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A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of Oral Dosage Form Administered in The Form of Suspension to ICU Patients at Hospital X Suryani, Nelly; Anwar, Vidia Arliani; Saibi, Yardi; Dhilasari, Estu Mahanani; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Komala, Ismiarni; Azzahra, Afifah Nurnishrina
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol 6, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v6i2.41341

Patients in the intensive care unit were often very sick and had lost consciousness. Because they had trouble swallowing, individuals with reduced awareness frequently depended on enteral tubes (NGT) for their daily medical and nutritional requirements. Since not all medications were accessible in parenteral forms, patients who relied on enteral tubes often had issues, including drug stability. Many problems arose in clinical usage when the medication was crushed or suspended and put into the NGT, including drug obstruction in the enteral tube and a reduction in drug stability as a result of the dose form being altered, making the drug unstable. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the stability of oral suspension medications given to intensive care unit patients. The medical records of intensive care unit patients who had received oral medication therapy at X Hospital in Jakarta were examined retrospectively using a cross-sectional, descriptive approach. According to the statistics, coated tablets accounted for 68% of the most frequently used oral medication preparations. It was highly likely that crushing the coated tablets and administering them via NGT had resulted in tube obstruction. Additionally, 59.26% of the medications used had exhibited hygroscopic qualities, and several had been readily hydrolyzed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that oral medications, particularly crushed-coated tablets, could negatively affect drug stability. Active substances with hygroscopic properties and those prone to hydrolysis were also identified as potential contributors to instability.

Physical-chemical stability test on spray gel with active compound ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) and menthol, using combination gelling agent na cmc and copovidone Suryani, Nelly; Komala, Ismiarni; Akhsani, Luthfia Wikhdatul; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Rahmat, Deni
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 22 No 2 (2024): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v22i2.1626

The major component of galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga Linn) is ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS), which amounts to 80.05%. Significant anti-inflammatory activity is exhibited by EPMS from galangal rhizome through the inhibition of carrageenan-induced mouse edema and the inhibition of IL-6 production. EPMC is recognized for various pharmacological effects, particularly its potential as a wound healing agent due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The choice of spray was made because it meets the characteristics of anti-inflammatory preparations in the wound healing process. The preparation must be moist, easily adjusted to the shape of the wound (flexible), sterile, and evenly distributed, covering the tissue, and can be easily removed from the tissue, including the wound. A spray gel dosage form was formulated with varying concentrations of the gelling agent Na CMC, F1 (0.5%), F2 (1.0%), and F3 (1.5%). Physical stability was evaluated at room temperature storage on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Organoleptics, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spray pattern, adhesive spread ability, centrifugation test, and cycling test were evaluated. Chemical stability evaluation was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to assess the EPMS levels in the preparation. The results of the physical evaluation showed that all formulas were stable in terms of organoleptics, homogeneity, and pH, which was in the range of 6.6–7.1; the weight per spray was uniform and relatively stable in centrifugation and cycling tests. The use of a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and copovidone can produce a spray gel preparation of a good aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga Linn) crystal with a 1%.

Pengaruh Suhu dan Durasi pada Hasil Ekstraksi Ramah Lingkungan dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Stevia rebaudiana Komala, Ismiarni; Qibtiyah, Mariyatul; Muthoharoh; Ratnasari, Flori; Marvel
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 12 No 1 (2025): J Sains Farm Klin 12(1), April 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.12.1.1-6.2025

Stevia rebaudiana leaves are well-known for their intense natural sweetness, derived from steviol glycosides, which are 100-300 times sweeter than sugar. Besides being a natural sweetener, these leaves also hold the potential for various health benefits. This study compares two eco-friendly extraction methods: maceration using a water bath shaker (Dynamic maceration) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction in a water bath utilizing distilled water as the solvent. The objective was to assess their effects on extraction yield and antioxidant activity. Dynamic maceration was conducted at 25°C for 3 hours and 6 hours, yielding 14.2% and 15.5%, respectively, and at 75°C for 3 hours and 6 hours, yielding 18.6% and 16.7%, respectively. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was carried out at 25°C for 30 minutes and 60 minutes, yielding 12.1% and 15.2%, respectively, and at 75°C for 30 minutes and 60 minutes, yielding 15.0% and 14.6%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extracts, assessed using the DPPH method at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, showed a linear trend corresponding to each extraction condition. For dynamic maceration, inhibition percentages were 33.4% (25°C, 3 h), 30.1% (25°C, 6 h), 25.9% (75°C, 3 h), and 16.7% (75°C, 6 h); for ultrasonic-assisted extraction, values were 39.9% (25°C, 30 min), 33.8% (25°C, 60 min), 31.8% (75°C, 30 min), and 27.1% (75°C, 60 min). The highest yield (18.6%) was obtained from dynamic maceration at 75°C for 3 hours, whereas the highest antioxidant activity (39.9%) was observed in ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 25°C for 30 minutes

In Silico Assessment of Chemical Constituents of Zingiber officinale Rosc. For Anti-diabetic Activity: Molecular Docking with α-Glucosidase Receptor Normi, Normi; Supandi, Supandi; Komala, Ismiarni
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v5i2.36161

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are elevated because the body cannot release or utilize insulin adequately. Rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. (ginger) has been reported to possess anti-diabetic properties. This study aimed to provide information on the chemical components of ginger that have potential in silico antidiabetic activity against the α-glucosidase receptor. Twenty chemical components of ginger (quercetin, catechin, humulene, β-sesquiphellandrene, camphene, farnesene, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, curcumin, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, 10-shogaol, 6-paradol, 8-paradol, 10-paradol, methyl-6-gingerol, and methyl-8-gingerol) were used as ligands. An in silico study was conducted using the molecular docking technique with the AutoDock Vina software, which was then displayed using PyMOL and Biovia Discovery Studio. The grid box settings obtained in this study were as follows: center_x = -20.209, center_y = -6.763, center_z = 9.393, size_x = 12, size_y = 10, size_z = 12, and spacing (angstrom) = 1. The results indicated that the native ligand acarbose exhibited a binding energy of -6.9 kcal/mol. In contrast, four test ligands, quercetin (-7.3 kcal/mol), catechin (-7.1 kcal/mol), curcumin (-7.0 kcal/mol), and 6-gingerol (-7.0 kcal/mol) - demonstrated lower binding energies than acarbose, suggesting more stable conformations and more potent pharmacological effects. Lipinski analysis revealed that these four test ligands met all five Lipinski rule criteria. The study calculated the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) value for the Docking of acarbose with the α-glucosidase macromolecule, resulting in a value of 0.384 Å. Interaction analysis conducted using Biovia Discovery Studio software revealed various interaction types, including hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, electrostatic, and unfavorable interactions. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic compounds derived from ginger and offers a foundation for further research and development in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry.

Studi In Silico Senyawa Kimia Zingiber Montanum J.König sebagai Antidiabetes terhadap Reseptor α-Glukosidase Eltriya, Ninu; Adelina, Rosa; Komala, Ismiarni
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v6i2.39136

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from the impaired secretion of insulin, glucagon, and other hormones, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Bangle (Zingiber montanum) is recognized for its potent antidiabetic compounds. This study sought to evaluate the potential and interaction of chemical compounds from bangle on the α-glucosidase receptor as an antidiabetic using molecular docking studies. The molecular docking analyses were conducted using Autodock Vina software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer for 2D and 3D visualization. Fifteen chemical compounds from the bangle plant were subjected to molecular docking studies against the α-glucosidase receptor, with the comparative ligand acarbose. Results indicated that acarbose demonstrated a bond energy (ΔGbind) of -6.9 cal/mol. Conversely, six test compounds, including cassumunarin A (-7.7 kcal/mol), cassumunarin B (-7.5 kcal/mol), cassumunarin C (-8.0 kcal/mol), cassumunin A (-7.0 kcal/mol), cassumunin C (-7.0 kcal/mol), and banglenol A (-6.9 kcal/mol), exhibited lower binding energy than acarbose, signifying a more stable bond conformation and a stronger effect. These compounds formed hydrogen bonds with the amino acids Asp327, Asp203, Arg526, and Asp542, hydrophobic bonds with Tyr299, Thr406, and Phe575, and electrostatic bonds with Asp327, Asp203, Met444, and Asp542. In conclusion, this research indicates that several chemical compounds from the rhizome of bangle have the potential to interact with the α-glucosidase receptor as antidiabetic agents.

A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of Oral Dosage Form Administered in The Form of Suspension to ICU Patients at Hospital X Suryani, Nelly; Anwar, Vidia Arliani; Saibi, Yardi; Dhilasari, Estu Mahanani; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Komala, Ismiarni; Azzahra, Afifah Nurnishrina
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v6i2.41341

Patients in the intensive care unit were often very sick and had lost consciousness. Because they had trouble swallowing, individuals with reduced awareness frequently depended on enteral tubes (NGT) for their daily medical and nutritional requirements. Since not all medications were accessible in parenteral forms, patients who relied on enteral tubes often had issues, including drug stability. Many problems arose in clinical usage when the medication was crushed or suspended and put into the NGT, including drug obstruction in the enteral tube and a reduction in drug stability as a result of the dose form being altered, making the drug unstable. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the stability of oral suspension medications given to intensive care unit patients. The medical records of intensive care unit patients who had received oral medication therapy at X Hospital in Jakarta were examined retrospectively using a cross-sectional, descriptive approach. According to the statistics, coated tablets accounted for 68% of the most frequently used oral medication preparations. It was highly likely that crushing the coated tablets and administering them via NGT had resulted in tube obstruction. Additionally, 59.26% of the medications used had exhibited hygroscopic qualities, and several had been readily hydrolyzed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that oral medications, particularly crushed-coated tablets, could negatively affect drug stability. Active substances with hygroscopic properties and those prone to hydrolysis were also identified as potential contributors to instability.

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