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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jambura Law Review Pusaka : Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan (JHEK) CASHFLOW : CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE Jurnal El-Thawalib Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Aladalah: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Sains Student Research JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bojonegoro Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Hukum Inovatif : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jembatan Hukum: Kajian Ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Padamu Negeri Referendum Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Terang: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi International Journal of Law Analytic Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal El-Thawalib Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Religion Aerospace Engineering Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Dari Privasi ke Eksploitasi : Memetakan Jejak Kriminalisasi Revenge Porn dalam Era Media Sosial Zul Khaidir Kadir
Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : Universitas 45 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30640/dewantara.v4i1.3812

Abstract

Revenge porn is a form of technology-based sexual violence that is increasingly developing in the digital era. This crime not only violates privacy, but also involves sexual exploitation through the distribution or threat of distribution of intimate content without consent. Unfortunately, the impact of this crime on female victims is enormous, and the legal systems in many countries still show weaknesses in dealing with its complexity. This study explores revenge porn from a criminological perspective, focusing on the perpetrator's action patterns, the vulnerability of victims, and the weaknesses of existing regulations. This study uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using a literature study and then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that revenge porn has a multidimensional impact on victims and the general public. In addition, weaknesses in regulations are still an obstacle in providing protection for victims. Existing regulations are limited to violations of privacy without considering the dimensions of sexual exploitation, gender dynamics, or the psychological impacts experienced by victims. Therefore, legal reform is needed that includes a clear definition, recognition of the gender dimension, and closer international cooperation.
KONFLIK KEYAKINAN HAKIM: ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN CONVICTION INTIME DI PRANCIS DAN CONVICTION RAISONNÉE DI PORTUGAL Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): April : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu (JIMI)
Publisher : CV. Denasya Smart Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69714/5r46m803

Abstract

The criminal evidence systems in France and Portugal reflect two contrasting approaches in the civil law tradition, namely conviction intime and conviction raisonné. However, the fundamental debate between the two triggers dynamics regarding how the evidentiary system balances judicial independence and transparency. This study aims to analyze the philosophical differences and implications between the two principles. This study uses a normative legal research method with a comparative approach. The data collection method is collected using library research, then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The results of the study indicate that there is no single approach that can fully meet the needs of flexibility, efficiency, and transparency in criminal evidence. Both conviction intime in France and conviction raisonnée in Portugal present unique advantages and disadvantages, but both can complement each other if applied in a balanced manner.
Kejahatan Berbasis Identitas Digital: Menggagas Kebijakan Kriminal untuk Dunia Metaverse Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Vol 12 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : Faculty of Law Andi Sapada Institute of Social Sciences and Business

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study examines the challenges of criminal policies related to digital identity in the metaverse using a qualitative method with a conceptual approach. Digital identity, which includes personal information, digital assets, and user interaction patterns, is the main foundation of an individual's existence in the metaverse however, the lack of specific regulations indicates weaknesses in current criminal policies. The results of the study show that the metaverse presents new crime risks that have not been fully accommodated by the existing legal system, such as identity theft, avatar counterfeiting, and digital asset fraud. To overcome this, fundamental reforms of criminal policy are needed that include a cross-border collaborative approach, strengthening the regulation of technology platforms, and developing appropriate legal standards. The success of these policies relies heavily on collaboration between governments, technology companies, and civil society.
Islamisme dan Kriminologi Kritis: Ketegangan antara Moralitas Ilahiah dan Kritik Struktural dalam Kebijakan Kriminal Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Mei
Publisher : Faculty of Law Andi Sapada Institute of Social Sciences and Business

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Islamism frames criminal law as an expression of divine morality and a tool of social control. Unfortunately, critical criminology challenges law as a product of structural domination, but faces an epistemological dilemma when applied to an Islamic state that bases criminal law on transcendent authority. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the adoption of Islamism as a legal ideology shifts the function of criminal law from a forum of justice to a medium of control over individual expression and beliefs, a configuration that is theoretically rejected by critical criminology that emphasizes the desacralization of power and resistance to structural repression. Dialogue between critical criminology and Islamism becomes possible if both are willing to abandon their hegemonic ambitions, by making maqāṣid al-sharīʿah an ethical framework for re-evaluating criminal law humanistically, and opening the law to criticism that sides with justice and human dignity.
Meruntuhkan Pilar Keadilan: Apakah Sistem Peradilan Dapat Berfungsi Tanpa Standar Pembuktian? Zul Khaidir Kadir
Mandub : Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Juni: Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59059/mandub.v3i2.2351

Abstract

The standard of proof is the foundation that keeps the criminal justice system from turning into a repressive tool to prevent state power from imposing arbitrary sentences. However, in the midst of technological developments, it has created an unstable evidence landscape that threatens the continuity of the legitimacy of the law itself without a standard of proof that can be objectively verified. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method is collected using literature studies, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that maintaining the existence of the standard of proof is no longer adequate if it is not accompanied by a responsible and adaptive reformulation to the complexity of contemporary evidence. Exploration of alternative forms of evidence offers opportunities to increase precision and transparency that have been difficult to achieve with traditional mechanisms, but all of these innovations can only contribute constructively if they are placed within a strict legal and ethical framework, given the inherent risks such as algorithmic bias, the reduction of judicial convictions to statistics without context, and gaps in accountability between jurisdictions in the application of forensic technology.
Ketika Retorika Mengalahkan Realita: Kebijakan Kriminal di Era Manipulasi Data Publik Zul Khaidir Kadir
Terang : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Juni : Terang : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/terang.v2i2.946

Abstract

Manipulation of public data in criminal policy is a strategic practice that selects and frames information to cover up institutional violations, and legitimizes repressive policies that ignore the principle of justice. Unfortunately, the development of communication technology has accelerated the circulation of information, leading to the birth of repressive policies based on popularity and distorted narratives. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study indicate that manipulation of public data in criminal policy shifts the orientation of policy from fact-based rationality to biased emotional responses, so that it not only widens inequality and creates selective law enforcement, but also damages institutional legitimacy and erodes public trust in the criminal justice system. A transformative mitigation strategy is needed institutionally and culturally, through the implementation of comprehensive transparency in the entire data management cycle, strict and enforceable regulations, increasing public data literacy as a bulwark against misleading narratives, and the ethical use of digital technology, in order to return policy to a basis of evidence that is fair, accountable, and relevant to the social complexity faced.
Kriminalisasi Tanpa Batas: Mengurai Penyalahgunaan Kekuasaan dalam Legislasi Kodifikasi Hukum Pidana Modern Zul Khaidir Kadir
Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, dan Kebijakan Publik Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Juni : Presidensial : Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, dan Kebijakan Publik
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/presidensial.v2i2.665

Abstract

Criminalization in criminal law should function to limit actions that harm society legally and proportionally, but excessive criminalization can ignore the principles of justice and legality. A striking gap arises when the law is used not to protect rights, but to expand state control over individual freedom through repressive and multi-interpretable articles. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that unlimited criminalization reflects an abuse of power that moves criminal law away from its protective function towards an instrument of repression that exacerbates inequality and weakens legal legitimacy. To return criminal law to its fair function, legislative reform is needed based on transparency, participation, and a non-penal approach that prevents state domination over individual rights.
MEMBONGKAR RELASI TERSEMBUNYI: POLA HUBUNGAN PELAKU DAN KORBAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF KRIMINOLOGI Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Padamu Negeri Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): April : Jurnal Padamu Negeri (JPN)
Publisher : CV. Denasya Smart Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69714/7fyypb14

Abstract

The pattern of relationships between perpetrators and victims in sexual violence covers a wide spectrum, ranging from close relationships, unclose but known relationships, to anonymous relationships. Unfortunately, there is a lack of attention to certain relationship patterns, which has implications for weak prevention strategies and adaptive legal responses. The purpose of this study focuses on the pattern of relationships between perpetrators and victims that have so far been less explored in depth in academic literature. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. Data collection methods are collected using literature studies and then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study indicate that close relationships can involve betrayal of trust and emotional control that worsen psychological trauma, unclose but known relationships create ambiguity in proving the perpetrator's intentions, and anonymous relationships show opportunistic nature. Therefore, a victim-based approach is needed to place the needs and experiences of victims at the center of every legal process.
Reformasi Konsep Heat of Passion: Menuju Pembatasan Provokasi dalam Mengurangi Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pembunuhan Kadir, Zul Khaidir
JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): JUSTITIABLE -Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Bojonegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56071/justitiable.v8i1.1293

Abstract

The concept of heat of passion in criminal law has developed as a form of recognition of extreme emotional conditions that can reduce the criminal responsibility of the perpetrator, especially in cases of murder. Although this doctrine is historically rooted in the common law system and has been adopted in various legal systems, its relevance in the modern legal context is debatable. Changes in social values, technological advances, and demands for legal certainty and substantive justice challenge the validity of the application of heat of passion as a partial defense. This study aims to review the validity and normative structure of heat of passion, emphasizing the need for reformulation of the elements of provocation and loss of control to be more adaptive to the contemporary context. This study uses normative research using a comparative approach. The results of the study indicate that ambiguity of definition, inconsistency of application, and gender bias are the main weaknesses in the application of this doctrine. Therefore, a new evaluative framework is needed that is more objective, inclusive, and based on restorative justice. This reformulation is expected to ensure that criminal law remains relevant in providing protection for victims, enforcing individual accountability, and reflecting progressive values ​​in a modern legal society.
When Punishment Becomes Political Currency : The Penological Theater of the Tom Lembong Case Zul Khaidir Kadir; Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September : Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v2i3.225

Abstract

In its ideal form, punishment is conceived as a rational and proportionate response to moral wrongdoing, grounded in demonstrable harm and clear culpability. Classical penological theories emphasize the principles of retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, and incapacitation, all of which presume the presence of intent and injury. However, in the case of Tom Lembong, punishment was imposed absent any proven crime, malicious intent, or measurable harm. Instead, it became a symbolic act, reconfigured as a performance of political theater to assert and preserve a sovereign narrative. This article advances two interrelated aims. First, it analyzes how the penalization of Tom Lembong reflects a wider pattern wherein legal institutions are repurposed to perform sovereignty and construct legitimacy through public spectacle. Second, it critiques the inadequacy of classical penological frameworks when punishment operates without moral fault or corrective intent. Using a qualitative research method and conceptual approach, this study draws upon library-based data sources, critically engaging with theoretical literature on penology, sovereignty, and post-truth politics. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, allowing conceptual mapping between legal practices and political narratives. The findings indicate that the punishment in this case functioned less as an instrument of legal redress than as political choreography. It transformed into symbolic currency designed to enforce narrative conformity and signal power consolidation. In such contexts, punishment serves not as a corrective measure but as a performative mechanism, signaling the dominance of a political order over competing interpretations of truth. This rupture in classical penological logic calls for a post-penological framework—one that accounts for punishment as a tool of narrative enforcement and symbolic governance within post-truth legal orders. Such a framework recognizes the transformation of legal acts into staged political performances, where the appearance of justice supersedes substantive fairness.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza