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REVIEW OF THE PHYTOTHERAPY FOR NEPHROLITHIASIS Ridwan, Hanna Salwa; Megantara, Sandra; Levita, Jutti
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari Vol 15 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Garut University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52434/jifb.v15i1.2877

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stone) cases have a prevalence ranging from 1% to 13%. The disease not only hampers kidney function but also elevates the risk of chronic kidney diseases. The pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis is closely linked to elevated concentrations of calcium, oxalate, and/or uric acid in the urine. Pharmacotherapy to manage nephrolithiasis includes thiazide diuretics, allopurinol, citrate supplements, and alpha-blockers that have been prescribed to relieve symptoms. In addition, there is growing interest in exploring the potential of phytotherapy. This review aims to identify suitable phytotherapy approaches by examining relevant articles on nephrolithiasis. The research methodology involved searching PubMed articles using the keywords of (("Plant Extracts") AND ("Nephrolithiasis")) OR ("Ureterolithiasis"). The articles obtained from the initial search were n =123. 2 authors screened articles for their eligibility. The inclusion criteria were limited to articles written in English, topics related to nephrolithiasis and not other kidney diseases, the botanical names of the plants and the method of extraction are clearly described, complete studies with clear descriptions regarding the methods and results, not synthetic drugs, and not involving medical instruments or laser to remove the stones. Articles included in the review were n = 17. Water and hydro-alcohol were the solvents used to extract the plants. Twenty-two plants have confirmed their anti-nephrolithiasis activity, and nine articles described the assay by in vivo study, two by in vitro study, three by both in vitro and in vivo study, and only one article mentioned a study in humans by a randomized-control trial on a mixture of herbs. It is concluded that Rhizoma alismatis, Poria cocos, Polyporus umbellatus, Atractylodis macrocephalae, and Cinnamomi Cassiae prepared as a mixture in the Wu-Ling-San formula have a potential therapeutic effect on nephrolithiasis, as this formula has been studied in humans.
Molecular Docking Study of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Xanthone-Derived Isolates as Anti Androgen Suhandi, Cecep; Fadhilah, Ersa; Silvia, Nurfianti; Atusholihah, Annisa; Prayoga, Randy Rassi; Megantara, Sandra; Muchtaridi, Muchtaridi
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 12, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev12iss1pp11-20

Abstract

Androgen receptor (AR) is the member of steroid hormone receptor involved in the progression of prostate cancer growth due to receptor over-activation. On the other hand, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) as a medicinal plant contains xanthone-derived compounds which were known to have cytotoxic activity towards any types of human cancer cells. This research aims to determine xanthone-derived isolates potency from mangosteen as AR antagonists. The study was carried out through molecular docking assay utilizing AutoDock 4.2.6 using androgen receptor obtained from PDB ID 2AM9, testosterone as native ligand, and bicalutamide, flutamide, and nilutamide as reference. The results indicated that three isolates (1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone, mangostinone, and trapezifolixanthone) have the highest potency to be AR antagonist seen from the lower bond-free energy value than all of reference ligand. The lowest bond-free energy was provided by mangostinone with a ΔG value of -10.05 kcal/mol. However, the highest difference of residual amino acids interaction with testosterone and similar interaction with bicalutamide was provided by 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone, with five different amino acids with testosterone and nine similar amino acids with bicalutamide, respectively. Interestingly, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone has similar hydrogen bond with the key residue amino acids of AR (705-Asn and 711-Gln) which indicates probably partial agonist activity while mangostinone has the highest amount of hydrogen bond in the absence of hydrogen bond towards key residual amino acids of AR. The results concluded that three specific derived-xanthone compounds were predicted to have activity as AR antagonists.Keywords: Prostate cancer, Androgen receptor, Mangosteen, Xanthone, Molecular docking.
In Silico Study of Chemical Compounds in Plantago major L. as Anti-Androgen Baihaqi, Achmad Al; Isman, Hasna Siti Munifah; Fauziyyah, Ganis Fitria; Hutabarat, Rismauli Ruth Natasari; Hartono, Adi; Megantara, Sandra
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 13, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev13iss1pp33-45

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in men worldwide and the second leading cause of death after lung cancer. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) have been known to play an essential role in prostate cancer. Androgen receptor (AR) binding to the ligand allows homodimerization and translocation to the nucleus, which acts as a transcription factor for androgen-responsive genes such as PSA (Prostate-specific antigen). Although many anti-androgens have been established, including Bicalutamide, Flutamide, and Abiraterone, the problem of non-specific cytotoxicity effects and cancer recurrence due to potential drug resistance remains a significant obstacle to establishing effective therapy. Plantago major L. is one of the plants that can choose anticancer therapy because, based on reports, it has anticancer activity through DNA damage in cancer cells. This study focused on the search for the potential phytochemical activity of Plantago major L. as an anti-androgen, non-cytotoxic, and had significant AR inhibitory activity. This study uses Lipinski prediction (RO5), ADMET prediction, and a structure-based approach with molecular docking techniques using the PDB ID 2AM9 receptor structure and 13 compounds from Plantago major L. as test ligands compared to known AR antagonists. From the research results, Hispidulin has the highest potential as an anti-androgen with binding energy (-9.43 kcal/mol) that is closest to natural ligands and is smaller than Flutamide as a comparison drug. This anti-androgen activity was hypothesized from the similarity of hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues 705-Asn and 711-Gln as key AR residues present in Hispidulin.Keywords: Prostate cancer, Androgen Receptor, Plantago major L., ADMET, In Silico.