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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jambura Law Review Pusaka : Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan (JHEK) CASHFLOW : CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE Jurnal El-Thawalib Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Aladalah: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Sains Student Research JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bojonegoro Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Hukum Inovatif : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jembatan Hukum: Kajian Ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Padamu Negeri Referendum Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Terang: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi International Journal of Law Analytic Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal El-Thawalib Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
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Populisme Punitif dan Erosi Nilai-Nilai Hukum : Mengupas Kebijakan Kriminal di Tengah Polarisasi Sosial Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): JURRISH: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurrish.v4i4.5241

Abstract

Punitive populism is a political-legal phenomenon that replaces legal rationality and corrective justice with a rhetoric of power that negates the protection of human rights and the rehabilitative function of the criminal justice system. In this context, criminal policy tends to be characterized by a repressive approach that prioritizes symbolic punishment for short-term political legitimacy. Social polarization further strengthens the destructive power of punitive populism by making the issue of crime a symbolic instrument in identity conflicts, thereby losing its autonomy and submitting to an emotional, majoritarian logic. This study aims to analyze how punitive populism, as a product of the interaction between populist logic and social polarization, results in the erosion of the basic values of modern law, particularly the principles of proportionality, legal certainty, and human rights protection. Furthermore, this study also identifies structural barriers that hinder efforts to curb its expansion in criminal policy. The study uses qualitative methods with a conceptual approach. Data were obtained through library research of academic literature, legal documents, and policy analysis, then processed using qualitative analysis techniques and presented descriptively. The research findings show that punitive populism has shifted the orientation of criminal policy from a paradigm of justice and rehabilitation to a logic of punishment that is reactive to public emotional distress. The mass media, particularly within a polarized information ecosystem, plays a role in shaping distorted perceptions of crime, thereby reinforcing public demands for harsh and immediate policies. This situation creates legal vulnerability to political instrumentalism, threatens the principle of the rule of law, and deepens social exclusion of vulnerable groups. To address this, strategic steps are needed, including limiting fear-based political rhetoric, strengthening independent legal institutions, and rebuilding a criminal law paradigm based on substantive justice, inclusivity, and respect for human rights.
Dapatkah Otak yang Rusak Bertanggung Jawab? Disrupsi Amigdala–PFC dan Rekonstruksi Moralitas dalam Hukum Pidana Zul Khaidir Kadir
Mandub : Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September : Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59059/mandub.v3i3.2770

Abstract

Criminal liability in modern law is built on the assumption that every individual is a rational and autonomous moral agent. However, neuroscientific evidence suggests that structural disruption of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex significantly impairs the capacity to judge actions ethically. This study aims to analyze the influence of neurological disorders on an individual's moral capacity and to formulate legal parameters for assessing criminal liability based on actual capacity. The research method employed normative legal research with a conceptual approach. The results indicate that perpetrators with dysfunction in the amygdala-PFC circuit experience a degradation of moral capacity that weakens the basis for the formation of mens rea in a substantive sense and falls outside the reach of legal systems that still rely on a model of responsibility based on the assumption of universal free will. The criminal legal system, in its current form, lacks a precise evaluative mechanism to distinguish between perpetrators with impaired moral control and those acting deliberatively. In this situation, the construction of criminal liability cannot be standardized, and reformulation of evaluation instruments is necessary to avoid sentencing bias against individuals with structural impairments in ethical capacity.
Memikirkan Ulang Konsep Kesalahan : Tantangan Gen MAOA terhadap Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jembatan Hukum : Kajian ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September : Jembatan Hukum : Kajian ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/jembatan.v2i3.2362

Abstract

The modern doctrine of criminal responsibility is built on the premise of free will and individual deliberative capacity. However, advances in neurogenetics, particularly findings regarding MAOA-L gene expression, have presented a structural disruption to this framework. The MAOA-L gene has been empirically associated with impaired impulse regulation and increased aggressive responses, particularly in combination with childhood trauma. This study aims to evaluate how MAOA-L gene expression influences the capacity for criminal responsibility and to analyze the tension between classical legal constructs and biological determinants within the structure of culpability. The research method employed normative research with a conceptual approach. The results indicate that the dichotomy-based mens rea doctrine fails to accommodate the degree of control capacity shaped by neurobiological structures. MAOA-L cannot be treated as a basis for forgiveness, but rather serves as an evaluative variable in assessing the spectrum of legal responsibility. In this position, criminal law maintains the principle of individual responsibility but formulates it through a new framework based on actual capacity rather than a universal voluntaristic assumption. This reformulation is necessary to avoid disproportionate attribution of blame and to allow criminal law to move toward a system that is more adaptive to biological realities without falling into determinism.
Medicolegal Penggunaan Kadaver Manusia Untuk Bedah Anatomi Medis dan Transplantasi Organ: Medicolegal Use of Human Cadavers for Medical Anatomical Surgery and Organ Transplantation Muhni, Afif; Basri, Muhammad; Kadir, Zul Khaidir
Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan VOLUME 5 NO 2
Publisher : Magister Ilmu Hukum - Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30649/jhek.v5i2.237

Abstract

This study examines the legal and ethical position in the use of human cadavers in Indonesia after anatomical cadaver surgery an organ transplantation, with a focus on the legal, ethical and regulatory aspects governing the use of cadavers for the purposes of medical education and research. In the context of health law, it is important to understand how regulations in Indonesia ensure the use of cadavers in accordance with applicable legal and ethical norms. This research is a normative-empirical study and uses a qualitative approach with document analysis methods, including laws, government regulations, comparation regulation and related literature. The results of this study obtained a conclusion on the need for regulation regarding the maximum limit on the use of human cadavers so that human rights, ethics and values that live in society and also religious values do not conflict with the objectives in the development of science in the field of health, as well as the need for renewal of data collection and government participation in this case the Ministry of Health to record every ownership of human cadavers with the aim of minimizing the illegal trade and transplantation human organs.
Tanpa Kontrak, Tetap Korupsi: Menimbang Ulang Batas Doktrin dan Pembuktian Hukum Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng; Zul Khaidir Kadir
SUPREMASI : Jurnal Hukum Vol 8 No 01 (2025): SUPREMASI : Jurnal Hukum 2025
Publisher : Universitas Sahid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia masih sangat bergantung pada keberadaan dokumen kontraktual dan bukti administratif formal. Padahal, dalam banyak kasus, praktik korupsi berlangsung secara informal melalui komunikasi terselubung dan relasi kuasa yang tidak tercatat secara hukum. Artikel ini bertujuan menyusun kerangka doktrinal yang menjelaskan batas hukum dalam pembuktian korupsi non-kontraktual serta membandingkannya dengan pendekatan hukum di negara lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perbandingan hukum. Data dikaji melalui analisis yuridis terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin hukum, dan studi komparatif dari sistem hukum di Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Prancis, Jerman, hingga Brasil. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sistem hukum Indonesia masih menyisakan celah dalam menjerat tindakan korupsi yang tidak terekam dalam bentuk perjanjian formal. Negara-negara lain telah mengembangkan model pembuktian berbasis kesengajaan, kekayaan yang tidak sah, dan indikator relasional yang tidak berdasarkan kontrak. Artikel ini merekomendasikan pembaruan doktrin pembuktian korupsi di Indonesia melalui pengakuan atas bukti tidak langsung, relasi kekuasaan, serta pola penguasaan aset yang tidak wajar, guna menyesuaikan dengan kompleksitas korupsi modern.
Neurokriminologi Psikopat: Determinisme Genetik atau Deprivasi Lingkungan? Zul Khaidir Kadir
Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/aliansi.v2i6.1280

Abstract

Psychopathic disorders are often reduced to medical issues related to structural brain abnormalities or genetic predisposition, while the contribution of the social environment to their development is often overlooked. This article aims to evaluate claims of genetic determinism in neurocriminology and analyze the role of environmental deprivation as a factor shaping the nervous system relevant to psychopathy. The research method used is qualitative research with a conceptual approach. The results indicate that claims of genetic determinism lack sufficient explanatory power when separated from environmental dynamics. Findings regarding the MAOA-L gene and abnormalities in the amygdala or prefrontal cortex are indeed correlated with antisocial tendencies, but this relationship is contingent and nonlinear. Psychopathy, in this configuration, is the result of the interaction between neurobiological systems and cumulative social experiences. Therefore, an interactional model is needed not only to conceptually understand the etiology of psychopathy but also as a basis for formulating more accurate and ethical forensic assessments, rehabilitation policies, and criminal interventions.
Neurokriminologi dan Transformasi Doktrin Hukum Pidana Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah; Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah
RIO LAW JURNAL Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Rio Law Jurnal
Publisher : Universitas Muara Bungo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36355/rlj.v6i2.1879

Abstract

ABSTRAK Struktur hukum pidana modern dibangun atas asumsi kehendak bebas, rasionalitas individu, dan mens rea sebagai dasar pertanggungjawaban. Namun, perkembangan neurosains menunjukkan bahwa perilaku kriminal dalam banyak kasus tidak lahir dari deliberasi sadar, melainkan dari konfigurasi neurobiologis yang memengaruhi kontrol diri dan regulasi moral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketegangan antara konstruksi normatif hukum pidana dan determinasi perilaku manusia menurut neurosains, serta mengidentifikasi tiga bentuk transformasi doktrinal yang ditimbulkan oleh pendekatan neurokriminologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem hukum pidana belum memiliki instrumen normatif yang mampu mengakomodasi kompleksitas biologis manusia. Model tanggung jawab berbasis kehendak bebas universal tidak selaras dengan bukti mengenai variabilitas kontrol perilaku. Konsep kesengajaan gagal membedakan antara deliberasi dan reaktivitas neurologis, sedangkan pendekatan retributif dalam pemidanaan tidak kompatibel dengan model intervensi preventif. Dalam kondisi ini, atribusi kesalahan menjadi berisiko secara etik. Reformulasi doktrin menjadi keharusan untuk membangun sistem hukum yang akurat dan sahih secara normatif.Kata Kunci: Determinisme Biologis, Mens rea, Neurokriminologi, Pertanggungjawaban Pidana
Reimajinasi Sistem Pembuktian: Apakah Era Post-Faktual Membutuhkan Standar Baru dalam Hukum Acara Pidana? Zul Khaidir Kadir
Referendum : Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Juni : Referendum : Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/referendum.v2i2.666

Abstract

The post-factual era has shifted the position of legal facts from objective entities to part of narrative contestations shaped by digital disinformation, algorithmic media, and unverified public perception. Unfortunately, this has given rise to epistemic dislocation in the judicial process, where evidence loses its objective quality, legal decisions are distorted by collective emotional pressure and erode the credibility of the law as a guarantor of substantive and procedural justice. This research is a normative research using a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the development of disinformation, emotional narratives, and manipulative digital evidence have shown a structural inconsistency between conventional evidentiary standards and the complexity of 21st-century legal realities, threatening the validity of evidence, the autonomy of judicial institutions, and the principle of due process in the criminal system. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the evidentiary system through the integration of verification technology, cross-disciplinary collaborative approaches, and investment in digital literacy, to ensure that the law continues to function as a rational and fair instrument in an increasingly unstable information landscape.
Beyond the Surface: Exploring the Next Level of Terrorism on the Dark Web Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah; Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah; Ahmad, Abd. Kadir; Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Normiati, Normiati
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 7 NO. 1 JANUARY 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v7i1.26150

Abstract

The lack of effective security mechanisms on the Surface Web facilitates the occurrence of cybercrime. The high accessibility of the Surface Web also allows law enforcement agencies to more easily track and identify perpetrators. However, this motivates criminals to migrate to the Dark Web, the deepest layer of the internet that offers a higher level of security.  This research aims to analyze the communication patterns utilized by terrorists on the dark web, propaganda, recruitment, and the use of cryptocurrency in transactions and fundraising by terrorists.  The research method used is normative legal research with a conceptual and case approaches and qualitative analysis. This research analyses that terrorists have transitioned to using the Dark Net in a similar manner to how they have utilized the Surface Web over the past several decades, but there are now additional opportunities for tech-savvy operatives. Three main features, anonymity, encrypted messaging, and the use of cryptocurrency, work together to provide an environment that is almost perfect for terrorists on the Dark Web. This combination allows terrorists to conduct their operations more effectively and covertly, making the Dark Web a highly valuable tool for achieving their goals without significant risk of exposure and disruption by security authorities.
Kriminalisasi Nilai Moral: Konstruksi Kebijakan Kriminal di Negara Muslim Modern Kadir, Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal El-Thawalib Vol 6, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24952/el-thawalib.v6i1.14553

Abstract

Criminalization of moral values refers to the legalization of prohibitions on behavior that is considered contrary to religious, ethical, or customary norms, although it does not always involve direct violations of the rights or interests of others. Unfortunately, the establishment of criminal policies based on moral values is often considered an expression of national identity based on religion, but in practice it often triggers heated debates about legal legitimacy, social justice, and violations of individual rights. This study aims to critically analyze the phenomenon of criminalization of moral values in criminal policies in modern Muslim countries. In addition, it focuses on identifying the main elements that form criminal policies based on morality, evaluating their impact on social justice and human rights, and proposing an alternative framework that aims to create harmony between religious norms and universal values. This study uses a normative legal research method using a comparative approach. The data collection method is collected using library research, then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the criminalization of moral values in the criminal policies of modern Muslim countries creates a dilemma between religious norms and legal needs that are relevant to social reality, often causing injustice and repressive social control. To overcome this, an inclusive approach is needed, such as proportionality, restorative justice, and community participation, in order to create harmony between religious morality, substantive justice, and the needs of modern society, while strengthening legal legitimacy and social cohesion.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza