study to measure the contamination of lead and mercury in juaro fish meat and the effort to reduce contaminations using citric acid from pineapple extract as a chelating agent. Samples was soaked and boiled in citric acid extract at concentration 50%, 75 %, 100 % for, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min at 25 0C, 50 0C and 100 0C. The concentration of lead and mercury in Juaro fish lower than the maximum acceptable lever for Pb and Hg respectively (1mg/kg for Pb, 0,5 mg/Kg for Hg). The result indicated that after soaking and boiling in citric acid solution form pineapple extract at concentration 100 % for 45 min at 100 0C reducing heavy metals Pb from 0,02 mg.Kg-1 to 0,003 mg.Kg-1 and Hg from 0,011 mg.Kg-1 to lower than 0,0001 mg.Kg-1. The increasing of soaking time and boiling temperature, the levels of Pb and Hg in Juaro fish Tissue will decreasing.

Morphological Diversity of Rattan on The Three Conservation Areas In South Sumatera Baitika Baitika; Zulkifli Dahlan; Indra Yustian
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Research on the diversity of rattan morphology has been conducted in three forest conservation areas in South Sumatra i.e. Bentayan Wildlife Reserve, Bukit Cogong and Gunung Raya Wildlife Reserve. This study aims to analyze the diversity of rattan morphology in three protected areas in South Sumatra. This research uses purposive sampling method by exploring the forest area. The results showed that in the Bentayan Wildlife Reserve area were found 3 species of 3 genera while in Bukit Cogong Protected Forest were found 9 species of 3 genera and in the Bentayan Wildlife Reserve area were found 5 species of 3 genera. The morphology of rattans species in the three regions have different shapes and colors of thorns on the stem, the top and the bottom surfaces of the leaves, the climbing organ and the growth nature. The same rattan species were being found in the same of two or three locations, having morphological differences in diameter and length of the stem.

Flexibility of Custom Design over Simplex Lattice Design in Co-Processed Excipient Formulations Aris Perdana Kusuma
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Custom design is a modeling technique that puts forward the custom formula on the pharmaceutical formula optimization. The components may be adjusted to the formula constraints. However, these designs sometimes do not accommodate all the components used. In addition, its effectiveness is not necessarily optimal when compared with standard designs such as simplex lattice design (SLD). This study used microcrystalline cellulose PH 101 (MCC PH 101), lactose and K30 kollidon which were computerized. Custom design and SLD compared with Design Expert software based on previous research data. Tablet hardness and tapping index were used as test parameters to assess design effectiveness. The optimal formula result obtained was MCC PH 101: lactose: kollidon K30 80% each: 10%: 10% for SLD. This value differs from custom designs that get results in the absence of lactose proportions. Custom design prediction results actually get better value than SLD for tablet hardness and tapping index.

Study of the Effect of Proximate, Ultimate, and Calorific Value Analysis on Methane Gas Emission (CH4) on Combustion of Coal for Sustainable Environment Reni Arisanti; Maulana Yusuf; M. Faizal
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Coal is a hydrocarbon fuel consisting of a mixture of substances containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and containing less sulfur and nitrogen. Utilization of coal as fuel, especially in large scale causes methane gas emissions that can increase the impact of global warming, causing a decrease in environmental quality. Methane gas emissions in coal combustion are influenced by coal proximate and ultimate analysis. Proximate analysis includes moisture content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon, while ultimate analysis is carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. This study aims to determine the analysis of the effect of proximate, ultimate, and caloric value of methane emissions in coal combustion. This research is experimental, using quantitative method with descriptive and associative approach. The effect of proximate analysis, the lower the calorific value, the higher content moisture, the time and duration of coal combustion will be longer. Coal 5674 cal / gr, burning time 65 minutes, combustion length 39 minutes, moisture content 14.85%, coal 5747 cal / gr, burning time 60 minutes, duration of burning 31 minutes, moisture content 14.71%, coal 5617 cal / gr, burning time 49 minutes, combustion length 28 minutes, moisture content 12.17%, while coal 6992 cal / gr combustion time 38 minutes, combustion time only 4 minutes, and mosisture content 3.53%. Volatile matter in coal will affect the incubation period, the higher the volatile matter of the incubation period the faster. Coal 5617 cal / g incubation period 21 minutes, volatile matter 39.20%, coal 5674 cal / gr incubation period 26 minutes, volatile matter 38.39%, coal 5747 cal / gr, incubation period 29 minutes, volatile matter 39,30 %. For coal 6992 cal / gr incubation period 34 minutes, volatile matter 18.13%. The effect of ultimate analysis, the higher the carbon content, the higher the fixed carbon content, and the lower the hydrogen, the higher the calorific value of the coal and the less methane gas emissions. While the higher the oxygen content, the more burned the coal will be, the faster the incubation time and the longer burning time, so that the emissions of methane gas out into the atmosphere will be more and more.

