Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

The Role of Philosophy of Science in Developing Students’ Critical and Creative Thinking Skills Rifadli Amin DG. M; Nurasma Ila Ismail; Mustamin Giling
Muaddib: Journal of Islamic Teaching and Learning Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : International Islamic Studies Development and Research Center (IISDRC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67055/csnkcb83

The era of disruption, marked by technological revolutions, an information explosion, and complex social dynamics, calls for the emergence of Muslim intellectuals who are not only religious but also adaptable, critical, and creative. This article aims to analyze the strategic role of the Philosophy of Science course in developing students’ critical and creative thinking patterns as a foundation for building adaptive intellectual capacity. The research employs a qualitative approach using the case study method, involving participatory observation in Philosophy of Science classes, curriculum document analysis, and in-depth interviews with fifteen students and five instructors. The research findings indicate that effective Philosophy of Science instruction serves as a metacognitive toolkit that empowers students, first to conduct critical analysis of the structure of knowledge, underlying assumptions, and the validity of arguments, whether in religious texts or contemporary issues; second, to develop intellectual creativity by formulating philosophical questions, mapping scientific problems in a multidisciplinary manner, and envisioning alternative solutions. The implications of this study indicate that the philosophy of science plays a very important role in fostering critical thinking among students, although in practice, some instructors still limit students’ thinking by relying solely on a single argument.

Pemikiran Muhammad Abduh tentang Pembaharuan Pendidikan Rizki A. Ramadhani; Nurhayati Masani; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Muhammad Abduh was one of Egypt's most influential Islamic reformers. He was not only a great scholar, but also a renowned writer, a successful educator, and a reformer of modern Egypt. His contribution to Islamic thought. One of Abduh's most important contributions was his contribution to the development of a new educational system in Egypt and other Islamic countries. He realized that education was the key to freeing Muslims from the shackles of stagnation and backwardness. Therefore, he encouraged the establishment of educational institutions that taught not only religious knowledge, but also general knowledge and practical skills. In this study using library methods, the formulation of the problem in this study is 1) How is the Life History of Muhammad Abduh? 2) How are Muhammad Abduh's Ideas Related to Anti Staticism, Rationalism, and Educational Reform? The results of this study are that Abduh succeeded in awakening the spirit of reform in education in the Islamic world. He emphasized the importance of education based on reason and experience, and encouraged Muslims not only to be trapped in dogma, but also to develop critical thinking.

Peran Agama dalam Membangun Toleransi dan Kerukunan Sosial di Tengah Keragaman Masyarakat: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai Sahbi Diti; Rifaldi Ahmad; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aims to analyze the role of religion in fostering tolerance and social harmony within the diverse community of Morotai Island Regency, North Maluku. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research was conducted through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving religious leaders, educators, and interfaith communities. The findings reveal that religion functions not only as a system of spiritual belief but also as a social instrument that strengthens solidarity and social cohesion in a plural society. Religious practices in Morotai reflect a living form of “social religion,” where religious values are integrated with local wisdom such as pela gandong, deliberation, and mutual cooperation. Furthermore, education, media, and the role of religious figures are identified as key factors in reinforcing the social ecology of tolerance. The study concludes that harmony in Morotai is not accidental but a social construct rooted in inclusive religious values and sustained communal practices.

Konsep Keadilan Gender dalam Perspektif Islam Wijayanti Eka Suryandari; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aims to analyze the concept of gender justice from an Islamic perspective by comparing it to Western feminist theories. The study aims to answer the question of whether Islam views gender equality as a form of social justice or whether it has its own principles distinct from the Western paradigm. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach. This research focuses on several issues: 1) What are the origins of gender formation? 2) Is gender influenced by biological factors or is it purely a social construct? Data were obtained from classical and contemporary literature discussing the concepts of gender, feminism, and justice in Islam, and then analyzed comparatively. The results show that Islam has upheld the principle of justice for men and women from the beginning through the teachings of monotheism, which place both men and women equal before God with complementary social roles. The differences in rights and responsibilities between the two are not a form of injustice, but rather a manifestation of the balance of functions in accordance with human nature.

Pemenuhan Hak Anak Pasca Perceraian: Analisis Normatif terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Raudatul Jannah; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Divorce is permissible under Islamic law. A divorce decreed by a religious court does not absolve parents of their obligations to fulfill children's rights, including the right to care, support, education, and protection. In divorce cases, custody of children under 12 years of age typically falls to the mother, with the father obligated to continue supporting the children of the marriage. This study aims to analyze the judge's legal considerations in religious court decisions regarding the fulfillment of children's rights after divorce. The research method used is normative juridical research, focusing on the legal approach and court decisions related to children's rights. Primary data consists of laws and court decisions, while secondary data consists of scientific journals. The results of the study indicate that the fulfillment of children's rights in the context of divorce encompasses a series of decisions and obligations that determine how both parents will participate in fulfilling the children's rights after the divorce. A normative juridical analysis of the judge's legal considerations in court decisions concludes that the judge's legal considerations were conducted comprehensively and based on applicable legal provisions.

