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Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Sediaan Sabun Cair Scrub Dari Sari Buah Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Ervina Syahfitri Lubis; Indah Pertiwi; Meiva Amelia Lubis
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 3 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i3.1745

Abstract

Melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.) contains bioactive compounds such as vitamin C, β-carotene, flavonoids, polyphenols, pectin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme that theoretically have potential antioxidant and skin care benefits in topical preparations. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical quality of liquid scrub soap from melon fruit juice at varying concentrations of 0% (F0/blank), 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3), using coffee grounds as a natural exfoliating agent. Physical quality evaluations included organoleptic testing, foam height and stability, pH, and viscosity according to SNI 06-4085-1996. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc test (α=0.05). Organoleptic results showed all formulas were white, liquid, melon-scented, and contained brown scrub granules. One-Way ANOVA showed that melon fruit juice concentration significantly affected all tested parameters (p<0.05). The average pH of F1, F2, and F3 were 8.53±0.06ᵇ, 9.17±0.12ᶜ, and 9.77±0.06ᵈ, meeting SNI requirements (pH 8–11). Average foam heights of F1, F2, and F3 were 105.00±1.00ᵇ mm, 125.67±1.53ᶜ mm, and 154.00±2.65ᵈ mm, with foam stability of 82.27±1.76ᵃᵇ%, 85.13±0.32ᵇᶜ%, and 87.03±1.47ᶜ%, all meeting SNI standards (13–220 mm) and stability threshold ≥70%. Viscosity of F1, F2, and F3 were 1,633±57.74ᵇ cP, 2,000±100.00ᶜ cP, and 2,567±57.74ᵈ cP, within the acceptable range (400–4,000 cP). Tukey HSD confirmed significant differences among all formulas for pH, foam height, and viscosity parameters. It was concluded that melon fruit juice can be successfully formulated into a liquid scrub soap and all formulas met the established physical quality requirements. Formula F3 at 15% concentration produced the best results. Further research is needed to evaluate the biological activity of the preparation, including antioxidant testing, exfoliation efficacy, and skin irritation studies.
Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mobe (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham.) terhadap Histopatologi Hati Tikus Diinduksi Karbon Tetraklorida Meiva Amelia Lubis; Aminah Dalimunthe; Panal Sitorus; Denny Satria; Indah Pertiwi; Damayanti S Damayanti S
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1432

Abstract

Background: Liver injury due to exposure to hepatotoxic chemicals remains a major problem in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is a classic hepatotoxic agent that induces oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and hepatocyte necrosis through free radical formation. Mobe leaves (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Ham.) contain bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids and phenolics, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with potential hepatoprotective effects. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of mobe leaves (EEML) on the liver histopathology of rats induced with carbon tetrachloride. Methods: This experimental study used a post-test only control group design. Twenty-five male rats were divided into five groups: negative control (CMC-Na 1% + CCl₄), positive control (silymarin 100 mg/kgBW + CCl₄), and three treatment groups receiving EEML at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kgBW + CCl₄. Hepatotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl₄ (1 mL/kgBW) twice weekly for 14 days. Liver tissue was processed for hematoxylin-eosin staining, and histopathological changes (hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration) were assessed semi-quantitatively using a scoring system (0-3). Results: CCl₄ induction caused severe liver damage in the negative control group, characterized by diffuse hydropic degeneration, extensive necrosis, and marked inflammatory infiltration (score 3 for all parameters). EEML administration significantly reduced liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. The 200 mg/kgBW dose showed the most pronounced hepatoprotective effect, with degeneration score 2, necrosis score 1, and inflammation score 2, approaching the protective effect of silymarin (score 1 for all parameters). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of mobe leaves demonstrated hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄-induced liver damage in rats, with the optimal effect at 200 mg/kgBW. These findings support the potential of mobe leaves as a natural hepatoprotective agent.