Polystyrene Plastic Waste Conversion into Liquid Fuel with Catalytic Cracking Process Using Al2O3 as Catalyst Nurul Kholidah; Muhammad Faizal; Muhammad Said
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

The increase in energy consumption and an increase in the plastic waste generation are two major problems that arise along with economic growth and the increase in population. Styrofoam is one type of polystyrene plastic waste that can be processed into liquid fuels by cracking process. In this study, the cracking process of polystyrene plastic waste into liquid fuel carried by the catalytic cracking process using Al2O3 as a catalyst. This study aimed to determine the effect of the catalyst weight, length of cracking time and range of temperature in the catalytic cracking process of polystyrene plastic waste into liquid fuel toward the mass and characteristics of liquid fuels produced and to determine the composition of liquid fuels produced. The catalytic cracking process of polystyrene plastic waste with catalyst was done in the fixed bed type reactor by heating the reactor with a heater, where the process took place at temperature of 150°C, 200°C, 250°C and 300°C and the length of the process was varied into 20, 40, and 60 minutes and the catalyst weight was also varied, which were 4%, 6% and 8%, while the styrofoam weight was 250 grams. From the research, the highest mass of liquid fuel derived from polystyrene catalytic cracking process was in the amount of 48.8 grams and liquid yield percentage of 19.5% at temperature of 250°C, cracking time of 60 minutes and weight of 8% catalyst, while the characteristics of liquid fuel that were approaching the characteristics of gasoline was at temperatures of 250°C, cracking time of 60 minutes and weight of 6% catalyst, in which each value of density of 0.763 g/ml, specific gravity of 0.778 and oAPI gravity of 50.2. While other liquid fuels obtained from the cracking of polystyrene were still within the tolerance range characteristic properties of gasoline. Liquid fuels produced from the catalytic cracking process was analyzed using a GC-MS, in which the analysis results indicated that liquid fuels were included in the gasoline fraction.

Hepatoprotective effect of ethanol extract of matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata) against paracetamol-induced liver disease in rats Yosua Maranatha Sihotang; Eka Windiasfira; Hendro David Ginola Barus; Herlina Herlina; Rennie Puspa Novita
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 4 (2017): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

The hepatoprotective effects of matoa leaves were evaluated by paracetamol-induced injury in rat’s hepatocytes. The ethanolic extract of matoa leaves (EEML) at doses of 200, 300, 500 mg/kg, po and silymarin at dose of 100 mg/kg, po were given for seven days. Silymarin was given as the reference drug. Hepatoprotective effect was studied by measuring the level of AST, ALT, ALP and total protein in serum. In vivo, oral treatment with EEML at dose of 500 mg/kg significantly reduced AST, ALT, ALP in serum whereas total protein was not significantly reduce in each groups. These results indicate that the hepatoprotective action of EEML is likely related to its potent antioxidative activity. Neutralizing reactive oxygen species enhancing the activity of original natural hepatic-antioxidant enzymes may be the main mechanisms of EEML against paracetamol-induced injury. Keywords: Matoa Leaves (Pometia pinnata), Paracetamol, Silymarin, Hepatoprotection

Comparison Analysis of CBR Value Enhancement of Soil Type in Swamp Area by Addition of Fly Ash Indrayani Indrayani; Andi Herius; Arfan Hasan; Ahmad Mirza
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Roads was built on swamp areas should be consider the condition of the base soil, since the characteristics of the soil in swamp areas have always inundated and have a low soil carrying capacity (Subagyo, 2006). One of effort that could be done to improve the existing soil condition was used fly ash as a material for soil stabilization (Indera et al, 2016; Mina et al, 2016). This study was conducted to analyze the enhancement of CBR value on various soil types in swamp area by the addition of fly ash. Testing on the values of index properties, compaction, and CBR values was done in laboratory base on ASTM and AASHTO standars. The test results show that the type of soil at the location of the sampling is silty or clay gravel and sand, clay soil, and silty soil. The reduction of optimum water content after the addition of fly ash is the highest decrease of 20.92%. While the highest increase of dry content weight after the addition of fly ash was 0.904 gr / cm3. An enhancement in the value of CBR by the addition of 20% fly ash in the study area, however the increase magnitude depends on the existing soil types, ie 7.99% in the silty or clay gravel and sand, 6 - 8% in the clay soil and 0,22 - 5% on silty soil. This indicates that the addition of fly ash was the optimum used on the type of clay soil.

Accumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Flavoparmelia caperata and Usnea dasypoga As Air Quality Bioindicator in Palembang City Mirawati Mirawati; Arinafril Arinafril; M. Fasisal
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 3 (2018): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Flavoparmelia caperata and Usnea dasypoga lichen for the first time was used to assess the concentration of heavy metals in the air in Palembang City. 5 heavy metals Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, and Zn were measured using the transplant method. Both samples of lichen were collected from Gununghalu, Bandung. The lichen was transplanted at 7 points on the roadside, after 8 weeks, samples were collected and analyzed using SSA. The concentration of heavy metals accumulated in F. caperata was Fe> Cu> Zn> Pb> Cd, on U. dasypoga was Fe> Zn> Cu> Pb> Cd. The results showed that both types of lichen were very suitable to be used as an air quality bioindicator. The EC ratio of both transplanted samples showed higher levels of accumulation in U. dasypoga with a significant accumulation rate on Pb metal followed by Cu, Cd, Zn, and Fe. Furthermore, dendrogram showed clustering based on the concentrations of heavy metals accumulated at each station due to differences in density and vehicle type. This indicated that the metals have the same source which derived from emissions of motor vehicles, road construction activities, and other local anthropogenic activities.

Diversity of Phytophagous and Entomophagous Insect on Yellow Alder Flower (Turnera subulata J.E SM and Turnera ulmifolia L.) Around the Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis J.) Plantations Ryan Hidayat; Chandra Irsan; Arum Setiawan
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 3 (2018): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Yellow alder flower, with Indonesian name bunga pukul delapan, can influence the existence of phytophagous and entomophagous insect around any crops. The existence of these phytophagous and entomophagous insects would affect the diversity of predator and parasitoid insect species that come to these crops. This research was aimed to study the role of yellow alder flower in their influence of the presence of predatory and parasitoid insect that active in the Turnera subulata dan Turnera ulmifolia. The research was conducted at July to August 2017 in palm oil plantation of PT. Tania Selatan branch Burnai Timur 1. The results showed that phytophagous insect found in the yellow alder flower belonging to 6 orders and 25 families. Meanwhile for the entomophagous insect, it was belonging to the 7 orders and 15 families. The diversity index in Turnera subulate and Turnera ulmifolia was in range of 0.063 and 2.912 or higher than 2. The dominant index was low (in range of 0.091 to 0.125) and the evenness index was high enough in range 0.738 – 0.752.

Variety of Pests and Arthropods in Organic and Non-organic Rice Cultivation in South Sumatera Ardi Asroh; Abu Umayah; Yulia Pujiastuti
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 3 (2018): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

The system of cropping pattern and the use of fertilizer will be different to the diversity of pests and arthropods in paddy fields. The objective of this research is to determine the pest and arthropod pests in non-organic and organic paddy in paddy fields. The applied method is the plant observations that attacked pests by using 1 ha of organic paddy field and 1 ha of non-organic paddy field. The catching arthropods is the way to observed the insects by using insect nets, trap holes, yellow trays and light traps and analyzing the result by using the Shannon-Wiener equation. This research was undertaken on April 2016 to August 2016 in Sumber Suko village, BK. VIII, Gumawang district, regency of Ogan Komering Ulu east, South Sumatera. The result of this research pointed out that the variety of pest paddy crops is relatively diverse both in non-organic and organic paddy. The abundance and variety of arthropods in organic agriculture is higher at 1.39 than non-organic agriculture at 0.87 so it can affect the extent of pest attacks on organic paddy. The ecosystem of organic paddy. The ecosystems of organic paddy is more complex in the diversity of arthropods and the abundance of microorganisms than non-organic paddy systems.

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