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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Jurnal Profesi Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Jurnal Kreativitas PKM Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Journal of Comprehensive Science Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Mutiara: Multidiciplinary Scientifict Journal Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Mardhia, Mardhia
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Arts Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Knowledge and Behavior of Health Workers on Antibiotic Stewardship at Private Hospital in Pontianak Putri, Lidya Hafidzah; IH, Hariyanto; Mardhia, Mardhia; Liana, Delima Fajar; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 15, No 1
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.92481

Abstract

Background: One of the causes of increasing antimicrobial resistance is health workers' lack of knowledge about antibiotics, thus causing irrational behavior in antibiotic stewardship.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and behavior among health workers about antibiotic stewardship and their relationship at a private hospital in Pontianak.Methods: This study was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using consecutive sampling of health workers involved in antibiotic prescribing using a validated and reliable questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Spearman Rank correlation to determine the relationship between knowledge level and behavior.Results: 39 respondents participated, including nine general doctors, 17 specialists, and 13 pharmacists. Most health workers were 26–35 years old (43.59%) and had worked for 1–5 years (48.72%). All respondents had a good knowledge (100%) of the knowledge topic of the etiology, control, and effect of antibiotic resistance. However, only 76.92% of respondents had good behavior, and the rest had moderate behavior (23.08%) on the behavioral topics in the performance of antimicrobial resistance control programs, controlling antibiotic prescribing, performance preventing the spread of resistant microbes, and good antibiotic prescribing practice. The knowledge had a significant relationship towards behavior (p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r)=0.568.Conclusion: Most health workers in a private hospital had good knowledge and behavior about antibiotic stewardship, and there was a moderately strong and positive relationship between them.
Hubungan Albuminuria dan Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 yang Tidak Terkontrol Parinding, Vinny Vania; Ilmiawan, Muhammad In'am; Fitrianingrum, Iit; Trianto, Heru Fajar; Mardhia, Mardhia
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Online July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v11i2.1994

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes mellitus require optimal glycemic control. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus is at risk for complications, such as diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by albuminuria and can lead to decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Objectives: To determined the relationship between albuminuria and GFR in a patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This research was conducted at the Pontianak Branch of Prodia Health Clinic Laboratory in March 2021, using secondary data of laboratory examination results from DM patients in the 2020 period. This research was observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples that comply with the research criteria was 273 people. Bivariate analysis using Spearman’s correlation test. Results: Spearman's correlation test results showed significance (p=0.001) and correlation coefficient (r=0.209). Conclusion: Albuminuria and GFR in a patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus are significantly and positively correlated.Keywords:  albuminuria, poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, glomerular filtration rate
Biofilm detection of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Pontianak, West Kalimantan Anggie, Joycely; Fajar Liana, Delima; Mardhia, Mardhia; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin; Agustina, Risa
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/10.22146/inajbcs.v57i2.18918

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which is known as Gram-negative, encapsulated, and non-motile bacteria. One of its most important virulence factors of K. pneumoniae is the ability to form biofilms. A high percentage of K. pneumoniae as biofilm formation is associated with a high incidence of antibiotic resistance, leading to higher morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate biofilm formation of clinical isolates of K. pneumonia from Pontianak, West Kalimantan. A total of 24 K. pneumoniae clinical isolates from various specimens were subjected to biofilm formation detection. The biofilm formation was detected by crystal violet formation at wavelength of 570 nm as indicator using microtiter plate assay. As control of biofilm formation was Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and as control of non-biofilm formation was Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228. Data on biofilm formation of the isolates from various specimens were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test with SPSS Ver. 26. All the K. pneumoniae clinical isolates were biofilm producer consisting of 19 isolates were strong biofilm producer, four were moderate biofilm producer, and one isolates was weak biofilm producer. No association between biofilm formation and specimen type was observed (p=0.541). In conclusion, all K. pneumoniae clinical isolates from Pontianak, West Kalimantan are identified as biofilm producer.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Usia Subur Terhadap Pencegahan Kanker Serviks di Kecamatan Singkawang Barat Kota Singkawang Puspidawati, popy; Mardhia, Mardhia; Armyanti, Ita
Mutiara: Multidiciplinary Scientifict Journal Vol. 1 No. 7 (2023): Mutiara: Multidiciplinary Scientifict Journal
Publisher : Al Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/mutiara.v1i8.54

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kanker serviks menempati urutan kedua sebagai kanker yang paling umum pada wanita usia subur di Indonesia. Kota singkawang memiliki jumlah IVA positif sebanyak 36 orang, didapatkan 26 dari 36 orang berada di wilayah Singkawang Barat. Sikap yang baik diperlukan agar wanita memiliki kesadaran untuk memeriksakan diri dan menjauhi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kanker serviks. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik dengan metode cross-sectional. Cara pemilihan sampel adalah probability sampling dengan menggunakan cluster sampling. Sebanyak 70 wanita berusia 15-49 tahun diwawancarai dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisa dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur (p=0,527). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur terhadap pencegahan kanker serviks di Kecamatan Singkawang Barat Kota Singkawang.
Pola sensitivitas kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran kemih pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 Warianti, Shafira Kurnia; Mardhia, Mardhia; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): MKA July 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i3.p258-265.2025

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sensitifitas kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri penyebab Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK) pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada isolat bakteri penyebab ISK tersimpan dengan total 22 isolat bakteri. Uji sensitivitas antibiotik menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan panduan dari  Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Hasil uji sensitivitas dikategorikan sebagai sensitif (diameter ≥16 mm), intermediet (diameter 11-15 mm), dan resisten (diameter ≤10 mm). Hasil: Penelitian ini mendapatkan data bahwa bakteri penyebab ISK mengalami resistensi terhadap kotrimoksazol sebesar 59,09% dengan jumlah isolat sebanyak 15 dari 22 isolat uji. Resistensi kotrimoksazol ditemukan pada bakteri Escherichia coli (46,15%;6/13), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (80%;4/5), Enterobacter aerogenes (100%;2/2), Klebsiella (100%;1/1), dan sensitif terhadap Shigella (100%;1/1). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bakteri penyebab ISK pada pasien DM tipe 2 mengalami resistensi terhadap kotrimoksazol dengan persentase sebesar 46,15%-100%.
Gambaran Angka Bakteri Di Laboratorium Mikroskopik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura Atirah, Nur -; Mardhia, Mardhia; Liana, Delima Fajar
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): MKA July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i3.p276-288.2024

Abstract

Tujuan: Mengetahui angka dan jenis bakteri udara, lantai, dan meja berdasarkan pewarnaan Gram di laboratorium Mikroskopik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode settling plate, selama 15 menit dengan media agar darah untuk sampel bakteri udara. Sampel lantai dan meja diambil menggunakan swab lidi kapas steril dengan cairan buffer phospate, kemudian digores pada media agar darah. Semua media sampel diinkubasi pada suhu 36℃ selama 24 jam, kemudian dilakukan penghitungan koloni serta pewarnaan Gram untuk melihat variasi jenis bakterinya. Hasil: Angka bakteri udara tertinggi adalah 208,33 CFU/m3, dan yang paling rendah 52,08 CFU/m3.  Dari pewarnaan Gram, bentuk morfologi bakteri udara yaitu kokkus Gram positif dan negatif, serta basil Gram negatif. Sedangkan angka bakteri swab permukaan lantai dan meja yang paling tinggi adalah 200 CFU/m2, terendah adalah 18 CFU/m2. Morfologi bakteri permukaan lantai dan meja yang paling banyak yaitu diplobasil Gram negatif. Kesimpulan: Rata – rata angka bakteri udara laboratorium Mikroskopik adalah 52,08 CFU/m3, dan masih memenuhi standar nilai batas yang ditetapkan. Rata-rata angka bakteri swab permukaan adalah 64 CFU/m2 yang cukup tinggi, melebihi standar nilai batas permukaan dinding dan lantai ruang perawatan yang ditetapkan oleh Kepmenkes.
mrkA, mrkD, AND fimH BIOFILM GENES DETECTION: A STUDY ON Klebsiella pneumoniae CLINICAL ISOLATES ‘Ariqah ‘Azizah, Intan; Mardhia, Mardhia; Fajar Liana, Delima; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin
Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 19 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UPN Veteran Jakarta Kerja Sama KNPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33533/jpm.v19i1.10331

Abstract

Biofilm formation is a virulence factor contributing to the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. This process occurs due to biofilm genes in clinical isolates, especially the mrkA, mrkD, and fimH genes. These three genes are related the quality of biofilms formed, which lead to chronic and prolonged infections. This study was conducted to determine the presence of mrkA, mrkD, and fimH genes as biofilm formers in Klebsiella pneumoniaeclinical isolates. The study used a descriptive in vitro laboratory study, with total of 24 Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from the collection of the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tanjungpura. Isolates were subculture in MacConkey Agar, Gram staining, followed by DNA extraction and gene detection using PCR. The results showed the presence of the mrkA gene in 91.6% of the isolates, while the mrkD and fimH genes were each in 87.5% of the isolates. The high percentage of biofilm gene detected, should increase health workers and stakeholder awarness about the impact.
Understanding priorities: cervical cancer prevention in senior high school Windini, Dhaifina Putri; Irsan, Abror; Mardhia, Mardhia
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 08 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i8.5294

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to determine the knowledge and priority of prevention issues of health education on senior high school student's knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The respondents were 42 students from class XI at SMAN 3, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Data analysis used a paired T-test. One of the methods to increase community knowledge, especially adolescents, about HPV and cervical cancer is through health education. Results: Before health education, respondents who had good knowledge were 37 people. After health education, all respondents had good knowledge. The paired T-test showed a significance of p 0,00 (p <0.05). There was an effect of health education on the level of knowledge about cervical cancer before and after intervention. Conclusion: HPV and cervical cancer health education showed effectiveness in increasing knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer in SMAN 3, Pontianak.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Daruju (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn) terhadap Escherichia coli Annisa Firdaus, Navisa; Widiyantoro, Ari; Mardhia, Mardhia
Journal of Comprehensive Science Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS)
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jcs.v4i3.3070

Abstract

Escherichia coli can be pathogenic and will cause several diseases including diarrhea, urinary tract infections, meningitis in newborns and wound infections, especially in wounds in the abdomen. The daruju plant (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) is often used by the community, especially West Kalimantan, for energy recovery after childbirth, rheumatism medicine, abdominal pain medicine, hypertension, flatulence, ulcers and antidotes for snake venom. In previous studies, it was also found that daruju leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of Daruju leaf ethanol extract (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) in West Kalimantan against Escherchia coli. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extract from daruju leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) was carried out by a qualitative method using several reagents. Test extracts were made in concentrations of 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 50 mg/ml, and 60 mg/mL with ethanol as a solvent. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the disc diffusion method and measured the bacterial growth inhibition zone. The results of this study stated that the ethanol extract of daruju leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) contains secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, and terpenoids. There were no inhibitory zones on the growth of Escherichia coli at all concentrations of the tested extracts. In conclusion, ethanol extract of daruju leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) had no antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli at all concentrations of the tested extracts.
Pelatihan Dokter Cilik Siswa Sekolah Dasar Desa Rasau Jaya Tiga, Kubu Raya Tejoyuwono, Agustina Arundina Triharja; Mardhia, Mardhia; Pratiwi, Sari Eka; Liana, Delima Fajar
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 9 (2024): Volume 7 No 9 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i9.14565

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pendidikan dan kesehatan saling berhubungan dan merupakan hal penting bagi anak. Banyak kondisi kesehatan yang dapat dikelola dengan lebih baik atau dicegah jika terdeteksi sejak dini. Lingkungan sekolah dan layanan kesehatan sekolah memberikan peluang untuk intervensi tepat waktu pada berbagai kondisi, termasuk kecemasan dan depresi, perilaku kelainan, kelebihan berat badan, dan kekurangan gizi. UKS merupakan program wajib Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan untuk menanamkan hingga melaksanakan prinsip hidup sehat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, salah satunya melalui peran Dokter Cilik. Metode pelatihan Dokter Cilik yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan praktik. Pelatihan dilakukan pada siswa SD kelas IV dan V dari SD Negeri 2 dan SD Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dengan total peserta berjumlah 30 siswa. Hasil penilaian terhadap pelatihan adalah kemampuan siswa SD mengenai materi yang diajarkan dan kesiapan menjadi kader kesehatan cukup baik, perubahan kemampuan kognitif cukup baik, peningkatan kemampuan afektif baik, psikomotor sangat baik, penilaian praktik semua siswa memiliki kemampuan yang sangat baik. Pelatihan dokter cilik mampu merubah perilaku peserta didik. Kegiatan pelatihan dokter cilik ini sebaiknya dilakukan di tiap sekolah agar penerapan trias UKS di sekolah semakin optimal. Kata Kunci: Dokter Cilik, Kesehatan, Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah  ABSTRACT Education and health are interconnected and important for children. Many health conditions can be better managed or prevented if detected early. The school environment and school health services provide opportunities for timely intervention for a variety of conditions, including anxiety and depression, behavioural disorders, overweight, and malnutrition. The school health unit is a mandatory programme of the Ministry of Education and Culture to instill and implement the principles of healthy living in everyday life, one of which is through the role of Little Doctors. The Little Doctor training methods used are lectures and practice. The training was carried out on elementary school students in grades IV and V from SD Negeri 2 and SD Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, with a total of 30 students. The results of the assessment of the training were that elementary students' abilities regarding the material taught and their readiness to become health cadres were quite good; changes in cognitive abilities were quite good; improvements in affective abilities were good; psychomotor skills were very good; and the practical assessment of all students had very good abilities. Little doctor training is able to change student behavior. The little doctor training should be held in every school, thus the implementation of the UKS triad in schools is optimal. Keywords: Little Doctor, Health, The School Health Unit
Co-Authors Abror Irsan Agustina Arundina Triharja Tejoyuwono, Agustina Arundina Triharja Agustina, Risa Andi Yasmon Anggie, Joycely Annisa Firdaus, Navisa Ari Widiyantoro Armyanti, Ita Atirah, Nur - Delima Fajar Liana Diana Natalia Effiana Effiana Fajar Liana, Delima Fitaloka, Fahira Amanda Hariyanto IH Ilmiawan, Muhammad In'am Junita Indarti Lisnawati Rachmadi Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin Parinding, Vinny Vania Puspidawati, popy Putri, Lidya Hafidzah Sari Eka Pratiwi Sari Rahmayanti Trianto, Heru Fajar Warianti, Shafira Kurnia Windini, Dhaifina Putri ‘Ariqah ‘Azizah, Intan