Penghentian Ijtihad dan Dampaknya terhadap Pembaruan Hukum Islam di Indonesia Wijayanti Eka Suryandari; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Mei
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The discourse surrounding the closure of the door of ijtihad has shaped Islamic legal thought for centuries, yet its historical validity and contemporary implications remain contested. This article critically examines the construction of the cessation of ijtihad both as a historical narrative and as an ongoing epistemological challenge, with particular attention to its impact on Islamic legal reform in Indonesia. Using a qualitative-normative legal research methodology grounded in historical, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this study analyzes how the narrative of stagnation emerged through the convergence of Orientalist scholarship, internal juridical developments, and the political co-optation of religious authority. This research demonstrates that Indonesia presents a unique laboratory for observing the tension between stagnation and renewal of ijtihad, characterized by the coexistence of institutionalized collective ijtihad (through the MUI and NU), progressive judicial reasoning (exemplified by the Supreme Court ruling on wajibah wills), and persistent methodological contestation between maqāṣid-oriented reform and neo-literalist pressures. The central argument of this article is that the "closed door" metaphor is historically inaccurate and theologically problematic, yet its effective power as a disciplinary mechanism continues to constrain legal innovation. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated analytical framework that synthesizes critical historiography of ijtihad, socio-legal institutional analysis, and a case study of contemporary Indonesia to propose a contextualized model of ijtihad that bridges classical methodology with modern legal challenges.

Peran Spiritual dan Etika Perempuan dalam Karya Al-Ghazali: Implikasi untuk Pendidikan Gender Putri Humaira Djufri; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Mei
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This research explores the relationship between women's ethics in Al-Ghazali's thought and gender education in the contemporary Muslim world. Al-Ghazali, a prominent 11th-century Islamic scholar, emphasized the importance of spirituality and morality in daily life, including in the context of women. Through qualitative research using literature review methods, this study analyzes Al-Ghazali's works, particularly "Ihya Ulum al-Din," to identify ways in which his proposed spiritual values can be applied in educational curricula to support gender equality. The findings reveal that Al-Ghazali acknowledges women's equal rights and responsibilities in pursuing knowledge and spiritual development, positioning women not merely as domestic subjects but as autonomous spiritual beings. His concept of justice ('adalah) demands full recognition of equal dignity for all humans, regardless of gender. This research demonstrates that integrating Al-Ghazali's spiritual and ethical values into gender education curricula can create more inclusive learning environments, overcome gender stereotypes, and promote women's active participation in various aspects of life. Despite implementation challenges such as gender stereotypes and cultural norms, significant opportunities exist to advance gender education in the Muslim world through Al-Ghazali's progressive perspectives on women's roles in society.

Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Ikhtilaf di Kalangan Imam Mujtahid dan Implikasinya terhadap Hukum Islam Kontemporer Nurhayati Masani; Puti Humairah Djufri; Icksan Asry Fabanjo; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Mei
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Disagreements (Ikhtilaf) among mujtahid imams are an inevitable epistemological phenomenon in the Islamic legal tradition. This article analyzes the factors causing these differences, ranging from differences in understanding of texts, the istinbath method, the acceptance of hadith, to the socio-cultural context surrounding the mujtahids. Using a normative-qualitative approach with a literature review method, this article examines classical sources of ushul fiqh and contemporary literature to understand the epistemological roots of these differences. The research findings demonstrate that these differences are not weaknesses, but rather methodological richness that underpins the flexibility of Islamic law. Furthermore, this article outlines the implications of these differences for contemporary Islamic law in responding to modern issues such as bioethics, Islamic economics, family law, human rights, and societal plurality. The legacy of these differences among the mujtahid imams has proven to be an important foundation for the development of Islamic law that is adaptive, contextual, and remains faithful to the principles of sharia

Dimensi-Dimensi Fiqh dan Aliran-Aliran Mazhab dalam Islam: Pendekatan Konseptual, Historis, dan Analitis Roslan; Ariyanti Alwan; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Mei
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Fiqh, as the result of human ijtihad in understanding Islamic law, possesses complex dimensions and diverse schools of thought. This article comprehensively discusses the dimensions of fiqh, encompassing normative, social, philosophical, and historical aspects, and analyzes the schools of fiqh that developed within the Sunni (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) and Shia (Ja'fari) traditions. Through a qualitative approach based on literature review with historical, normative, and philosophical perspectives, this article finds that differences in legal istinbath methodology between schools of thought, influenced by geographical and social factors, and differing understandings of texts, are actually a blessing that enriches the intellectual treasury of Islam. The relevance of the plurality of schools of thought in the contemporary era lies in their flexibility in responding to the dynamics of modern society and the concept of moderation within schools of thought as a middle ground between narrow fanaticism and excessive liberalism

Metode Memahami Petunjuk Nash Perspektif Ushul Fiqh dan Relevansinya terhadap Perkembangan Hukum Islam Kontemporer Rifaldi Ahmad; Abubakar Mustafa; Mustamin Giling
Al-Kindi Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : Al-Kindi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The Qur’anic and Hadith texts (nash) are the primary sources of Islamic law and hold significant authority in the lives of Muslims. However, understanding nash cannot rely solely on a textual approach, as these texts were revealed within specific linguistic, social, and historical contexts. This study aims to examine the methods of understanding nash from the perspective of ushul fiqh and their relevance to the development of contemporary Islamic law. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach through the analysis of classical and contemporary literature related to ushul fiqh and Islamic legal interpretation. The findings reveal that the methods of understanding nash include linguistic (lughawiyah), substantive (ma’nawiyah), and contextual approaches. The linguistic approach emphasizes the analysis of Arabic language structures, while the substantive approach focuses on the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah). Meanwhile, the contextual approach seeks to relate the text to social realities so that Islamic law remains relevant to contemporary developments. This study concludes that the integration of these three approaches is essential to produce a comprehensive, moderate, and adaptive understanding of Islamic law without neglecting the fundamental principles of the Sharia.

Title

Found 10 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 10 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 10 Documents
Search