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Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
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Narasi Kehormatan (Siri’) dalam Perkara Pembunuhan terhadap Perempuan di Sulawesi Selatan Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah; Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah
JURNAL PENELITIAN SERAMBI HUKUM Vol 19 No 01 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Vol 19 No 01 Tahun 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Batik Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59582/sh.v19i01.1460

Abstract

This article examines how Indonesia’s criminal law system and judicial practice allow narratives of honour (siri’) to enter the adjudication of homicide cases involving women, and assesses the consequences for the protection of the right to life and the position of victims within criminal proceedings. The study employs a normative legal method with doctrinal and jurisprudential approaches. Primary legal materials consist of Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code, particularly Article 458(1) and (2) on homicide and Articles 31–44 on justifying and excusing grounds, analysed alongside a corpus of court decisions from South Sulawesi. The analysis shows that siri’ operates as a causal premise in the construction of facts, primarily through the language of shame and commands to restore family honour, allowing judicial reasoning to shift from the victim’s rights to the reputational interests of the perpetrator’s family. Although the new Criminal Code establishes homicide as an unlawful deprivation of life and provides for aggravated punishment when the victim is a close family member, the discretionary space within sentencing guidelines enables honour-based motives to function as mitigating considerations, despite siri’ falling outside the closed categories of justifications and excuses. At the same time, evidentiary practices centred on chronology, perpetrator communication, and socially legitimised forgiveness narrow the space for victims as rights-bearing subjects, increasing the risk of silencing at the stages of reporting, examination, and sentencing.
Paradigma Kebijakan Kriminal dalam KUHP Nasional Indonesia Zul Khaidir Kadir
ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Nurul Qarnain Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/aladalah.v4i1.1803

Abstract

Indonesia’s new Penal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023) has been promoted as a milestone of legal modernization and decolonial reform, marking a formal break from colonial criminal law. This article critically examines whether such claims correspond to a substantive transformation in criminal policy or merely reflect a reconfiguration of long-standing penal rationalities. Employing normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes the architecture of criminalization and sentencing embedded in the new Code as an integrated system of penal governance. The analysis reveals that although the Penal Code introduces clearer structures, explicit sentencing purposes, and diversified sanctioning mechanisms, these reforms do not substantially alter the state-centered orientation of criminal law. Patterns of expansive criminalization, broad protection of state interests, and flexible sentencing rationales continue to normalize penal intervention as a primary tool of social regulation. Consequently, modernization within the new Penal Code operates largely at the formal and symbolic level, while the underlying paradigm of criminal policy remains oriented toward the consolidation rather than the limitation of punitive state power.
Menilai Motif Kehormatan dalam Pemidanaan Perkara Honor Killing: Kerangka Reason-Giving dan Uji Bobot Motif Zul Khaidir Kadir
Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): GJMI - Januari
Publisher : PT. Gudang Pustaka Cendekia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/gjmi.v4i1.2021

Abstract

Kriminalisasi honor killing atau pembunuhan demi kehormatan menghadirkan tantangan serius terhadap rasionalitas putusan pidana, khususnya ketika klaim kehormatan diperlakukan sebagai alasan yang meringankan tanpa pemeriksaan yang memadai terhadap hubungannya dengan fakta-fakta yang relevan secara hukum. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kerangka kerja pemberian alasan yang dapat diaudit untuk menilai posisi motif kehormatan dalam hukuman pidana dan untuk merumuskan kriteria yang membedakan kehormatan sebagai dasar faktual dari kehormatan sebagai faktor pemberat. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat uji pemberian alasan yang memeriksa dasar bukti, relevansi hukum, dan kesesuaian tujuan hukuman, serta uji pembobotan motif yang mengoperasionalkan enam indikator: persetujuan masyarakat, tindakan kolektif, perencanaan, kekejaman, intimidasi saksi atau campur tangan dalam proses peradilan, dan dampak diskriminatif terhadap korban. Hal ini menutup pintu bagi simpati sosial sebagai faktor yang meringankan, sekaligus memberikan dasar normatif untuk memperlakukan kehormatan sebagai faktor pemberat ketika berfungsi sebagai legitimasi kekerasan pribadi dan mekanisme kontrol sosial. Dengan demikian, artikel ini berkontribusi untuk memperkuat disiplin dalam menentukan dasar-dasar hukuman dan konsistensi dalam penerapan pedoman hukuman pada kasus pembunuhan demi kehormatan.
Pembuktian Unsur Rencana dalam Perkara Honor Killing: Deliberasi Keluarga dan Skema Persiapan Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing is frequently framed in judicial proceedings as an act triggered by an immediate emotional outburst, leading to a narrowed or weakened assessment of premeditation. Such framing risks misclassification, as decision-making in honor killings often unfolds through brief yet deliberative chains of choice and may be distributed among multiple family members. This article aims to formulate honor-killing-specific indicators for proving premeditation by focusing on family deliberation and preparation schemes that remain verifiable through criminal evidence.The study employs normative legal research with a doctrinal and argumentative orientation, using statutory, conceptual, and systematic approaches. Analysis draws on provisions governing premeditated murder and principles of criminal evidence to connect the element of planning with observable conduct rather than subjective admissions. The findings demonstrate that the distinction between emotional outburst and premeditation should rest on the structure of decision-making rather than emotional intensity. Family deliberation operates as an internal authorization mechanism that enables role assignment and directs preparatory actions. Preparation schemes may be identified through weapon procurement, victim luring, surveillance, timing and location selection, and post-offence coordination, provided these acts maintain a logical connection with pre-offence preparation. These indicators are organized into a premeditation checklist based on evidentiary convergence across decision, preparation, and post-offence clusters. The checklist functions as a judicial reasoning aid that enables systematic scrutiny of spontaneity claims while preserving the foundational principles of criminal proof.
Living Law sebagai Instrumen Kebijakan Kriminal dalam KUHP Baru Indonesia Zul Khaidir Kadir
JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : CV. KAMPUS AKADEMIK PUBLISING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61722/jssr.v4i1.8146

Abstract

This study aims to assess the position of living law as a criminal policy tool, examine whether such recognition results in substantive integration or instrumentalization of culture, and assess its implications for the rule of law and the criminal justice system. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results confirm that Article 2 of the New Criminal Code expands the basis of criminal justice legitimacy without adopting the internal community mechanisms that support customary norms, so that social norms shift into material managed by law enforcement institutions. This configuration widens discretion, disrupts predictability, and opens up fragmentation of criminal justice standards between communities, especially for parties in subordinate social relations, while maintaining the centralization of state authority over coercion.
Standar Pembuktian Mens Rea dalam Perkara Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing) Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Desember 2025 - Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing cases raise persistent challenges in criminal law, particularly at the stage of proving mens rea. The core difficulty arises when honor-based motives are treated as substitutes for the mental element, or when family and community pressure is used to attenuate intent without strict factual scrutiny. This article aims to formulate a mens rea evidentiary standard capable of distinguishing intent formed through honor norms from claims of momentary emotion, while mapping the forms of knowledge and acceptance of fatal risk embedded in communal legitimization. The research adopts a normative legal method with a conceptual and analytical approach, grounded in mens rea doctrine and the extraction of fact-based indicators commonly found in criminal case files. The analysis demonstrates that honor motives must be treated with disciplinary restraint, functioning either as background context or as inference enhancers, but never as replacements for knowledge and volition. The article proposes a three-tiered mens rea test consisting of the assessment of knowledge of fatal consequences, acceptance of fatal risk, and consolidation of will through family communication and social control. This framework enables a structured differentiation between dolus directus, dolus indirectus, and dolus eventualis, while preventing social pressure from operating as an automatic excuse. The proposed tiered test strengthens criminal proof by anchoring intent in verifiable factual structures rather than moral or emotional narratives.
KUHP Baru Indonesia dan Prinsip Legalitas: Apakah Kepastian Hukum Masih Menjadi Fondasi? Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 2 No 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : CV Putra Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58540/jih.v2i2.1252

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan bentuk-bentuk rekonstruksi legalitas dalam struktur norma KUHP Baru, menilai implikasinya terhadap kepastian hukum sebagai prinsip dasar hukum pidana, serta merumuskan parameter konseptual untuk membaca ulang posisi legalitas ketika hukum pidana bergerak ke arah pengelolaan risiko. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer berupa KUHP Baru dan peraturan terkait, dilengkapi bahan sekunder dari artikel jurnal internasional mutakhir, serta bahan tersier untuk penegasan istilah. Analisis dilakukan melalui penalaran dogmatik terhadap relasi Pasal 1 dan Pasal 2, serta implikasi rumusan delik dan mekanisme pertanggungjawaban serta pemidanaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUHP Baru tetap mempertahankan asas legalitas secara formal dalam Pasal 1 ayat (1), tetapi fondasi kepastian hukum bergeser karena rumusan delik “hukum yang hidup” dalam Pasal 2 bersifat evaluatif. Karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan standar penafsiran yang terstruktur dan kriteria yudisial yang terukur untuk membatasi elastisitas norma, memperjelas batas keberlakuan living law, dan menekan disparitas putusan.
Pembunuhan karena Mahar (Dowry Killing) dan Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing): Batas Doktrinal dan Desain Pembuktian Kadir, Zul Khaidir
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Januari - Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/jishs.v4i4.4345

Abstract

This study aims to formulate an operational boundary between dowry killing and honor killing by identifying their underlying driving mechanisms, explaining the consequences of these differences for mens rea and evidentiary indicators, and assessing whether special offence regimes and evidentiary presumptions enhance accountability or instead displace proof with category-based judgments. The research employs normative legal methodology with a conceptual approach, mapping coercive mechanisms onto offence elements and evidentiary pathways, while critically evaluating the design of special offences and judicial presumptions. The findings indicate that dowry-related killing operates through economic coercion based on recurring material demands, coercive family bargaining, and escalating harassment, making transaction trails, demand communications, and patterned cruelty central to proof. Honor-based homicide, by contrast, operates through reputation restoration oriented toward social recognition, where proof turns on shame-related language, reputational threats, markers of social legitimation, and the collective dimension of decision-making. The study further shows that special offences and presumptions may strengthen accountability but risk over-inclusion and under-inclusion when applied without evidence-based classification gates.
Doktrin Provokasi Heat Of Passion Dan Diskresi Pemidanaan Dalam Perkara Pembunuhan Demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing) Zul Khaidir Kadir
SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 2 No 01 (2026): SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Publisher : SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora

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Abstract

Pengurangan kesalahan melalui provokasi (heat of passion) dirancang sebagai pengecualian yang ketat, sedangkan diskresi pemidanaan seharusnya berjalan melalui alasan yang dapat diuji. Namun, arsitektur doktrin provokasi dan praktik diskresi menyisakan ruang yang memungkinkan pelunakan pidana pada honor killing melalui pembingkaian emosi, rasa malu publik, dan tekanan komunitas sebagai alasan yang tampak manusiawi, sementara struktur kontrol atas korban tertutup oleh narasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi mekanisme “pintu belakang” pelunakan pada tiga elemen provokasi “mendadak”, “kehilangan kontrol”, dan “orang wajar” serta merumuskan batas normatif dan ambang pembuktian agar provokasi tidak berfungsi sebagai kanal pembenaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, berbasis studi kepustakaan, dan dianalisis secara kualitatif-doktrinal. Hasil penelitian merumuskan pembedaan operasional antara spontanitas psikologis dan rasionalitas sosial pemulihan reputasi, lalu mengusulkan aturan penyaring yang menolak klaim provokasi bila terdapat perencanaan, rapat keluarga, alokasi peran, persiapan sarana, atau orientasi reputasi publik. Pada pemidanaan, penelitian menggeser pusat penilaian dari intensitas emosi ke kontrol, dominasi, dan kerentanan korban, serta merumuskan desain alasan putusan yang memisahkan motif sebagai latar faktual dari alasan meringankan.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza