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Journal : Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy

Formulation and Evaluation of Lozenges from Durian Peel Extract (Durio zibethinus Murr) as an Antioxidant Lia Intan Humairoh; Dante Alighiri
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol 3 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v3i1.75516

Abstract

The durian peel is known to possess antioxidant activity due to the presence of flavonoid compounds in it. However, the potential of durian peel as an antioxidant is yet to be fully utilized, necessitating innovative approaches. This research aimed to formulate durian peel extract into antioxidant lozenge tablets. The durian peel was extracted using the reflux method with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The lozenge tablets were prepared in three formulations with varying fillers, Formula 1 with mannitol, Formula 2 with combination of mannitol-lactose, and Formula 3 with lactose. Evaluation of granule quality and physical properties of the lozenge tablets showed that Formula 2, with 50% mannitol and 50% lactose concentration, had exhibited better granule quality and physical properties compared to the other formulations. It had a flow rate of 0,88 seconds, an angle of repose of 19,85°, a compressibility index of 10%, tablet friability of 0,33%, tablet hardness of 11,67 kg, and a disintegration time of 16 minutes. The antioxidant activity of the durian peel extract lozenge tablets was identified using the DPPH method, with vitamin C tablets and imboost lozenge tablets as positive controls. The sample of durian peel extract lozenge tablet demonstrated higher antioxidant activity (IC50 value = 197,25 µg/mL) compared to the imboost lozenge tablet (IC50 value = 268,09 µg/mL). However, the antioxidant activity was still inferior to that of the vitamin C tablet, which had an IC50 value of 86.81 µg/mL.
Formulation of Effervescent Tablet From Extract of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Peels and Its Antioxidant Activity Citra Pramesti; Dante Alighiri
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol 3 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v3i1.75595

Abstract

Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is one of the seasonal fruits whose existence is abundant in Indonesia that leaves the waste of durian peels that are usually discarded after the durian fruit is consumed. While durian peel contains flavonoid, phenolic, alkaloid, steroid, saponin and a few terpenoid compounds based on durian fruit skin have a variety of pharmacological activities, one of which is as a natural source of antioxidants.The study aims to formulate durian fruit peels extract in an effervescent tablet preparation that is expected to be able to be one of the variations of natural antioxidants that can be easily consumed by society. The formula of effervescent tablets of durian fruit peels extract is made with variations in the concentration of Formula 1 dry extract of 0%, Formula 2 of 16%, Formula 3 of 20%, Formula 4 of 30%. The extraction method used in this study was the reflux method with 96% ethanol solvent. Effervescent tablets of durian skin extract were then tested for its antioxidant activity using the DPPH method and measured the value. In this study, durian peels extract was formulated into the form of an effervescent 1000 mg tablet preparation with variations in the concentration of dry extract 0%, 16%, 20% and 30%. All formulas showed the results of the evaluation of the physical properties of the granules and tablets were good and met the required standards. Formula 4 showed higher antioxidant activity compared to the other three formulas. This can be seen from the concentration of the added dry extract reaching 30%. Furthermore, formula 4 showed the smallest value of 117,7329 μg/mL, where the smaller the value of , the stronger its antioxidant activity. Based on these values, the formula 4 effervescent tablets are included in the moderate antioxidant activity.