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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jambura Law Review Pusaka : Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan (JHEK) CASHFLOW : CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE Jurnal El-Thawalib Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Aladalah: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Sains Student Research JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bojonegoro Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Hukum Inovatif : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jembatan Hukum: Kajian Ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Padamu Negeri Referendum Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Terang: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi International Journal of Law Analytic Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal El-Thawalib Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
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Bayang-Bayang Lombroso: Epigenetika dan Kembalinya Pendekatan Biologis dalam Hukum Pidana Zul Khaidir Kadir
Terang : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September : Terang : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/terang.v2i3.1281

Abstract

Criminal law based on genetic determinism was once rejected in modern criminal law systems because it was deemed contrary to the principle of individual responsibility. However, the rise of epigenetics and neurocriminology in contemporary legal practice indicates a reconstitution of the biological basis for attribution of criminal culpability. This study aims to analyze the extent to which developments in epigenetics reopen opportunities for the operation of biological approaches in criminal law, while also critiquing the conceptual dangers they pose to the principles of justice and moral responsibility. The research method uses a normative legal approach with a conceptual approach. The results show that epigenetics works as a tool for scientific validation of the formation of risk categories in criminal law, while simultaneously weakening the perpetrator's position as a moral subject. The criminal law structure that technocratically accepts biological arguments creates a new form of legal exclusion through medical classifications that are not open to ethical evaluation. In this situation, the law operates as an instrument of biological management of bodies deemed deviant. The position of neurocriminology in this case is no longer merely a tool, but rather the center of the configuration of biolegal power that defines responsibility based on predisposition, not will. Therefore, a new normative framework is needed that can uphold the principle of individual responsibility while rejecting the ethical reduction of biological diagnoses in the criminal law system.
Fragmented Justice: How the Wedding Cake Model is Influenced by the 'No Viral, No Justice' Phenomenon Kadir, Zul Khaidir
International Journal of Law Analytics Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : MultiTech Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59890/ijla.v2i4.2674

Abstract

One relevant model for understanding how the justice system classifies cases is the wedding cake model. However, the existence of social media has presented new challenges. Ironically, viral cases jump over the traditional hierarchy in this model. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that the phenomenon of "no viral, no justice" creates a situation where the exposure and popularity of a case on social media can shift attention and resource allocation which are basically limited. Meanwhile, the Wedding Cake Model is distorted by public pressure coming from the digital space. Reform of the justice system is needed to maintain objectivity and independence in facing the digital era.
KRIMINOLOGI REAKSIONER: SAYAP KANAN, MORALITAS, DAN KRIMINALISASI BUDAYA POP DALAM ERA POST-TRUTH Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): MEI 2025
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Kriminologi reaksioner lahir dari logika ketakutan dan era post-truth, di mana hukum pidana dijadikan alat performatif untuk menegakkan moral hegemonik dengan mengkriminalisasi ekspresi budaya yang dianggap mengancam identitas kolektif mayoritas. Sayangnya, ketika hukum pidana digunakan untuk mengkriminalisasi ekspresi budaya yang menyimpang dari norma mayoritas, ia tidak lagi melindungi hak, melainkan menjadi alat eliminasi simbolik yang memperkuat marginalisasi terhadap identitas-identitas alternatif.. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Metode pengumpulan data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research), lalu dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriminalisasi ekspresi budaya mencerminkan penggunaan hukum pidana sebagai alat ideologis konservatif untuk menertibkan makna, membatasi identitas, dan mempertahankan dominasi politik atas ruang kultural yang seharusnya bebas. Agar relevan dengan keadilan sosial, kriminologi harus menolak menjadi alat kekuasaan yang menjustifikasi eksklusi simbolik, dan sebaliknya tampil sebagai kritik ideologis yang membongkar proses kriminalisasi serta membela keberagaman dalam relasi hukum dan budaya.
Kejahatan atau Kebijakan? Membongkar Bias Ideologis dalam Realisme Kanan dan Kiri di Era Neo-Liberalisme Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 6 (2024): Desember 2024 - Januari 2025
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Realisme kanan dan kiri, yang muncul pada akhir abad ke-20, menawarkan pendekatan berbeda dalam memahami kejahatan dan menyusun kebijakan publik. Realisme kanan menekankan tanggung jawab individu dan pengendalian sosial melalui penegakan hukum yang tegas, sementara realisme kiri menyoroti ketimpangan sosial sebagai akar masalah kejahatan dan mengusulkan reformasi struktural sebagai solusinya. Namun, kedua pendekatan menunjukkan bias ideologis yang membatasi efektivitasnya dalam menghadapi tantangan kejahatan modern, terutama dalam era neo-liberalisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bias ideologis dalam realisme kanan dan kiri, dengan menganalisis bagaimana neo-liberalisme memengaruhi penerapannya dalam kebijakan publik. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan lalu dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa realisme kanan dan realisme kiri dalam kriminologi menawarkan perspektif yang berbeda namun saling melengkapi dalam memahami kejahatan dan kebijakan kriminal. Integrasi kedua pendekatan ini menjadi solusi yang relevan untuk menciptakan kebijakan kriminal yang lebih berimbang, Dengan memadukan penguatan sistem peradilan pidana yang tegas dan efisien dengan reformasi sosial yang menangani akar penyebab kejahatan, diharapkan dapat menciptakan solusi jangka panjang yang berkelanjutan.
Kriminalisasi Nilai Moral: Konstruksi Kebijakan Kriminal di Negara Muslim Modern Kadir, Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal El-Thawalib Vol 6, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24952/el-thawalib.v6i1.14553

Abstract

Criminalization of moral values refers to the legalization of prohibitions on behavior that is considered contrary to religious, ethical, or customary norms, although it does not always involve direct violations of the rights or interests of others. Unfortunately, the establishment of criminal policies based on moral values is often considered an expression of national identity based on religion, but in practice it often triggers heated debates about legal legitimacy, social justice, and violations of individual rights. This study aims to critically analyze the phenomenon of criminalization of moral values in criminal policies in modern Muslim countries. In addition, it focuses on identifying the main elements that form criminal policies based on morality, evaluating their impact on social justice and human rights, and proposing an alternative framework that aims to create harmony between religious norms and universal values. This study uses a normative legal research method using a comparative approach. The data collection method is collected using library research, then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the criminalization of moral values in the criminal policies of modern Muslim countries creates a dilemma between religious norms and legal needs that are relevant to social reality, often causing injustice and repressive social control. To overcome this, an inclusive approach is needed, such as proportionality, restorative justice, and community participation, in order to create harmony between religious morality, substantive justice, and the needs of modern society, while strengthening legal legitimacy and social cohesion.
Reconstructing Honor Killing Through Siri’: A Cultural Perspective from Bugis-Makassar Society Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah; Kadir, Zul Khaidir
Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 8 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/ganaya.v8i4.4858

Abstract

Honor killing within the Bugis-Makassar community cannot be fully understood through the lens of positive criminal law, as it is grounded in the normative system of siri’, which holds strong social legitimacy. This study addresses a gap in existing literature that overlooks local value systems as a source of normative justification for violence. It employs a qualitative method with a conceptual approach, using library research to explore siri’ as a regulatory structure. The findings reveal that siri’ positions collective honor above individual life, institutionalizing violence as a corrective obligation. The key contribution of this study is the introduction of cultural criminology as an alternative analytical framework to interpret violence legitimized by customary norms. These findings underscore the urgency of reforming criminal law to account for value pluralism within a legally plural society.
PENGGUNAAN CULTURAL DEFENSE DALAM HUKUM PIDANA: BATAS DOKTRINAL PADA PERKARA HONOR KILLING Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL MEDIA AKADEMIK Edisi Januari
Publisher : PT. Media Akademik Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62281/0gpppy82

Abstract

Penggunaan cultural defense pada perkara honor killing yang kerap masuk ke persidangan sebagai penjelas latar sosial, lalu bergeser menjadi dasar keringanan yang mengaburkan batas antara alasan pembenar dan alasan pemaaf. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan batas yuridis dan standar pembuktian agar bukti budaya tetap berfungsi sebagai konteks faktual bagi penilaian unsur delik dan alasan pemaaf, tanpa berubah menjadi norma tandingan yang melemahkan perlindungan hidup. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat model penyaringan dua jalur agar cultural defense dapat diterima dalam perkara honor killing. Jalur provocation dikunci oleh kedekatan waktu pemicu, gangguan kendali diri yang relevan secara hukum, dan kausalitas langsung, dengan indikator penggugur berupa jeda pendinginan, koordinasi, pencarian sarana, dan orientasi pemulihan reputasi. Jalur duress dikunci oleh ancaman yang segera, ketiadaan jalan keluar yang wajar, dan proporsionalitas, sehingga tekanan reputasional tidak disamakan dengan paksaan dalam arti hukum. Artikel ini juga merumuskan parameter reason-giving agar hakim menjawab sumber ancaman, waktu, alternatif, proporsionalitas, dan tanda deliberasi, sehingga disiplin pembuktian tetap konsisten dengan perlindungan hidup.
Neurocriminology and evidentiary standards in Indonesian courts Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i1.786

Abstract

According to the Indonesian Code of Criminal Procedure, the evidentiary system in criminal law remains grounded in the principle of individual responsibility, which presumes free will. However, the incorporation of neurocriminological approaches into legal practice introduces ontological and epistemological conflicts that have not been systematically addressed by existing legal frameworks. This study aims to examine the tension between the concept of individual criminal liability and the deterministic framework of neuroscience and evaluate the admissibility of neuroscientific evidence within the criminal evidentiary system. This study employs a normative legal method with a conceptual approach. The findings indicate that Indonesia's criminal law lacks a conceptual framework capable of bridging the gap between moral culpability and biological vulnerability, thereby risking a loss of coherence in the attribution of legal responsibility to offenders. Furthermore, the absence of normative and procedural mechanisms for assessing the validity, limits, and relevance of neuroscientific evidence creates epistemic asymmetries and opens the door to bias in judicial proceedings. Under such conditions, integrating neuroscience into the legal system risks generating ambiguity in determining liability and undermining the principle of substantive justice. Accordingly, a normative reconstruction of evidentiary law is required as a foundational step to ensure legal consistency in responding to scientific advances.
Batas Hukum Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing) dan Religious Vigilantism sebagai Penegakan Moral Privat Kadir, Zul Khaidir
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI-MARET
Publisher : Indo Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63822/h1npc577

Abstract

This article examines how honor killing claims and religious vigilantism operate as forms of private moral enforcement that can distort criminal law’s fact-finding and blame-allocation. Using normative legal research with conceptual and doctrinal approaches, the article builds an operational typology of religious vigilantism along three testable dimensions: (1) enforcement of moral–religious codes, (2) group mobilization and role differentiation, and (3) public spectacle. It then identifies the point of convergence with honor-based homicide in community approval and reputational logic, which jointly function as “social planning” that can be miscast as provocation or mitigation. On this basis, the article proposes doctrinal parameters to prevent moral–communal claims from becoming covert justifications: treating homicide as the baseline qualification, adding a selective hate-crime analogy to capture message/targeting dynamics, and applying collective-violence logic to reach coordinators, instigators, and facilitators. For proof and sentencing, it advances relevance discipline, narrative sanitation, a non-mitigation stance toward community approval, and a public-reason constraint on judicial reasoning so that particular moral doctrines do not undercut equal protection of life. The policy model prioritizes network disruption, incitement, and mobilizing actors under conditions of variable state tolerance and impunity.
Reformulation of Criminal Policy on Sharia Economic Crimes: Integrating Maqāsid Principle into Contemporary Islamic Criminal Law Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza; Muhni, Afif; Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan
CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): OCTOBER
Publisher : Transpublika Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55047/cashflow.v5i1.2119

Abstract

This article examined the reformulation of criminal policy for sharia economic crimes through the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, with particular attention to the protection of wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl) as a foundational objective of Islamic law. The study aimed to address the persistent gap between the ethical–normative commitments of Islamic finance and the predominantly positivist criminal justice frameworks applied to economic misconduct in sharia-compliant sectors. A qualitative normative legal method was employed with a critical examination of contemporary statutory regulations. The analysis focused on how criminal liability, sanctions, and procedural mechanisms are currently constructed and the extent to which they align with maqāṣid-based objectives. The findings demonstrated that existing criminal policies tend to treat sharia economic violations as generic financial offenses, thereby failing to account for their distinctive moral, social, and distributive harms. This misalignment weakens deterrence, obscures institutional responsibility, and undermines public trust in sharia economic institutions. The study proposed a maqāṣid-oriented criminal policy framework that redefines economic offenses under the Ta‘zīr paradigm, incorporates corporate criminal liability, and integrates preventive, corrective, and restorative dimensions into enforcement mechanisms. Such a framework strengthens normative coherence between Islamic legal principles and modern criminal justice systems while enhancing the integrity and sustainability of the sharia economy.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza