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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Bina Hukum Lingkungan Jambura Law Review Pusaka : Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Widya Pranata Hukum : Jurnal Kajian dan Penelitian Hukum SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan (JHEK) CASHFLOW : CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE Jurnal El-Thawalib Bina Hukum Lingkungan Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Mutiara : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Sains Student Research JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bojonegoro Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN ILMU AKADEMIK MERDEKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Hukum Inovatif : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jembatan Hukum: Kajian Ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Padamu Negeri Referendum Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Terang: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi International Journal of Law Analytic Jejak digital: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal El-Thawalib Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora NETIZEN (JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND BUSSINESS) Punggawa Law Review Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Politik
Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
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Narasi Kehormatan (Siri’) dalam Perkara Pembunuhan terhadap Perempuan di Sulawesi Selatan Kadir, Zul Khaidir; Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah; Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah
JURNAL PENELITIAN SERAMBI HUKUM Vol 19 No 01 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Vol 19 No 01 Tahun 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Batik Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59582/sh.v19i01.1460

Abstract

This article examines how Indonesia’s criminal law system and judicial practice allow narratives of honour (siri’) to enter the adjudication of homicide cases involving women, and assesses the consequences for the protection of the right to life and the position of victims within criminal proceedings. The study employs a normative legal method with doctrinal and jurisprudential approaches. Primary legal materials consist of Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code, particularly Article 458(1) and (2) on homicide and Articles 31–44 on justifying and excusing grounds, analysed alongside a corpus of court decisions from South Sulawesi. The analysis shows that siri’ operates as a causal premise in the construction of facts, primarily through the language of shame and commands to restore family honour, allowing judicial reasoning to shift from the victim’s rights to the reputational interests of the perpetrator’s family. Although the new Criminal Code establishes homicide as an unlawful deprivation of life and provides for aggravated punishment when the victim is a close family member, the discretionary space within sentencing guidelines enables honour-based motives to function as mitigating considerations, despite siri’ falling outside the closed categories of justifications and excuses. At the same time, evidentiary practices centred on chronology, perpetrator communication, and socially legitimised forgiveness narrow the space for victims as rights-bearing subjects, increasing the risk of silencing at the stages of reporting, examination, and sentencing.
Menilai Motif Kehormatan dalam Pemidanaan Perkara Honor Killing: Kerangka Reason-Giving dan Uji Bobot Motif Zul Khaidir Kadir
Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): GJMI - Januari
Publisher : PT. Gudang Pustaka Cendekia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/gjmi.v4i1.2021

Abstract

Kriminalisasi honor killing atau pembunuhan demi kehormatan menghadirkan tantangan serius terhadap rasionalitas putusan pidana, khususnya ketika klaim kehormatan diperlakukan sebagai alasan yang meringankan tanpa pemeriksaan yang memadai terhadap hubungannya dengan fakta-fakta yang relevan secara hukum. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kerangka kerja pemberian alasan yang dapat diaudit untuk menilai posisi motif kehormatan dalam hukuman pidana dan untuk merumuskan kriteria yang membedakan kehormatan sebagai dasar faktual dari kehormatan sebagai faktor pemberat. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat uji pemberian alasan yang memeriksa dasar bukti, relevansi hukum, dan kesesuaian tujuan hukuman, serta uji pembobotan motif yang mengoperasionalkan enam indikator: persetujuan masyarakat, tindakan kolektif, perencanaan, kekejaman, intimidasi saksi atau campur tangan dalam proses peradilan, dan dampak diskriminatif terhadap korban. Hal ini menutup pintu bagi simpati sosial sebagai faktor yang meringankan, sekaligus memberikan dasar normatif untuk memperlakukan kehormatan sebagai faktor pemberat ketika berfungsi sebagai legitimasi kekerasan pribadi dan mekanisme kontrol sosial. Dengan demikian, artikel ini berkontribusi untuk memperkuat disiplin dalam menentukan dasar-dasar hukuman dan konsistensi dalam penerapan pedoman hukuman pada kasus pembunuhan demi kehormatan.
Pembuktian Unsur Rencana dalam Perkara Honor Killing: Deliberasi Keluarga dan Skema Persiapan Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing is frequently framed in judicial proceedings as an act triggered by an immediate emotional outburst, leading to a narrowed or weakened assessment of premeditation. Such framing risks misclassification, as decision-making in honor killings often unfolds through brief yet deliberative chains of choice and may be distributed among multiple family members. This article aims to formulate honor-killing-specific indicators for proving premeditation by focusing on family deliberation and preparation schemes that remain verifiable through criminal evidence.The study employs normative legal research with a doctrinal and argumentative orientation, using statutory, conceptual, and systematic approaches. Analysis draws on provisions governing premeditated murder and principles of criminal evidence to connect the element of planning with observable conduct rather than subjective admissions. The findings demonstrate that the distinction between emotional outburst and premeditation should rest on the structure of decision-making rather than emotional intensity. Family deliberation operates as an internal authorization mechanism that enables role assignment and directs preparatory actions. Preparation schemes may be identified through weapon procurement, victim luring, surveillance, timing and location selection, and post-offence coordination, provided these acts maintain a logical connection with pre-offence preparation. These indicators are organized into a premeditation checklist based on evidentiary convergence across decision, preparation, and post-offence clusters. The checklist functions as a judicial reasoning aid that enables systematic scrutiny of spontaneity claims while preserving the foundational principles of criminal proof.
Living Law sebagai Instrumen Kebijakan Kriminal dalam KUHP Baru Indonesia Zul Khaidir Kadir
JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : CV. KAMPUS AKADEMIK PUBLISING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61722/jssr.v4i1.8146

Abstract

This study aims to assess the position of living law as a criminal policy tool, examine whether such recognition results in substantive integration or instrumentalization of culture, and assess its implications for the rule of law and the criminal justice system. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results confirm that Article 2 of the New Criminal Code expands the basis of criminal justice legitimacy without adopting the internal community mechanisms that support customary norms, so that social norms shift into material managed by law enforcement institutions. This configuration widens discretion, disrupts predictability, and opens up fragmentation of criminal justice standards between communities, especially for parties in subordinate social relations, while maintaining the centralization of state authority over coercion.
Standar Pembuktian Mens Rea dalam Perkara Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing) Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Desember 2025 - Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing cases raise persistent challenges in criminal law, particularly at the stage of proving mens rea. The core difficulty arises when honor-based motives are treated as substitutes for the mental element, or when family and community pressure is used to attenuate intent without strict factual scrutiny. This article aims to formulate a mens rea evidentiary standard capable of distinguishing intent formed through honor norms from claims of momentary emotion, while mapping the forms of knowledge and acceptance of fatal risk embedded in communal legitimization. The research adopts a normative legal method with a conceptual and analytical approach, grounded in mens rea doctrine and the extraction of fact-based indicators commonly found in criminal case files. The analysis demonstrates that honor motives must be treated with disciplinary restraint, functioning either as background context or as inference enhancers, but never as replacements for knowledge and volition. The article proposes a three-tiered mens rea test consisting of the assessment of knowledge of fatal consequences, acceptance of fatal risk, and consolidation of will through family communication and social control. This framework enables a structured differentiation between dolus directus, dolus indirectus, and dolus eventualis, while preventing social pressure from operating as an automatic excuse. The proposed tiered test strengthens criminal proof by anchoring intent in verifiable factual structures rather than moral or emotional narratives.
KUHP Baru Indonesia dan Prinsip Legalitas: Apakah Kepastian Hukum Masih Menjadi Fondasi? Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 2 No 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : CV Putra Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58540/jih.v2i2.1252

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan bentuk-bentuk rekonstruksi legalitas dalam struktur norma KUHP Baru, menilai implikasinya terhadap kepastian hukum sebagai prinsip dasar hukum pidana, serta merumuskan parameter konseptual untuk membaca ulang posisi legalitas ketika hukum pidana bergerak ke arah pengelolaan risiko. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer berupa KUHP Baru dan peraturan terkait, dilengkapi bahan sekunder dari artikel jurnal internasional mutakhir, serta bahan tersier untuk penegasan istilah. Analisis dilakukan melalui penalaran dogmatik terhadap relasi Pasal 1 dan Pasal 2, serta implikasi rumusan delik dan mekanisme pertanggungjawaban serta pemidanaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUHP Baru tetap mempertahankan asas legalitas secara formal dalam Pasal 1 ayat (1), tetapi fondasi kepastian hukum bergeser karena rumusan delik “hukum yang hidup” dalam Pasal 2 bersifat evaluatif. Karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan standar penafsiran yang terstruktur dan kriteria yudisial yang terukur untuk membatasi elastisitas norma, memperjelas batas keberlakuan living law, dan menekan disparitas putusan.
Pembunuhan karena Mahar (Dowry Killing) dan Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing): Batas Doktrinal dan Desain Pembuktian Kadir, Zul Khaidir
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Januari - Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/jishs.v4i4.4345

Abstract

This study aims to formulate an operational boundary between dowry killing and honor killing by identifying their underlying driving mechanisms, explaining the consequences of these differences for mens rea and evidentiary indicators, and assessing whether special offence regimes and evidentiary presumptions enhance accountability or instead displace proof with category-based judgments. The research employs normative legal methodology with a conceptual approach, mapping coercive mechanisms onto offence elements and evidentiary pathways, while critically evaluating the design of special offences and judicial presumptions. The findings indicate that dowry-related killing operates through economic coercion based on recurring material demands, coercive family bargaining, and escalating harassment, making transaction trails, demand communications, and patterned cruelty central to proof. Honor-based homicide, by contrast, operates through reputation restoration oriented toward social recognition, where proof turns on shame-related language, reputational threats, markers of social legitimation, and the collective dimension of decision-making. The study further shows that special offences and presumptions may strengthen accountability but risk over-inclusion and under-inclusion when applied without evidence-based classification gates.
Uji Klasifikasi Yudisial dalam Pembunuhan terhadap Gender: Honor Killing dan Intimate Partner Femicide Zul Khaidir Kadir
RISOMA : Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Januari: RISOMA : Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan
Publisher : Asosiasi Ilmuwan Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Humaniora Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/risoma.v4i1.1506

Abstract

Criminal responsibility is constructed through the elements of homicide offences, the assessment of mens rea, accomplice liability, and sentencing rationality grounded in individual culpability. In judicial practice, however, cases involving the killing of women are frequently framed at the outset through the labels of “honour” or “intimate relationship,” leading honour killing and intimate partner femicide to be treated as interchangeable categories. This practice shifts the assessment of intent toward the perpetrator’s narrated motive and narrows accountability to the last physical actor. This research aims to formulate, first, legal criteria and evidentiary indicators for distinguishing the two categories through a staged judicial classification test, and second, to assess the implications of such classification for the construction of intent, the attribution of responsibility to non-executing actors, and sentencing rationality through disciplined reason-giving. The study employs a normative legal method with a conceptual approach, based on library research of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings demonstrate that the core deficiency lies in the absence of an operational classification device, allowing honour narratives to displace structured mens rea analysis and to obscure the causal contributions of non-executors. The article proposes working definitions and a stepwise indicator-based test—focusing on the presence of determinative social pressure or sanctioning, provable role allocation within perpetrator networks, and prior threats framed in terms of honour restoration—and links these indicators to concrete doctrinal consequences for intent, accomplice liability, and sentencing. Through this framework, judicial reasoning is redirected from label-driven interpretation toward accountability, while restraining the use of honour as a mitigating rationale and preventing femicide patterns from being concealed by reputational narratives.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana dalam Honor Killing: Pendekatan Atribusi Peran Pelaku Zul Khaidir Kadir
Konsensus : Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Februari: Konsensus : Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/konsensus.v3i1.1515

Abstract

Honor killing cases often involve a distributed structure of perpetrators between decision-makers, providers of means, and implementers. This collective pattern raises the problem of role attribution in criminal law enforcement, which often shifts toward two problematic tendencies: centralizing responsibility on the executor or expanding criminal responsibility based on family ties. This article aims to formulate a tested role attribution model so that criminal responsibility does not stop at the direct perpetrator and does not develop into association-based punishment. This research uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach. Data collection methods were collected using literature studies, then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The research results formulate a role map of instigator, facilitator, and executor, operationalized through group role attribution based on two axes: causal contribution and normative contribution. The instigator is understood as the driver who shapes the will and locks the decision, the facilitator is understood as an assistant who deliberately provides the opportunity, means, or information. Meanwhile, the executor is someone who carries out the material act, although in terms of position, their actions are not automatically identical to the dominance of the decision. This division of roles is complemented by evidentiary indicators covering communication, financing, provision of facilities, field control, and post-incident intimidation, along with negative criteria to prevent inferences based on blood relations or passive presence. This model provides a more measurable standard of attribution for investigation, prosecution, and sentencing in collective honor killing cases.
Honor Killing di Timur Tengah: Konstruksi dan Respons Hukum Pidana di Yordania, Lebanon, dan Palestina Zul Khaidir Kadir
JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN ILMU AKADEMIK Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN ILMU AKADEMIK (JMIA)  April 2026
Publisher : CV. KAMPUS AKADEMIK PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61722/jmia.v3i2.9417

Abstract

This article examines honor killing in the Middle East as a form of gender-based killing rooted in the close relationship between family honor, sexual morality, and patriarchal control over women. Honor killing cannot be reduced to ordinary domestic homicide, because it operates through the belief that a woman’s body, conduct, and life choices are directly tied to the collective reputation of her family. The analysis is structured around three objectives. First, it explains how honor and family morality shape gender control. Second, it identifies the patterns, triggers, and forms of honor killing. Third, it analyzes legal responses and prevention strategies through a comparison of Jordan, Lebanon, and Palestine. This study employs a normative legal method, combining statutory, case-based, and comparative approaches. Its primary legal materials include the relevant criminal provisions in the three jurisdictions, notably Articles 340, 98, and 99 of the Jordanian Penal Code, Article 562 of the Lebanese Penal Code before its repeal in 2011, and Palestine’s Decree-Law No. 7 of 2011. The findings show that honor killing is not triggered only by proven sexual misconduct. In many cases, violence emerges from allegations, suspicion, rumor, refusal of family-arranged choices, or conduct by women considered damaging to the family’s collective reputation. Women remain the principal victims, while perpetrators are most often close family members. Legal reforms in the three jurisdictions mark an important normative shift, yet their practical effect remains constrained by general mitigating excuses, institutional bias, family pressure, and weak victim protection. These findings show that honor killing persists because social legitimacy and legal leniency continue to reinforce one another. Addressing this crime therefore requires more than formal amendment of criminal provisions. It also demands stricter sentencing policy, rights-based victim protection, and sustained transformation of the social norms that continue to legitimize killing in the name of honor.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Mochammad, Fadhil Hayan Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Zulfikar, Muhammad Reza